攀枝花泥石流发育的环境条件及其分布特征
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摘要
攀枝花市大部分地区属泥石流重度危险区,所辖区县历史上多次受泥石流危害,现在仍有许多城镇、工矿、电站和交通设施受泥石流威胁。本区具有地质构造复杂、岩体破碎、新构造运动活跃、地震频繁的地质条件,坡陡谷深、谷盆交错分布的地形特征,降水集中、气温日较差大、干燥少雨的气候特点,再加上人类不合理的开发活动为泥石流的发育创造了良好的条件。受其影响,泥石流与断裂构造、地震活动、地层岩性、岩石风化程度、暴雨强度及人类活动具有空间分布上一致性。这不仅揭示了泥石流与其发育环境的关系,也为区域泥石流防灾减灾提供了依据。
Most districts of Panzhihua are high danger areas of debris flow.Those counties dominated by Panzhihua were formerly endangered by debris flow many times.Till now,many towns,power plants,traffic establishment and mine areas are threatening by debris flow.In this area,the geology is characteristic by complex geological structures,cracked rock,active neotectonism,frequently earthquake;the landform is represented by the steep slope and the deep valley;and the climate concentrate on rainfall,higher diurnal range temperature,developed ruptures,aridity and little precipitation.Furthermore,the development of debris flows are also promoted by the irrational human activities.So,the debris flow distribution has the space coherence with the fault structure,the earthquake,the stratum lithology,the degree of rock weathering,the intensity of hard rainfall and the human activities.Which not only reveal the relationship of debris flow and its developing environment,but also contribute to control and prevent the disaster.
Most districts of Panzhihua are high danger areas of debris flow.Those counties dominated by Panzhihua were formerly endangered by debris flow many times.Till now,many towns,power plants,traffic establishment and mine areas are threatening by debris flow.In this area,the geology is characteristic by complex geological structures,cracked rock,active neotectonism,frequently earthquake;the landform is represented by the steep slope and the deep valley;and the climate concentrate on rainfall,higher diurnal range temperature,developed ruptures,aridity and little precipitation.Furthermore,the development of debris flows are also promoted by the irrational human activities.So,the debris flow distribution has the space coherence with the fault structure,the earthquake,the stratum lithology,the degree of rock weathering,the intensity of hard rainfall and the human activities.Which not only reveal the relationship of debris flow and its developing environment,but also contribute to control and prevent the disaster.
引文
[1]中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所.1∶100万四川与重庆泥石流分布及危险度区划图[M].成都:成都地图出版社,1997.
[2]谭万沛,等.暴雨泥石流滑坡的区域预测与预报[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1994.36-181.
[3]罗德均,刘汉超.攀枝花地区主要露天矿山地质环境特征及评价[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2003,14(1):25-29.
[4]王新民,张成贵,裴锡瑜.安宁河活动断裂带的新活动性[J].四川地震,1998,(4):13-33.
[2]谭万沛,等.暴雨泥石流滑坡的区域预测与预报[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1994.36-181.
[3]罗德均,刘汉超.攀枝花地区主要露天矿山地质环境特征及评价[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2003,14(1):25-29.
[4]王新民,张成贵,裴锡瑜.安宁河活动断裂带的新活动性[J].四川地震,1998,(4):13-33.
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