香港地区滑坡体积与前期降水关系分析
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摘要
滑坡灾害发生的因子可以分为两种类型 ,即滑坡体所处的环境静态因子 ,如地形、地质等 ,和滑坡的诱发因子 ,如强降水、地震等。香港地处夏季多雨的热带地区 ,每年均有大量因暴雨导致的滑坡灾害出现。为分析滑坡大小与前期降水的关系 ,文中选择了 2 6 2个滑坡样例 ,对它们进行了多种周期前期降水的定量化研究 ,发现不同类型的滑坡出现与前期降水有不同的关联关系 :每种类型的滑坡中体积较大的滑坡与前期降水均有明显的关系 ;对多数体积较小的滑坡 ,滑坡体积与前期降水量并没有明显的正相关关系。
The reasons for occurring landslide can be categorized into two types as landslide environmental factors such as topography, geomorphy, and landslide triggering factors such as rainstorms, earthquake. Most of landslides occurring in Hong Kong were triggered by rainstorms or intense precipitation. The relationship between landslides and rainfall has been studied by many researchers some of whom have considered the effect of different rainfall duration on the occurrence of landslides. An analysis of the relationship between landslide volume and the antecedent precipitation for 262 landslide incidents was reported in this paper. Antecedent precipitation for 30 min, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 3 days, 15 days, and 30 days duration prior to the time of occurrence of the 262 landslide incidents was considered. It is found that landslide volume had some relationship with antecedent rainfall 'style', as defined, for different landslide types(fill slope, cut slope, retaining wall, natural slope and other slopes).
The reasons for occurring landslide can be categorized into two types as landslide environmental factors such as topography, geomorphy, and landslide triggering factors such as rainstorms, earthquake. Most of landslides occurring in Hong Kong were triggered by rainstorms or intense precipitation. The relationship between landslides and rainfall has been studied by many researchers some of whom have considered the effect of different rainfall duration on the occurrence of landslides. An analysis of the relationship between landslide volume and the antecedent precipitation for 262 landslide incidents was reported in this paper. Antecedent precipitation for 30 min, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, 1 day, 3 days, 15 days, and 30 days duration prior to the time of occurrence of the 262 landslide incidents was considered. It is found that landslide volume had some relationship with antecedent rainfall 'style', as defined, for different landslide types(fill slope, cut slope, retaining wall, natural slope and other slopes).
引文
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[3] AtkinsonPM ,massariR .GeneralizedlinearmodellingofsusceptibilitytolandslidingintheCentralApennines,Italy[J].Computers&Geosciences,1998,24(4):373385.
[4] CannonSH ,EllenSD .Rainfallthatresultedinabundantdebris flowactivityduringthestorm[A].EllenSE ,WieczoredGF .Landslides,FloodsandMarineeffectsofthestormofJuuary35,1982,intheSanFranciscoBayRegion[C].California:USGeologicalSurveyProfessionalPaper1434,1989.2733.
[5] MarkRK ,NewmanEB .Rainfalltotalsbeforeandduringthestorm:distributionandcorrelationwithdamaginglandslides[A].EllenSE .WieczoredGF .Landslides,floodsandmrineeffectsofthestormofJanuary35,1982,intheSanFranciscoBayRegion[C].California:USGeologicalSurveyProfes sionalPaper1434,1989.1226.
[6] LumbP .SlopefailureinHongKong[J].QuarterlyJournalofEngineeringGeology,1975,8:3165.
[7] BrandEW ,PremchittJ ,PhillipsonHB .RelationshipbetweenrainfallandlandslideinHongKong[A].ProceedingsoftheFourthInternationalSympo siumonLandslide[C],Toronto:1984.377384.
[8] EvansNC .Natualterrainlandslidesstudy:rainfalldistributionandorographiceffectsinHongKong[R].HongKong:GeotechnicalEngineeringOffice,DiscussionNoteDN 3/96,1996.
[9] GEO .HongKongrainfallandlandslidein1992(1993,1994,1995,1996)[R].HongKong:GeotechnicalEngineeringOffice,19921996.
[10] GEO .HongKongrainfallandlandslidein1992[R].HongKong:GeotechnicalEngineeringOffice,CivilEngineeringDepartment,1992.
[11] PunWK ,WongACW ,PangPL .Reviewoflandslidewarningcriteria[R].SpecialProjectReport,AppendE ,SPR 4/99,HongKong:GeotechnicalEngineeringOffice,CivilEngineeringDepartment,thegovernmentoftheHongKongspecialadministrativeregion,1999.
[12] SteijnVanH .Debris flowmagnitude frequencyrelationshipformountainousregionsofCentralandNorthwestEurope[J].Geomorphology,1996,15:259273.
[13] HungrO ,EvansSG ,HazzardJ.MagnitudeandfrequencyofrockfallsandrockslidesalongthemaintransportationcorridorsofSouthwesternBritishColumbia[J],Can.Geotech.J.,1999,36:224238.
[14] 谭万沛,王成华.暴雨泥石流滑坡的区域预测与预报———以攀西地区为例[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1994.1935.
[15] AuSWC .Rain inducedslopeinstabilityinHongKong[J].EngineeringGeology.1998,51:136.
[16] GEO .ReportontheShumWanRoadlandslideof13August1995[R].Vol.2.HongKong:GeotechnicalEngineeringOffice,1996.63.
[17] ChanWL .HongKongrainfallandlandslidein1994[R].GEOreport,No.54,HongKong:GeotechnicalEngineeringOffice,CivilEngineeringDepart ment,1996.1617.
[18] ChanYC ,PunWK ,WongHN ,LiACO ,YeeKC .Investigationofsomemajorslopefailuresbetween1992and1995[R].HongKong:GEORe port,No.52,1996.
[19] FinlayPJ ,FellR ,MaguireP .Therelationshipbetweentheprobabilityoflandslideoccurrenceandrainfall[J].Can.Geotech.J.,1997,34:811824.
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