摘要
•We explore ethnic-based participation in development and resource governance.•We examine the law-making process around FPIC in Bolivia.•We identify unintended social consequences from the new legal framework.•FPIC is not a neutral or a political exercise that automatically improves democratic governance.•Consistency around FPIC goals and means would reduce social tensions around implementation.•Strengthening local institutions is as crucial as expanding participation within FPIC.