结构动力模型试验相似理论及其验证
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摘要
通过几何比尺为2的两个有机玻璃模型的结构动力试验,验证了结构动力模型试验的弹性相似律和弹性力—重力相似律。得到了以下结论:(1)大小模型频率符合相似律,一阶频率误差为2.7%、4.1%,二阶频率误差为0、6.05%。弹性相似律比弹性力—重力相似律更适合于频率预测的试验。(2)大小模型的加速度、应变符合相似律,弹性相似律的加速度误差为-1.55%～8.75%,应变误差为0.377%～7.297%。弹性力—重力相似律的加速度误差为3.07%～4.158%,应变误差为6.849%～12.959%。(3)不同相似律大小模型的时间比尺吻合很好。加速度与应变时程曲线的波形一致,既无漏峰也无错峰。
Based on the shaking table test of two perspex model that the scale factor of geometry is 2.0, the similitude laws between the prototype and the model for dynamic structural model test have been validated. The similitude laws include elasticity similitude law and elasticity-gravity law. The conclusions are (1) The scale factor of frequency between large and small perspex model test accord with similitude law basically. The error of primary frequency is 2.7% or 4.1%, the error of the second frequency is 0 or 6.05%. The elasticity similitude law is better than elasticity-gravity law for predict the prototype frequency form model test result. (2) The scale factors of accelerations and strains also accord with similitude law basically. Using elasticity similitude law, the errors of acceleration is form 1.55% to 8.75%, the strain errors is form 0.377% to 7.297%. Using elasticity-gravity similitude law, the acceleration errors is form 3.07% to 4.158%, the strain errors is form 6.849% to 12.959%. (3) The acceleration history and strain history between large and small model accord with scale factor of time completely in either elasticity similitude law or elasticity-gravity law. The peaks and vales of the both histories agree with each other.
Based on the shaking table test of two perspex model that the scale factor of geometry is 2.0, the similitude laws between the prototype and the model for dynamic structural model test have been validated. The similitude laws include elasticity similitude law and elasticity-gravity law. The conclusions are (1) The scale factor of frequency between large and small perspex model test accord with similitude law basically. The error of primary frequency is 2.7% or 4.1%, the error of the second frequency is 0 or 6.05%. The elasticity similitude law is better than elasticity-gravity law for predict the prototype frequency form model test result. (2) The scale factors of accelerations and strains also accord with similitude law basically. Using elasticity similitude law, the errors of acceleration is form 1.55% to 8.75%, the strain errors is form 0.377% to 7.297%. Using elasticity-gravity similitude law, the acceleration errors is form 3.07% to 4.158%, the strain errors is form 6.849% to 12.959%. (3) The acceleration history and strain history between large and small model accord with scale factor of time completely in either elasticity similitude law or elasticity-gravity law. The peaks and vales of the both histories agree with each other.
引文
[1] 黄维平,邬瑞锋,张前国.配重不足时的动力试验模型与原型相似关系问题的探讨[J].地震工程与工程振动,1994,14(4):65-71.
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[4] 张昕,周德源,等,某高层建筑结构模型振动台试验研究及有限元分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(3):37-43.
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[6] 高向宇,周福霖,等.带有转换层的大底盘多塔楼结构模型振动台试验研究[J].建筑结构,1998,28(12):7-11.
[2] 张敏政.地震模拟实验中的相似律应用的若干问题[J].地震工程与工程振动,1996,17(2):52-58.
[3] 林皋,朱彤,林蓓.结构动力模型试验的相似技巧[J].大连理工大学学报,2000,40(1):1-8.
[4] 张昕,周德源,等,某高层建筑结构模型振动台试验研究及有限元分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,1999,19(3):37-43.
[5] 薛彦涛,赵国扬.高层结构抗震模型试验[J].建筑结构,1997,27(6):48-51.
[6] 高向宇,周福霖,等.带有转换层的大底盘多塔楼结构模型振动台试验研究[J].建筑结构,1998,28(12):7-11.
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