海上三维拖缆地震资料面元中心化技术及其应用
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摘要
受采集方式和环境的影响,海上三维拖缆地震资料的覆盖次数是不均匀的,要进行面元均化处理,传统的借道均化方法存在误差,影响叠前时间偏移的效果。为此,探讨了沿Inline和Crossline两个方向进行地震道插值实现CMP面元中心化的方法。首先对传统静态和动态面元均化方法进行了讨论,并进行了误差分析;然后阐述了双向插值面元中心化处理的基本原理和实现步骤;最后以渤海某区域三维拖缆资料面元中心化处理为例,分析了双向插值面元中心化方法的可靠性。与传统借道方法的叠前时间偏移结果进行了对比,结果表明双向插值面元中心化方法可以提高振幅的保真度,改善偏移成像的信噪比,提高成像精度。
The fold of 3D offshore streamer seismic data is uneven for the influence of acquisition mode and environment,which needs bin equalization. Conventional bin equalization method uses the adjacent traces,which leads to error and impacts the effect of prestack time migration.Therefore,we discussed interpolating seismic traces in inline and crossline directions to realize CMP bin centralization. Firstly,the traditional static and dynamic bin equalization methods were discussed,and the error was analyzed.Then,the basic principles and steps of bin centralization interpolating in two directions were demonstrated.Finally,the bin centralization processing on some 3D offshore streamer seismic data was taken as an example to analyze the reliability of the two-directional interpolation bin centralization. Compared to the prestack time migration results obtained from traditional method,the result shows that the two-directional interpolation bin centralization can increase the preservation of amplitude,improve S/N and raise imaging accuracy.
The fold of 3D offshore streamer seismic data is uneven for the influence of acquisition mode and environment,which needs bin equalization. Conventional bin equalization method uses the adjacent traces,which leads to error and impacts the effect of prestack time migration.Therefore,we discussed interpolating seismic traces in inline and crossline directions to realize CMP bin centralization. Firstly,the traditional static and dynamic bin equalization methods were discussed,and the error was analyzed.Then,the basic principles and steps of bin centralization interpolating in two directions were demonstrated.Finally,the bin centralization processing on some 3D offshore streamer seismic data was taken as an example to analyze the reliability of the two-directional interpolation bin centralization. Compared to the prestack time migration results obtained from traditional method,the result shows that the two-directional interpolation bin centralization can increase the preservation of amplitude,improve S/N and raise imaging accuracy.
引文
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12 Zdravko N,Ruska I,Chavdar K,et al.Sampling and interpolation of periodic signals[J].Cybernetics and Information Technologies,2004,4(1):43-53
13 Hugonnet P,Herrmann P,Ribeiro C.High resolution Radon:a review[J].Expanded Abstracts of EAGE 63~(rd) Annual Conference,2001,Session:IM-2
14姜岩,王维红.对比抛物Radon正变换几种矩阵求解方法[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(6):555-559
15王维红,崔宝文.双曲Radon变换法多次波衰减[J].新疆石油地质,2007,28(3):363-365
2渥.伊尔马滋.地震资料分析——地震资料处理、反演和解释[M].刘怀山,王克斌,童思友,译.北京:石油工业出版社,2006.359-380
3张红梅,刘洪.基于稀疏离散τ-p变换的非均匀地震道重建[J].石油物探,2006,45(2):141-145
4贾友珠,董伟,张印堂.三维地震资料连片处理中的面元均化技术——以桩海地区为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2002,9(2):50-52
5王西文,刘全新,吕焕通,等.相对保幅的地震资料连片处理方法研究[J].石油物探,2006,45(2):105-120
6吴清岭,李来林,陈斌,等.基于覆盖次数的叠前振幅归一化处理在大庆油田的应用[J].大庆石油地质与开??发,2008,27(2):121-123,127
7杨有发,何樵登,张建祥,等.海洋地震勘探[M].吉林:吉林科学技术出版社,1997.54-56
8董良国,吴晓丰,唐海忠,等.逆掩推覆构造的地震波照明与观测系统优化[J].石油物探,2006,45(1):40-47
9 Wu R S,Chen L.Mapping directional illumination and acquisition-aperture efficacy by beamlet propagators [J].Expanded Abstracts of 72~(nd) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2002,1352-1355
10 Jakubowicz H.Wavefield reconstruction[J].Expanded Abstracts of 64~(th) Annual Internat SEG Mtg,1994, 1557-1560
11陈双全,王尚旭,季敏.基于信号保真的地震数据插值[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(5):515-517
12 Zdravko N,Ruska I,Chavdar K,et al.Sampling and interpolation of periodic signals[J].Cybernetics and Information Technologies,2004,4(1):43-53
13 Hugonnet P,Herrmann P,Ribeiro C.High resolution Radon:a review[J].Expanded Abstracts of EAGE 63~(rd) Annual Conference,2001,Session:IM-2
14姜岩,王维红.对比抛物Radon正变换几种矩阵求解方法[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(6):555-559
15王维红,崔宝文.双曲Radon变换法多次波衰减[J].新疆石油地质,2007,28(3):363-365
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