“5·12”汶川地震对土石坝的损害及应急处置
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摘要
基于四川汶川地震灾区开展水库震损核查工作的实践,归纳了土石坝的震损现象,指出了各自的危害,初步分析了产生的原因,提出了应急处置措施,包括实际已采取的措施,以及从专业理论角度考虑可以采用的措施,针对有关研究和震区水利工作提出了建议。由于不可能在短期内对震损大坝做到彻底加固,每个震损工程都由地方政府领导作为责任人,配备专人观察水库的运行情况和震损现象的发展,制定了水库下游人员撤离的预案,以防止大坝溃决造成人员伤亡。
Based on check results of reservoir damage in the earthquake-striken area of Sichuan Province by Wenchaun Earthquake,the earthquake-damaged phenomenon of earth-rock dams are summarized and correspondent hazards are pointed out.The causes of various damages are preliminarily analyzed and the correspondent treatment measures are proposed,including the actually adopted measures and the available measures in theory,some suggestions are put forward for correlative research and water conservancy work in the earthquake-striken area.It is impossible to thoroughly reinforce the earthquake-damaged reservoirs in a short-term period,thus local government leaders have been appointed as responsibility persons for each earthquake-damaged project,special personnel have been assigned to observe the operation condition of reservoirs and the development of earthquake-damaged phenomenon,and evacuation preplans for the downstream of reservoirs have been worked out to prevent dam failures and casualties.
Based on check results of reservoir damage in the earthquake-striken area of Sichuan Province by Wenchaun Earthquake,the earthquake-damaged phenomenon of earth-rock dams are summarized and correspondent hazards are pointed out.The causes of various damages are preliminarily analyzed and the correspondent treatment measures are proposed,including the actually adopted measures and the available measures in theory,some suggestions are put forward for correlative research and water conservancy work in the earthquake-striken area.It is impossible to thoroughly reinforce the earthquake-damaged reservoirs in a short-term period,thus local government leaders have been appointed as responsibility persons for each earthquake-damaged project,special personnel have been assigned to observe the operation condition of reservoirs and the development of earthquake-damaged phenomenon,and evacuation preplans for the downstream of reservoirs have been worked out to prevent dam failures and casualties.
引文
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