基于输电塔风致响应的节点螺栓脱落损伤自动诊断的小波识别方法
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摘要
以法兰螺栓联结为节点连接型式的输电塔架结构是一类应用广泛的结构型式。其中节点螺栓脱落损伤是一种常见的损伤形式。为了确保电力工业的正常运行,及时进行法兰联结节点螺栓松动损伤的诊断是十分必要的。本文依据输电塔结构塔身竖杆法兰联结节点风致响应的特点,推导了只与结构的损伤程度有关,与外加的风荷载无关的塔身竖杆节点风致竖向应变响应方差的归一化公式,并借助于噪声抑制能力强且对突变信号敏感的小波变换方法对该统计方差进行了小波变换分析,达到了对螺栓脱落损伤位置的有效识别,实际输电塔法兰螺栓松动损伤的仿真分析表明,本文提出的方法是有效而可行的,具有一定的实践价值。
The flange joint is a common connection form of highrise steel tower structure,such as the transmission tower,and the bolt looseness of flange is the damage usually caused in the structure.It is extremely essential to carry out the joint damage diagnosis to ensure the normal operation of power industry.This paper has carried out the fundamental research on the damage diagnosis of bolt looseness in the joint of flange in the transmission tower under the wind loading.By deducing the damage characteristic that is sensitive to damage and independent of loading,accurate diagnosis of damage of bolt looseness in the joint of flange is made by applying the wavelet transform method and sensitive characteristic of the wave signals.The authors carried out the simulation analysis under the action of different wind loads.The results indicate that this method can effectively achieve the recognition of bolt looseness damage with great antinoise ability.
The flange joint is a common connection form of highrise steel tower structure,such as the transmission tower,and the bolt looseness of flange is the damage usually caused in the structure.It is extremely essential to carry out the joint damage diagnosis to ensure the normal operation of power industry.This paper has carried out the fundamental research on the damage diagnosis of bolt looseness in the joint of flange in the transmission tower under the wind loading.By deducing the damage characteristic that is sensitive to damage and independent of loading,accurate diagnosis of damage of bolt looseness in the joint of flange is made by applying the wavelet transform method and sensitive characteristic of the wave signals.The authors carried out the simulation analysis under the action of different wind loads.The results indicate that this method can effectively achieve the recognition of bolt looseness damage with great antinoise ability.
引文
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[2]董广明,陈进,雷宣扬,等.基于小波包-神经网络方法的支撑座连接螺栓松动损伤诊断的实验研究[J].机械科学与技术,2006,(1):.
[3]张兢,徐霞,张志文.基于压电陶瓷的结构损伤检测技术[J].压电与声光,2005,3.
[4]张兢,徐霞,王玉菡,等.基于压电陶瓷动态信息的结构损伤检测技术[J].重庆工学院学报(自然科学版),2007,(5).
[5]JIANG Zhong-wei,NISHIMURA K,CHONAN S.Structural damage monitoring and localization with longitudinal wave measurement technique byPZTpaches[J].JSEM(C),2001,67(660):2580-258.
[6]Ayres J W,Frederic Lalande.Qualitative health monitoring of a street bridge joint via piezoelectric actuator/sensor patches[J].SPIE Nondestruc-tive Evaluation Techniques for Aging Infrastruc-ture&Manufacturing,1996,(12):3-5.
[7]INMAN D J.Smart materials in damage detection and prognosis[J].Key engineering Materials,2003:245-246,3-16.
[8]高峰,李以农,王德俊,等.用于结构健康诊断的压电阻抗技术[J].振动工程学报,2000,(1).
[9]周乐,黄世国.阻抗测量法及梁的阻抗应答分析[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2007,(3).
[10]高峰,王德俊,江钟伟,等.压电阻抗技术用于螺栓松紧健康诊断[J].中国机械工程,2001,(9).
[11]黄东梅,瞿伟廉.高耸塔架结构节点损伤的指标分析与反分析两步诊断法[J].华中科技大学学报(城市科学版),2003,20(2):61-64.
[12]瞿伟廉,黄东梅.高耸塔架结构节点损伤基于神经网络的两步诊断法[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(2):143-149.
[13]李德葆,陆秋海.实验模态分析及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[14]瞿伟廉,秦文科,郭佳凡.高耸塔架结构节点联结螺栓松动等效模型研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2007,29(1):139-141.
[15]张相庭.工程结构风荷载理论和抗风计算手册[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1990.
[16]程正兴.小波分析算法与应用[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1998.
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