汶川地震桥梁震害与延性抗震设计探讨
|
摘要
首先介绍汶川地震的震源机制,然后对地震中桥梁典型震害调查情况进行描述、归纳,结果表明:上部结构以落梁、局部碰撞破坏、纵向与横向移位为主要表现形式;下部结构存在桥墩折断、混凝土剥落、开裂、挡块普遍失效等震害现象,桥梁附属结构震害以支座移位与变形、伸缩缝张开或挤压、护栏开裂为主。最后对国内外延性抗震设计,尤其是细部设计进行了对比和探讨。
The focal mechanism of Wenchuan Earthquake was introduced first.Then typical seismic damages of bridges was described and summarized after investigation of the bridges in disaster area.The results show that(1) span collapses due to unseating at expansion joints,partial collision damage,vertical and horizontal displacement are prevalent damage forms of superstructure;(2) pier shear failure,concrete spalling,cracking,shear key failure,etc.are the seismic damages on the substructure;(3) the typical damages of the subsidiary structure includes shear deformation and displacement of the laminated-rubber bearing,opening or extrusion of the expansion joint,and cracking of safety guard.Finally,the content of seismic ductility design in domestic and foreign specifications,especially the detail design,was compared and discussed.
The focal mechanism of Wenchuan Earthquake was introduced first.Then typical seismic damages of bridges was described and summarized after investigation of the bridges in disaster area.The results show that(1) span collapses due to unseating at expansion joints,partial collision damage,vertical and horizontal displacement are prevalent damage forms of superstructure;(2) pier shear failure,concrete spalling,cracking,shear key failure,etc.are the seismic damages on the substructure;(3) the typical damages of the subsidiary structure includes shear deformation and displacement of the laminated-rubber bearing,opening or extrusion of the expansion joint,and cracking of safety guard.Finally,the content of seismic ductility design in domestic and foreign specifications,especially the detail design,was compared and discussed.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国交通运输部.JTG/T B02-01-2008公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2008.P.R.China.Ministry of Transport.JTG/T B02-01-2008 Guide-lines for Seismic Design of Highway Bridges[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2008.
[2]中华人民共和国交通部.JTJ 004-89公路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,1990年.P.R.China.Ministry of Communications.JTJ 004-89 Specifica-tions of Earthquake Resistant Design for Highway Engineering[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,1990.
[3]叶爱君.桥梁抗震[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2002.YE Aijun.Bridge Aseismic Design[M].Beijing:China Com-munications Press,2002.
[4]范立础,卓卫东.桥梁延性抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.FAN Lichu,ZHUO Weidong.Seismic Ductility Design for Bridge[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2001.
[5]王克海.桥梁抗震研究[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2007.WANG Kehai.Aseismic Research on Bridge[M].Beijing:ChinaRailway Publishing House,2007.
[6]王克海,孙永红,韦韩,等.汶川地震后对我国结构工程抗震的几点思考[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(11):54-59.WANG Kehai,SUN Yonghong,WEI Han,et al.Commentson Seismic Strengthening for Structural Engineering in China af-ter Wenchuan Earthquak[J].Journal of Highway and Trans-portation Research and Development,2008,25(11):54-59.
[7]周国良,崔成臣,刘必灯,等.汶川8.0级地震中几座近断层桥梁失效模式的初步探讨[J].震灾防御技术,2008,3(4):370-377.ZHOU Guoliang,CUI Chengchen,LIU Bideng,et al.FailureModes of Near-fault Bridges in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2008,3(4):370-377.
[8]尹海军,徐雷,申跃奎,等.汶川地震中桥梁损伤机理探讨[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2008,40(5):672-677.YIN Haijun,XU Lei,SHEN Yuekui,et al.Study on the Seis-mic Damages to the Bridges in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journalof Xi′an University of Architecture&Technology:Natural ScienceEdition,2008,40(5):672-677.
[9]陈运泰,许力生,张勇,等.初步研究及考察成果(一):2008年5月12日汶川特大地震震源特性分析报告[R/OL].2008-05-26[2009-01-10].http://www.csi.ac.cn/.CHEN Yuntai,XU Lisheng,ZHANG Yong,et al.PreliminaryResearch and Investigation Results(Part 1):Analysis for SourceCharacteristics of Wenchuan Earthquake Occurred on May 12,2008[R/OL].2008-05-26[2009-01-10].http://www.csi.ac.cn/.
[10]California Department of Transportation Division of EngineeringServices.Caltrans Seismic Design Criteria Version 1.2[S].California:[S.L.]2001.
[11]Comite European de Normalization(CEN).Eurocode 8 DesignProvisions for Earthquake Resistance of Structures,Part 2:Bridges[S].Brussels:Comite European de Normalization(CEN),1994.
[2]中华人民共和国交通部.JTJ 004-89公路工程抗震设计规范[S].北京:人民交通出版社,1990年.P.R.China.Ministry of Communications.JTJ 004-89 Specifica-tions of Earthquake Resistant Design for Highway Engineering[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,1990.
[3]叶爱君.桥梁抗震[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2002.YE Aijun.Bridge Aseismic Design[M].Beijing:China Com-munications Press,2002.
[4]范立础,卓卫东.桥梁延性抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2001.FAN Lichu,ZHUO Weidong.Seismic Ductility Design for Bridge[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2001.
[5]王克海.桥梁抗震研究[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2007.WANG Kehai.Aseismic Research on Bridge[M].Beijing:ChinaRailway Publishing House,2007.
[6]王克海,孙永红,韦韩,等.汶川地震后对我国结构工程抗震的几点思考[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(11):54-59.WANG Kehai,SUN Yonghong,WEI Han,et al.Commentson Seismic Strengthening for Structural Engineering in China af-ter Wenchuan Earthquak[J].Journal of Highway and Trans-portation Research and Development,2008,25(11):54-59.
[7]周国良,崔成臣,刘必灯,等.汶川8.0级地震中几座近断层桥梁失效模式的初步探讨[J].震灾防御技术,2008,3(4):370-377.ZHOU Guoliang,CUI Chengchen,LIU Bideng,et al.FailureModes of Near-fault Bridges in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2008,3(4):370-377.
[8]尹海军,徐雷,申跃奎,等.汶川地震中桥梁损伤机理探讨[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2008,40(5):672-677.YIN Haijun,XU Lei,SHEN Yuekui,et al.Study on the Seis-mic Damages to the Bridges in Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journalof Xi′an University of Architecture&Technology:Natural ScienceEdition,2008,40(5):672-677.
[9]陈运泰,许力生,张勇,等.初步研究及考察成果(一):2008年5月12日汶川特大地震震源特性分析报告[R/OL].2008-05-26[2009-01-10].http://www.csi.ac.cn/.CHEN Yuntai,XU Lisheng,ZHANG Yong,et al.PreliminaryResearch and Investigation Results(Part 1):Analysis for SourceCharacteristics of Wenchuan Earthquake Occurred on May 12,2008[R/OL].2008-05-26[2009-01-10].http://www.csi.ac.cn/.
[10]California Department of Transportation Division of EngineeringServices.Caltrans Seismic Design Criteria Version 1.2[S].California:[S.L.]2001.
[11]Comite European de Normalization(CEN).Eurocode 8 DesignProvisions for Earthquake Resistance of Structures,Part 2:Bridges[S].Brussels:Comite European de Normalization(CEN),1994.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心