储能多功能模式运行优化研究
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摘要
近年来电池储能进入了爆发式增长期。储能获利能力受复杂条件、市场机制不成熟的影响,单一模式既存在储能收益预期不确定风险,又限制了灵活功率调节和能量搬移双重能力的发挥。文章提出储能多功能综合运行模式,在合适的电池和变流器容量配比下,利用最优充放电深度在电价低谷时段进行充电、峰值时段进行放电,从而得到电价差收益,剩余电量发挥应急备用价值;在平价时段,共用变流器容量参与调频市场,提高变流器和储能电池的利用率,以多种方式综合获利来提高整体收益。通过仿真分析,对比了不同价格参数和储容配置下各模式运行可行性,结果表明储能多功能综合运行模式下的净收益有显著提升。
The profitability of battery storage is affected by its complex conditions and immature market.However,immature market in a single mode have not only brought uncertainty to its net incoming expectation,but also restricted its double abilities of flexible power regulation and energy carrying.The multiple functional operation is proposed in the paper.Given proper ratio of battery and converter capacity,the storage system usually operates in the peak regulation mode,taking advantage of TOU electricity price,and provides frequency capacity and regulation service during ordinary periods,improving the use ratio of converters and batteries,and furthermore,works as a UPS,using abundant electricity reserve.By this way,the net incoming of the storage system could be improved.Case studies analyze the feasibility of various operation mode given different preconditions.Compared with the single operation mode,the proposed multiple functional operation could improve the net incoming to a large degree.
The profitability of battery storage is affected by its complex conditions and immature market.However,immature market in a single mode have not only brought uncertainty to its net incoming expectation,but also restricted its double abilities of flexible power regulation and energy carrying.The multiple functional operation is proposed in the paper.Given proper ratio of battery and converter capacity,the storage system usually operates in the peak regulation mode,taking advantage of TOU electricity price,and provides frequency capacity and regulation service during ordinary periods,improving the use ratio of converters and batteries,and furthermore,works as a UPS,using abundant electricity reserve.By this way,the net incoming of the storage system could be improved.Case studies analyze the feasibility of various operation mode given different preconditions.Compared with the single operation mode,the proposed multiple functional operation could improve the net incoming to a large degree.
引文
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[17]牛阳,张峰,张辉,等.提升火电机组AGC性能的混合储能优化控制与容量规划[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(10):38-45,83.NIU Yang,ZHANG Feng,ZHANG Hui,et al.Optimal control strategy and capacity planning of hybrid energy storage system for improving AGC performance of thermal power units[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(10):38-45,83.
[18]黎淑娟,李欣然,黄际元,等.面向电网全调频过程的高倍率钛酸锂电池容量配置[J].高电压技术,2018,44(1):145-151.LI Shujuan,LI Xinran,HUANG Jiyuan,et al.Capacity configuration of lithium titanate battery in whole grid frequency regulation based on rate characteristic[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(1):145-151.
[19]陆凌蓉,文福拴,薛禹胜,等.电动汽车提供辅助服务的经济性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(14):43-49,58.LU Lingrong,WEN Fushuan,XUE Yusheng,et al.Economic analysis of ancillary service provision by plugin electric vehicles[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(14):43-49,58.
[20]孙鸣,桂旭.可向特定负荷定时限独立供电的储能系统优化配置[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(14):115-122.SUN Ming,GUI Xu.Optimal configuration of battery energy storage system providing independent power supply for specific load during certain time[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(14):115-122.
[21]宾洋,于静美,朱英凯,等.实时雨流计数法及其在钴酸锂电池健康状态建模中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(12):3627-3635,3692.BIN Yang,YU Jingmei,ZHU Yingkai,et al.A realtime rain flow algorithm and its application to state of health modeling for Li Co O2 lithium-ion batteries[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(12):3627-3635,3692.
[22]李蕊,李跃,苏剑,等.配电网重要电力用户停电损失及应急策略[J].电网技术,2011,35(10):170-176.LI Rui,LI Yue,SU Jian,et al.Power supply interruption cost of important power consumers in distribution network and its emergency management[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(10):170-176.
[2]中关村储能产业技术联盟.储能产业研究白皮书[EB/OL].[2018-04-01].http://esresearch.com.cn/#/res Report/Rdetail.
[3]李建林,马会萌,袁晓冬,等.规模化分布式储能的关键应用技术研究综述[J].电网技术,2017,41(10):3365-3375.LI Jianlin,MA Huimeng,YUAN Xiaodong,et al.Overview on key applied technologies of large-scale distributed energy storage[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(10):3365-3375.
[4]胡娟,杨水丽,侯朝勇,等.规模化储能技术典型示范应用的现状分析与启示[J].电网技术,2015,39(4):879-885.HU Juan,YANG Shuili,HOU Chaoyong,et al.Present condition analysis on typical demonstration application of large-scale energy storage technology and its enlightenment[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(4):879-885.
[5]孙冰莹,杨水丽,刘宗歧,等.国内外兆瓦级储能调频示范应用现状分析与启示[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(11):8-16,38.SUN Bingying,YANG Shuili,LIU Zongqi,et al.Analysis on present application of megawatt-scale energy storage in frequency regulation and its enlightenment[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(11):8-16,38.
[6]杨锡运,董德华,李相俊,等.商业园区储能系统削峰填谷的有功功率协调控制策略[J].电网技术,2018,42(8):2551-2561.YANG Xiyun,DONG Dehua,LI Xiangjun,et al.Active power coordinated control strategy of peak load shifting for energy storage system in business park[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(8):2551-2561.
[7]薛金花,叶季蕾,陶琼,等.采用全寿命周期成本模型的用户侧电池储能经济可行性研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(8):2471-2476.XUE Jinhua,YE Jilei,TAO Qiong,et al.Economic feasibility of user-side battery energy storage based on wholelife-cycle cost model[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(8):2471-2476.
[8]TENG F,PUDJIANTO D,STRBAC G,et al.Potential value of energy storage in the UK electricity system[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Energy,2015,168(2):107-117.
[9]颜志敏,王承民,连鸿波,等.计及缺电成本的用户侧蓄电池储能系统容量规划[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(11):50-54.YAN Zhimin,WANG Chengmin,LIAN Hongbo,et al.Capacity plan of battery energy storage system in user side considering power outage cost[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(11):50-54.
[10]向育鹏,卫志农,孙国强,等.基于全寿命周期成本的配电网蓄电池储能系统的优化配置[J].电网技术,2015,39(1):264-270.XIANG Yupeng,WEI Zhinong,SUN Guoqiang,et al.Life cycle cost based optimal configuration of battery energy storage system in distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(1):264-270.
[11]HOPKINS M D,PAHWA A,EASTON T.Intelligent dispatch for distributed renewable resources[J].IEEETransactions on Smart Grid,2012,3(2):1047-1054.
[12]DEBOEVER J,GRIJALVA S.Optimal scheduling of largescale price-maker energy storage[C]//2016 IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois(PECI),19-20 Feb.2016,Urbana,IL,USA,2016:1-6.
[13]VAN DER KLAUW T,HURINK J,SMIT G.Scheduling of electricity storage for peak shaving with minimal device wear[J].Energies,2016,9(6):465.
[14]陈达鹏,荆朝霞.美国调频辅助服务市场的调频补偿机制分析[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(18):1-9.CHEN Dapeng,JING Zhaoxia.Analysis of frequency modulation compensation mechanism in frequency modulation ancillary service market of the United States[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(18):1-9.
[15]KO K S,HAN S,SUNG D K.Performance-based settlement of frequency regulation for electric vehicle aggregators[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2018,9(2):866-875.
[16]CHEN Y H,LEONARD R,KEYSER M,et al.Development of performance-based two-part regulating reserve compensation on MISO energy and ancillary service market[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2015,30(1):142-155.
[17]牛阳,张峰,张辉,等.提升火电机组AGC性能的混合储能优化控制与容量规划[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(10):38-45,83.NIU Yang,ZHANG Feng,ZHANG Hui,et al.Optimal control strategy and capacity planning of hybrid energy storage system for improving AGC performance of thermal power units[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(10):38-45,83.
[18]黎淑娟,李欣然,黄际元,等.面向电网全调频过程的高倍率钛酸锂电池容量配置[J].高电压技术,2018,44(1):145-151.LI Shujuan,LI Xinran,HUANG Jiyuan,et al.Capacity configuration of lithium titanate battery in whole grid frequency regulation based on rate characteristic[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(1):145-151.
[19]陆凌蓉,文福拴,薛禹胜,等.电动汽车提供辅助服务的经济性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(14):43-49,58.LU Lingrong,WEN Fushuan,XUE Yusheng,et al.Economic analysis of ancillary service provision by plugin electric vehicles[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(14):43-49,58.
[20]孙鸣,桂旭.可向特定负荷定时限独立供电的储能系统优化配置[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(14):115-122.SUN Ming,GUI Xu.Optimal configuration of battery energy storage system providing independent power supply for specific load during certain time[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(14):115-122.
[21]宾洋,于静美,朱英凯,等.实时雨流计数法及其在钴酸锂电池健康状态建模中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(12):3627-3635,3692.BIN Yang,YU Jingmei,ZHU Yingkai,et al.A realtime rain flow algorithm and its application to state of health modeling for Li Co O2 lithium-ion batteries[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(12):3627-3635,3692.
[22]李蕊,李跃,苏剑,等.配电网重要电力用户停电损失及应急策略[J].电网技术,2011,35(10):170-176.LI Rui,LI Yue,SU Jian,et al.Power supply interruption cost of important power consumers in distribution network and its emergency management[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(10):170-176.