三维地震技术在探测煤矿腔状采空区中的应用
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摘要
采用三维地震勘探方法对采空区进行勘探,虽积累了大量的经验,但在实际应用中,解释误差依然存在,尤其是煤层顶板悬空,并在一定范围内呈"腔状"类型的采空区,会出现较高的"漏检率"。为此根据实际地层序列设计了地质模型,对采空区的地震反射波场特征进行了研究。将腔状采空区充气、充水时的正演地震剖面,与煤层开采前正常地层波场响应特征进行对比发现,煤层开采后将会产生比正常波场能量更强的反射波组。另外根据腔状采空区充水和充气反射波最大振幅及反射波频谱对比结果,还发现充气时产生的反射波能量比充水时产生的反射波能量强;充气时产生的反射波频率比充水时产生的反射波频率要低。山西左权佳瑞煤业有限公司的应用实例佐证了三维地震勘探技术探测腔状采空区的有效性。
Although the 3D seismic prospecting is already used in gob area detection and has summed up a wealth of experiences,but in practices,interpretation miscarriages still existed.Especially when coal roof is hanged in the air,presented "cavity-shaped" gob area in certain extent will come forth higher "omission rate",thus has designed a geological model based on practical strata sequence and carried out seismic reflection wave field characteristics study.After contrasted forward seismic sections of air and water filled cavity-shaped gob areas with normal strata wave field response characteristics before mining has found that coal seam after mining will produce stronger energy reflection wave group than normal wave field.Besides,according to contrasted result of air and water filled cavity-shaped gob area maximum reflection amplitude and reflection spectrum,also found reflection energy of gob area filled with air is stronger than filled with water;while the reflection frequency of filled with air is lower than filled of water.A case study of Jiarui Coal Industry Co.Ltd.,Zuoquan,Shanxi is an effectiveness proof of 3D seismic prospecting technology used in cavity-shaped gob area detection.
Although the 3D seismic prospecting is already used in gob area detection and has summed up a wealth of experiences,but in practices,interpretation miscarriages still existed.Especially when coal roof is hanged in the air,presented "cavity-shaped" gob area in certain extent will come forth higher "omission rate",thus has designed a geological model based on practical strata sequence and carried out seismic reflection wave field characteristics study.After contrasted forward seismic sections of air and water filled cavity-shaped gob areas with normal strata wave field response characteristics before mining has found that coal seam after mining will produce stronger energy reflection wave group than normal wave field.Besides,according to contrasted result of air and water filled cavity-shaped gob area maximum reflection amplitude and reflection spectrum,also found reflection energy of gob area filled with air is stronger than filled with water;while the reflection frequency of filled with air is lower than filled of water.A case study of Jiarui Coal Industry Co.Ltd.,Zuoquan,Shanxi is an effectiveness proof of 3D seismic prospecting technology used in cavity-shaped gob area detection.
引文
[1]陆基孟.地震勘探原理[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社,1993.
[2]高俊良,段建华,郭粤莲.综合物探技术在探测煤矿采空及其富水性中的应用[J].中国煤炭地质,2007,19(S2):111-113.
[3]程久龙.矿山采动裂隙岩体地球物理特征研究及工程应用[D].江苏徐州:中国矿业大学,2005.
[2]高俊良,段建华,郭粤莲.综合物探技术在探测煤矿采空及其富水性中的应用[J].中国煤炭地质,2007,19(S2):111-113.
[3]程久龙.矿山采动裂隙岩体地球物理特征研究及工程应用[D].江苏徐州:中国矿业大学,2005.
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