核电站地震次生火灾的扑救与防护
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摘要
核电站地震次生火灾除了会造成人员伤亡、经济损失严重外,还可能造成放射性污染。目前我国核电处于快速发展时期,考虑我国地震多发的特性,研究核电站地震次生火灾具有重要的工程价值。本文详细分析了核电站地震次生火灾的起火原因、影响因素和发展特点等火灾特性,系统总结了核电站地震次生火灾扑灭应遵循"先重点,后一般"、"先隔离,后扑灭"、"急检修,勤巡逻"等三个原则,并提出了扑救和预防核电站地震次生火灾时应注意的三个事项。
Nuclear power plant post-earthquake fires will cause not only personnel injury,severe economic loss,but also serious environmental pollution.For the moment,nuclear power is in a position of rapid development in China.Considering the earthquake-prone characteristics of our country,it is of great engineering importance to investigate the nuclear power plant post-earthquake fires.This article analyzes the cause,influential factors and development characteristics of nuclear power plant post-earthquake fires in details,and summarizes the three principles should be followed in fighting and preventing nuclear power plant post-earthquake fires,such as solving problems in order of importance and urgency,isolation prior to prevention,immediate repair and regular patrol.Three aspects were pointed out that should be paid attention in fighting and preventing post-earthquake fires.
Nuclear power plant post-earthquake fires will cause not only personnel injury,severe economic loss,but also serious environmental pollution.For the moment,nuclear power is in a position of rapid development in China.Considering the earthquake-prone characteristics of our country,it is of great engineering importance to investigate the nuclear power plant post-earthquake fires.This article analyzes the cause,influential factors and development characteristics of nuclear power plant post-earthquake fires in details,and summarizes the three principles should be followed in fighting and preventing nuclear power plant post-earthquake fires,such as solving problems in order of importance and urgency,isolation prior to prevention,immediate repair and regular patrol.Three aspects were pointed out that should be paid attention in fighting and preventing post-earthquake fires.
引文
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[2]王国权,马宗晋,周锡元,等.国外几次震后火灾的对比研究[J].自然灾害学报,1999,8(3).(WANG Guo-quan,MA Zong-jin,ZHOU Xi-yuan,et al.Comparative Study for Several Post-earthquake Fire Disasters Abroad[J].Journal of Natural Disasters,1999,8(3).)
[3]Berkeley Seismological Laboratory[N].Where Can I learn more about1906Earthquake,2003-3-1.
[4]Kanai K.Enginering Seismology[M].University of Tokyo Press,Tokyo,1983.
[5]Kobe City Fire Department.Investigation report on damages to fire protection systems caused by the Hanshin—Awaji Earthquake in Kobe,1995.
[6]神户市消防局.阪神一淡路大震灾における火灾状况,神户市域.神户市防灾安全公社/东京法令出版株式会社,1996.
[7]董希琳.核电厂消防安全和事故应急[M].北京:原子能出版社,1999.(DONG Xi-lin.Safety and Accident Emergency Preparedness for Nuclear Power Plant Fire Protection,Beijing:Atomic Energy Press,1999.)
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