集集地震人员死亡率研究
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摘要
发生在台湾省车笼埔断层上的集集地震造成了大量人员伤亡。本文搜集了该地震高烈度区的村里级行政单元的死亡率数据,并分析了城市型、乡镇型和农村型居民地的死亡率与地震烈度的关系。表明城市型和乡镇型平均死亡率差别不大,农村型则明显较高。对死亡率与地表破裂带、高烈度分布区和局部场地条件的关系等进行了分析,在此基础上,显示了死亡率随距离分布在断层两侧的不对称性。上述结果加深了对集集地震死亡率分布及其成因的认识,对评估未来地震人员死亡有重要意义。
Chi-Chi Earthquake,occurred on the Chelungpu fault,caused many people deaths and injuries.This paper collected the casualty data in village and hamlet administrative units in the high intensity area,analyzed the relation between earthquake intensity and people death rate responding to three types of residential areas: city,town and village.It is obvious that the death rates in city and town type's areas are almost distributed in the same range while the death rates in village type areas are higher than them.The analysis of the relation between death rate and the factors such as the ground surface rupture distribution,the high intensity region and site conditions in local areas shown that the death rates with distance are asymmetrically distributed on both sides of the fault.These results make deeper cognition of the death rate distribution of Chi-Chi earthquake,and are significant for evaluation of casualty in the forthcoming earthquakes.
Chi-Chi Earthquake,occurred on the Chelungpu fault,caused many people deaths and injuries.This paper collected the casualty data in village and hamlet administrative units in the high intensity area,analyzed the relation between earthquake intensity and people death rate responding to three types of residential areas: city,town and village.It is obvious that the death rates in city and town type's areas are almost distributed in the same range while the death rates in village type areas are higher than them.The analysis of the relation between death rate and the factors such as the ground surface rupture distribution,the high intensity region and site conditions in local areas shown that the death rates with distance are asymmetrically distributed on both sides of the fault.These results make deeper cognition of the death rate distribution of Chi-Chi earthquake,and are significant for evaluation of casualty in the forthcoming earthquakes.
引文
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[2]王彦斌,王永,李建成,等.1999年台湾集集大地震的地表断层破裂特征[J].地震地质,2000,22(2):97-103.
[3]台湾省九二一震灾灾后重建推动委员会,台湾省文献委员会.九二一集集大地震救灾纪实[M].台湾:台湾省文献委员会,2000.
[4]郝敏,谢礼立.921台湾集集地震的烈度等震线[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2007,39(2):169-172.
[5]郝敏,谢礼立.集集地震等震线和PGA、PGV等值线关系的研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(1):18-21.
[6]刘吉夫.宏观震害预测方法在小尺度空间上的适用性研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2006.
[7]傅征祥,李革平.地震生命损失研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1993.
[8]邹其嘉,毛国敏,孙振凯,等.地震人员伤亡易损性研究[J].自然灾害学报,1995,4(3):60-68.
[9]陈棋福,陈颙,陈凌.利用国内生产总值和人口数据进行地震灾害损失预测评估[J].地震学报,1997,19(6):640-649.
[10]李智,王晓青.地震震害微观与宏观方法快速盲估综述[J].地震,2010,30(2):134-142.
[11]国家地震局震害防御司未来地震灾害损失预测研究组.中国地震灾害损失预测研究[M].北京:地震出版社,1990.
[12]俞言祥,高孟潭.台湾集集地震近场地震动的上盘效应[J].地震学报,2001,23(6):615-621.
[13]王乾盈,吴明贤,李千里.震测剖面[C]//王锦华,王乾盈,宋国域,等.九二一集集大地震.2005:195-211.
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