喜马拉雅块体现今运动学特征的地震矩张量反演分析
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摘要
利用地震矩张量反演计算了喜马拉雅块体地震主应变率、应变率主方向以及变形速率 ,探讨了喜马拉雅块体现今形变特征 ,并与GPS形变监测结果以及地质结果进行了比较分析。地震矩张量反演结果表明 ,喜马拉雅块体不仅有南北向的压缩变形 ,而且有显著的东西向拉张运动 ,其变形量级与GPS形变监测结果、地质资料得出的结果基本一致 ,与珠峰地区GPS计算结果获得的该地区的应变趋势基本一致
In this paper,approximate average rate of deformation in the Himalaya Block is determined,based on the seismic moment tensors between 1900 and 1999,the seismic strain rate and its direction associated with the seismic deformation using 15 earthquakes are also determined.The shortening and extension rates from GPS data and geological data for the Himalaya Block are compared with above results.As a result,the deformation rates from seismic moment tensors and from GPS velocities and geological data basically agree with each other.It is not only of compressional deformation in N_S direction but also of obvious E_W extension deformation.It is viable for analyzing earthquake potential by comparing with geodetic strain rate and seismic strain rate based on the opinion that strain energy will have been released through earthquake.
In this paper,approximate average rate of deformation in the Himalaya Block is determined,based on the seismic moment tensors between 1900 and 1999,the seismic strain rate and its direction associated with the seismic deformation using 15 earthquakes are also determined.The shortening and extension rates from GPS data and geological data for the Himalaya Block are compared with above results.As a result,the deformation rates from seismic moment tensors and from GPS velocities and geological data basically agree with each other.It is not only of compressional deformation in N_S direction but also of obvious E_W extension deformation.It is viable for analyzing earthquake potential by comparing with geodetic strain rate and seismic strain rate based on the opinion that strain energy will have been released through earthquake.
引文
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13 ArmijoR .QuaternaryExtensioninSouthernTibet:FieldObservationsandTectonicImplications.J .Geo phys.Res.,1986,91:13803～13872
14 MolnarP ,Lyon_CaenH .FaultPlaneSolutionsofEarth quakesandActiveTectonicsoftheTibetanPlateauandItsMargins.Geophys.J .Int.,1989,99:123～153
2 王 琪,张培震,牛之俊,等.中国大陆现今地壳运动和构造变形.中国科学(D辑),2001,31(7):529～535
3 BilhamR ,LarsonK ,FreymuellerJ,etal.GPSMeasure mentsofPresentDayConvergenceRatesintheNapelHimalaya.Nature,1997,336:61～64
4 LarsonKM ,BurgmannR ,BilhamR ,etal.KinematicsoftheIndia_EurasiaCollisionZonefromGPSMeasure ments.J .Geophys.Res.,1999,104(B1):1077～1093
5 BeavanJ ,HainesJ .ContemporaryHorizontalVelocityandStrainRateFieldsofthePacific_AustralianPlateBoundaryZonethroughNewZealand.J .Geophys.Res.,2001(106):741～770
6 AkiK .GenerationandPropagationofGWavesfromtheNiigataEarthquakeofJune16,1964,2,EstimationofEarthquakeMoment,ReleasedEnergy,andStress_strainDropfromGWaveSpectrum.Bull.EarthquakeRes.In st.,1966(44):73～88
7 KostrovVV .SeismicMoment,EnergyofEarthquakes,andtheSeismicFlowofRock.IZV .Acad.Sci.USSRPhys.SolidEarth,Engl.Transl,1974,10:23～44
8 刘经南,许才军,宋成骅,等.精密GPS多期复测研究青藏高原现今地壳运动与应变.科学通报,2000,45(24):2658～2663
9 MolnarP ,DengQ .FaultingAssociatedwithLargeEarthquakesandtheAverageRateofDeformationinCentralandEasternAsia.J .Geophys.Res.,1984,89:6203～6228
10 JacksonJA ,McKenzieDP .TheRelationshipbetweenPlateMotionsandSeismicMomentTensors,andtheRatesofActiveDeformationintheMediterraneanandMiddleEast.Geophy.J.R .Astron.Soc.,1988,93:45～73
11 HoltWE ,HainesAJ .VelocityFieldinDeformingAsiafromInversionofEarthquakeReleasedStrains.Tecton ics,1993,12:1～20
12 HoltWE ,LiM ,HainesAJ .EarthquakeStrainsRatesandInstantaneousRelativeMotionswithinCentralandEasternAsia.Geophys.J.Int.,1995,122:569～593
13 ArmijoR .QuaternaryExtensioninSouthernTibet:FieldObservationsandTectonicImplications.J .Geo phys.Res.,1986,91:13803～13872
14 MolnarP ,Lyon_CaenH .FaultPlaneSolutionsofEarth quakesandActiveTectonicsoftheTibetanPlateauandItsMargins.Geophys.J .Int.,1989,99:123～153
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