中国大陆科学钻探孔区全观式三维地震采集
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摘要
大陆科学钻探不仅是打一口钻,而是深部钻探同地球物理遥测结合起来的相互反馈系统,这里地球物理遥测主要是指三维深反射地震.中国大陆科学钻探孔区三维地震调查是大陆科学钻探工程的一项重要内容.在数据采集中提出了全观式三维地震调查新技术,它是指排列不滚动的三维地震调查,即将地震检波器铺满全部测区的一种地震采集方法,尤其适合于有限面积的三维地震工作.这种方法的优点是:(1)快速高效;(2)叠加次数高;(3)与常规三维地震相比成本大幅度减少.在中国大陆科学钻探孔区内进行的全观式三维地震测量,全面实现了预期目标,包括:(1)配合钻探查明孔区地质构造,将钻探的一孔之见扩展到深6000m、长宽超过3000m的三维岩柱;(2)提供高精度定位的地壳反射体以供标定;(3)发现中、下地壳及地幔内的反射体等.
Continental scientific drilling does not means only making a hole,but means to form a feedback system of deep drilling technology and geophysical telemetry that is mainly 3-D seismic survey.Seismic reflection investigations have been carried out for the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project(CCSDP) as an important item.We designed a new method,called all-laid-out three-dimensional survey,for the 3-D seismic investigation at the CCSD drilling site.The new method does not roll shot-geophone configuration during the survey,i.e.,lays out geophones all over the survey area,very proper for 3-D seismic survey in small areas.The advantages of the new method include(1) high efficiency and saving time;(2) high stack fold numbers;and(3) greatly reducing the survey cost.The experiment with the method at the CCSD site completes all the aims of the 3-D survey,including(1) locating geological structures around the CCSD main hole of 5000m;(2) providing highly-accurate 3-D reflectors for future calibration,and(3) finding deep reflectors in the lower crust and mantle.
Continental scientific drilling does not means only making a hole,but means to form a feedback system of deep drilling technology and geophysical telemetry that is mainly 3-D seismic survey.Seismic reflection investigations have been carried out for the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Project(CCSDP) as an important item.We designed a new method,called all-laid-out three-dimensional survey,for the 3-D seismic investigation at the CCSD drilling site.The new method does not roll shot-geophone configuration during the survey,i.e.,lays out geophones all over the survey area,very proper for 3-D seismic survey in small areas.The advantages of the new method include(1) high efficiency and saving time;(2) high stack fold numbers;and(3) greatly reducing the survey cost.The experiment with the method at the CCSD site completes all the aims of the 3-D survey,including(1) locating geological structures around the CCSD main hole of 5000m;(2) providing highly-accurate 3-D reflectors for future calibration,and(3) finding deep reflectors in the lower crust and mantle.
引文
[1]杨文采,程振炎,张春贺.中国科学钻探选址地球物理调查与大别—苏鲁岩石圈.地球学报,2003,24(5):391~404Yang W C,Cheng Z Y,Zhang C H.Geophysical investigation forsite_selection of Chinese continental scientific drilling and Dabie_Sululithosphere.Acta Geoscientia Sinica(in Chinese),2003,24(5):391~404
[2]杨文采,张春贺,朱光明.标定大陆科学钻探孔区地震反射体.地球物理学报,2002,45(3):370~384Yang W C,Zhang C H,Zhu G M.Calibration of seismic reflectorsinferred from observations at the Chinese continental drilling area.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(3):386~392
[3]杨文采,杨午阳,程振炎.中国大陆科学钻探孔区三维地震资料的初步解释.岩石学报,2004,20(1):127~138Yang W C,Yang W Y,Cheng Z Y,et al.Interpretation of 3_Dseismic reflectin data in the Chinese Continental Scientific Drillingsite.Acta Petrologica Sinica(in Chinese),2004,20(1):127~138
[4]Cong B,Wang Q,Zhai M,et al.UHP metamorphic rocks in theDabie_Sulu region,China:their formation and exhumation.IslandArc,1994,3:135~150
[5]Liou J G,Maruyama S,Ernst W G.Seeing a mountain in a grain ofgarnet.Science,1997,27(4):48~49
[6]Ernst W G,Maruyama S,Wallis S.Buoyancy_driven,rapidexhumation of ultrahigh_pressure metamorphosed continental crust.Proc.National Academy of Sciences,1997,94:9532~9537
[7]Hacker B R,Sharp T,Zhang R Y,et al.Determining the origin ofultra_high pressure lherzolites.Science,1997,278(10):702~704
[8]许志琴,张泽民,刘福来等.中国大陆科学钻探主孔1200米构造柱及变形构造初步解析.岩石学报,2004,20(1):53~72Xu Z Q,Zhang Z M,Liu F L,et al.The structure profile of 0~1200m in the main borehole,Chinese Continental Scientific Drillingand its preliminary deformation analysis.Acta Petrologica Sinica(inChinese),2004,20(1):53~72
[9]杨文采,胡振远,程振炎等.郯城—涟水综合地球物理剖面.地球物理学报,1999,42(2):206~217Yang W C,Hu Z Y,Cheng Z Y,et al.Long profile of geophysicalinvestigations from Tancheng to Lianshui,east_central China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1999,42(2):206~217
[10]杨文采,程振炎,陈国九等.苏鲁超高压变质带北部地球物理调查(I)—深反射地震.地球物理学报,1999,42(1):41~52Yang W C,Cheng Z Y,Chen G J,et al.Geophysical investigationsof northern Sulu UHPM belt(I):Deep seismic reflection.ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),1999,42(1):41~52
[11]杨文采,方慧,程振炎等.苏鲁超高压变质带北部地球物理调查(II)—非地震方法.地球物理学报,1999,42(4):508~519Yang W C,Fang H,Cheng Z Y,et al.Geophysical investigations ofnorthern Sulu UHPM belt(II):Non_seismic methods.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1999,42(4):508~519
[12]姜枚,王有学,宿和平.宽频地震方法技术在地震探测工作中的应用.地质学报,2003,22(7):536~539Jiang M,Wang Y X,Su H P.Wide_frequency teleseisand itsapplication to seismic exploration.Acta Geologica Sinaca(inChinese),2003,22(7):536~539
[13]Yang W C.Crustal structure and development of Dabie UHPMTerrane in East_Central China.Continental Dynamics,1998,3(1~2):86~95
[14]Yang W C.Analysis of deep intracontinental subduction.Episodes,2000,23(1):20~24
[15]Yang W C.Geophysical profiling across the Sulu ultra_high_pressuremetamorphic belt,Eastern China.Tectonophysics,2002,354:277~288
[16]Yang W C.Flat mantle reflectors in eastern China:possible evidenceof lithospheric thinning.Tectonophysics,2003,369(3_4):219~230
[17]杨文采,杨午阳,金振民等.苏鲁超高压变质带岩石圈地震组构.中国科学,2004,34(4):307~319Yang W C,Yang W Y,Jin Z M,et al.Lithospheric seismic fabricsof Sulu ultrahigh_pressure metamorphic belt.Science in China,2005,48(5):585~600
[18]杨文采,汪集.苏鲁地区地壳岩浆底侵的地球物理判识.地质学报,2002,76(2):173~179Yang W C,Wang J Y.Geophysical evidences for crustal magmaticunderplating in Sulu area.Acta Geologica Sinica(in Chinese),2002,76(2):173~179
[19]Kern H,Jin Z,Gao S,et al.Physical properties of UHPM rocksfrom the Sulu terrain,eastern central China:implications for theseismic structure at Donghai(CCSD)drilling site.Tectonophysics,2002,354:315~330
[20]陈意,金振民,欧新功等.韧性剪切带中片麻岩和超高压榴辉岩变形特征及其与地震波速各向异性的关系.岩石学报,2004,20(1):97~108Chen Y,Jin Z M,Ou X G,et al.Deformation features of gneiss andUHP eclogite from ductile shear zone and its relation with seismicvelocity anisotroph:Evidences from core samples at depth of 680~1200m of CCSD.Acta Petrologica Sinica(in Chinese),2004,20(1):97~108
[21]杨文采,张春贺,黄秋平等.线形区域的主辅线反射地震调查方法.地球物理学报,2005,48(6):1325~1335Yang W C,Zhang C H,Huang Q P,et al.Additional_observationseismic reflection method for investigation of linear areas.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(6):1325~1335
[22]杨文采,杨午阳,程振炎.中国大陆科学钻探孔区的地震波速模型.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):477~489Yang W C,Yang W Y,Cheng Z Y.Seismic velocity model for theChinese continental scientific drilling site.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2006,49(2):477~489
[2]杨文采,张春贺,朱光明.标定大陆科学钻探孔区地震反射体.地球物理学报,2002,45(3):370~384Yang W C,Zhang C H,Zhu G M.Calibration of seismic reflectorsinferred from observations at the Chinese continental drilling area.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(3):386~392
[3]杨文采,杨午阳,程振炎.中国大陆科学钻探孔区三维地震资料的初步解释.岩石学报,2004,20(1):127~138Yang W C,Yang W Y,Cheng Z Y,et al.Interpretation of 3_Dseismic reflectin data in the Chinese Continental Scientific Drillingsite.Acta Petrologica Sinica(in Chinese),2004,20(1):127~138
[4]Cong B,Wang Q,Zhai M,et al.UHP metamorphic rocks in theDabie_Sulu region,China:their formation and exhumation.IslandArc,1994,3:135~150
[5]Liou J G,Maruyama S,Ernst W G.Seeing a mountain in a grain ofgarnet.Science,1997,27(4):48~49
[6]Ernst W G,Maruyama S,Wallis S.Buoyancy_driven,rapidexhumation of ultrahigh_pressure metamorphosed continental crust.Proc.National Academy of Sciences,1997,94:9532~9537
[7]Hacker B R,Sharp T,Zhang R Y,et al.Determining the origin ofultra_high pressure lherzolites.Science,1997,278(10):702~704
[8]许志琴,张泽民,刘福来等.中国大陆科学钻探主孔1200米构造柱及变形构造初步解析.岩石学报,2004,20(1):53~72Xu Z Q,Zhang Z M,Liu F L,et al.The structure profile of 0~1200m in the main borehole,Chinese Continental Scientific Drillingand its preliminary deformation analysis.Acta Petrologica Sinica(inChinese),2004,20(1):53~72
[9]杨文采,胡振远,程振炎等.郯城—涟水综合地球物理剖面.地球物理学报,1999,42(2):206~217Yang W C,Hu Z Y,Cheng Z Y,et al.Long profile of geophysicalinvestigations from Tancheng to Lianshui,east_central China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1999,42(2):206~217
[10]杨文采,程振炎,陈国九等.苏鲁超高压变质带北部地球物理调查(I)—深反射地震.地球物理学报,1999,42(1):41~52Yang W C,Cheng Z Y,Chen G J,et al.Geophysical investigationsof northern Sulu UHPM belt(I):Deep seismic reflection.ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),1999,42(1):41~52
[11]杨文采,方慧,程振炎等.苏鲁超高压变质带北部地球物理调查(II)—非地震方法.地球物理学报,1999,42(4):508~519Yang W C,Fang H,Cheng Z Y,et al.Geophysical investigations ofnorthern Sulu UHPM belt(II):Non_seismic methods.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1999,42(4):508~519
[12]姜枚,王有学,宿和平.宽频地震方法技术在地震探测工作中的应用.地质学报,2003,22(7):536~539Jiang M,Wang Y X,Su H P.Wide_frequency teleseisand itsapplication to seismic exploration.Acta Geologica Sinaca(inChinese),2003,22(7):536~539
[13]Yang W C.Crustal structure and development of Dabie UHPMTerrane in East_Central China.Continental Dynamics,1998,3(1~2):86~95
[14]Yang W C.Analysis of deep intracontinental subduction.Episodes,2000,23(1):20~24
[15]Yang W C.Geophysical profiling across the Sulu ultra_high_pressuremetamorphic belt,Eastern China.Tectonophysics,2002,354:277~288
[16]Yang W C.Flat mantle reflectors in eastern China:possible evidenceof lithospheric thinning.Tectonophysics,2003,369(3_4):219~230
[17]杨文采,杨午阳,金振民等.苏鲁超高压变质带岩石圈地震组构.中国科学,2004,34(4):307~319Yang W C,Yang W Y,Jin Z M,et al.Lithospheric seismic fabricsof Sulu ultrahigh_pressure metamorphic belt.Science in China,2005,48(5):585~600
[18]杨文采,汪集.苏鲁地区地壳岩浆底侵的地球物理判识.地质学报,2002,76(2):173~179Yang W C,Wang J Y.Geophysical evidences for crustal magmaticunderplating in Sulu area.Acta Geologica Sinica(in Chinese),2002,76(2):173~179
[19]Kern H,Jin Z,Gao S,et al.Physical properties of UHPM rocksfrom the Sulu terrain,eastern central China:implications for theseismic structure at Donghai(CCSD)drilling site.Tectonophysics,2002,354:315~330
[20]陈意,金振民,欧新功等.韧性剪切带中片麻岩和超高压榴辉岩变形特征及其与地震波速各向异性的关系.岩石学报,2004,20(1):97~108Chen Y,Jin Z M,Ou X G,et al.Deformation features of gneiss andUHP eclogite from ductile shear zone and its relation with seismicvelocity anisotroph:Evidences from core samples at depth of 680~1200m of CCSD.Acta Petrologica Sinica(in Chinese),2004,20(1):97~108
[21]杨文采,张春贺,黄秋平等.线形区域的主辅线反射地震调查方法.地球物理学报,2005,48(6):1325~1335Yang W C,Zhang C H,Huang Q P,et al.Additional_observationseismic reflection method for investigation of linear areas.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(6):1325~1335
[22]杨文采,杨午阳,程振炎.中国大陆科学钻探孔区的地震波速模型.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):477~489Yang W C,Yang W Y,Cheng Z Y.Seismic velocity model for theChinese continental scientific drilling site.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),2006,49(2):477~489
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