分数Fourier变换在可控震源信号处理中的应用
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摘要
可控震源浅层地震勘探中,参考信号与接收信号都会受到环境噪声的污染。为了提高信号的信噪比,笔者采用一种新的时频分析工具———分数Fourier变换来对参考信号进行噪声的压制,它利用了可控震源信号———Chirp信号在某个分数阶Fourier变换上具有很好的能量集聚的特征,即表现为一个冲击函数,而噪声的能量均匀分布在整个时域平面内,在任何的分数阶Fourier域上均不会出现能量集聚。利用这一特征,可以分离出参考信号中的噪声,使时间延迟剖面的信噪比得到提高,改善了剖面质量。
In the shallow layer seismic exploration of vibrator, reference signal and received signal are often influenced by environmental noise.To improve the signal/noise ratio of signal,the paper applys a new time-frequency analysis tool——Fractional fourier transform to compress the noise for reference signal,which applys the vibrator data——Chirp signal which has the feature a top function of strong energy collection in certain Fractional fourier transform,which the energy of noise distribute in the whole time domain plane averagely,so there is no energy collection in every domain of Fractional fourier transform.We can eliminate the noise from the reference signal,to enhance the signal/noise ratio of time delay profile and improve the quality of the profile.
In the shallow layer seismic exploration of vibrator, reference signal and received signal are often influenced by environmental noise.To improve the signal/noise ratio of signal,the paper applys a new time-frequency analysis tool——Fractional fourier transform to compress the noise for reference signal,which applys the vibrator data——Chirp signal which has the feature a top function of strong energy collection in certain Fractional fourier transform,which the energy of noise distribute in the whole time domain plane averagely,so there is no energy collection in every domain of Fractional fourier transform.We can eliminate the noise from the reference signal,to enhance the signal/noise ratio of time delay profile and improve the quality of the profile.
引文
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[2]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].北京:石油大学出版社,2001.106—112.
[3]蒋忠进,林君,陈祖斌.小波包在可控震源地震信号时延估计中的应用[J].吉林大学学报,2003,21(2):105—109.
[4]王绪本,郭勇,王娇,等.基于声波与振动探测的地震灾害生命搜索系统信号分析[J].工程地球物理学报,2005,2(2):79—83.
[5]冉启文.小波分析与分数傅立叶变换及应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1999.389—392.
[6]冉启文,刘永坦.分数傅立叶变换与信号时频分析[J].信号处理,2001(2):67—71.
[7]张贤达.非平稳信号分析与处理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1998.563—571.
[8]陶然,齐林,王越.分数阶Fourier变换的原理与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.133—145.
[9]张贤达.现代信号处理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1995.392—395.
[10]Qi Lin,Tao Ran,Zhou Siyong,et al.Adaptive time-varying filter for linear fm signal in fractional fourierdomain[A].in IEEE2002 6thInternational Conferenceon signal processing,2002(2):1425—1428.
[11]Dong Yongqiang,Tao Ran,Zhou Siyong.The Frac-tional Fourier Analysis of Multicomponent LFM sig-nal[J].Chinese Journal of Electronics,1999,8(3):326—329.
[12]Almeida L B.The fractional Fourier transform andtime-frequency representations[J].IEEE Trans.onSP,1994,42(11):3084—3091.
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