基于黏性流理论对平板受波浪冲击的两相流数值研究
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摘要
【目的】研究波浪作用下位于水面上方的刚性平板所受冲击力特征,讨论数值计算结果与实验结果的差异。【方法】基于黏性流理论,采用有限体积(VOF)方法建立两相流数值波浪水槽模型,对潜堤地形上波浪传播变形和淹没水平圆柱在波浪作用下受力问题进行数值验证,对平板受波浪冲击作用进行数值模拟,通过平板下表面测点上点压力数值结果特征分析以及与前人实验数据对比,讨论结果差别原因,分析结果特征形成机理。【结果】潜堤地形上波浪传播变形的数值结果和前人实验数据吻合较好;对于波浪作用下平板的受力,相比前人实验数据,冲击力数值结果更大,且呈现出更稳定的周期性特征,沿波浪传播方向平板上的冲击力先增大后减小。【结论】建立的数值模型对波浪与结构物相互作用问题的模拟有高的精确性和稳定性。
【Objective】This study focuses on the slamming forces on a rigid horizontal deck over free surface under wave action. The reasons for the discrepancies between the numerical results and the previous experimental data are discussed. 【Method】A two-phase numerical wave tank model is developed based on the viscous fluid theory using the finite volume method. The accuracy of the NWT model is validated by considering wave propagation over a bar and wave force on a submerged horizontal circular cylinder. The pressure on the low surface of the horizontal deck under wave impact is studied compared with previous experimental results. The discrepancies among the results are found,corresponding reasons are analyzed, and the characteristic mechanisms of the pressure are revealed.【Result】The validation of wave propagation over a bar shows that the numerical results are in good agreement with the previous experimental data. The study on the slamming forces on the deck shows that the numerical results first increase, and then gradually decrease along the direction of wave propagation. Compared with the experimental data, the slamming forces predicted by the numerical simulation are larger and more stable in multiple periods. 【Conclusion】The numerical model works well in simulating wave-structure interaction.
【Objective】This study focuses on the slamming forces on a rigid horizontal deck over free surface under wave action. The reasons for the discrepancies between the numerical results and the previous experimental data are discussed. 【Method】A two-phase numerical wave tank model is developed based on the viscous fluid theory using the finite volume method. The accuracy of the NWT model is validated by considering wave propagation over a bar and wave force on a submerged horizontal circular cylinder. The pressure on the low surface of the horizontal deck under wave impact is studied compared with previous experimental results. The discrepancies among the results are found,corresponding reasons are analyzed, and the characteristic mechanisms of the pressure are revealed.【Result】The validation of wave propagation over a bar shows that the numerical results are in good agreement with the previous experimental data. The study on the slamming forces on the deck shows that the numerical results first increase, and then gradually decrease along the direction of wave propagation. Compared with the experimental data, the slamming forces predicted by the numerical simulation are larger and more stable in multiple periods. 【Conclusion】The numerical model works well in simulating wave-structure interaction.
引文
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[3]KAPLAN P,MURRAY J,YU W.Theoretical analysis of wave impact forces on platform deck structures[C].Copenhagen:International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering,1995,1(A):189-198.
[4]任冰.随机波浪对不同接岸型式码头上部结构的冲击作用研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2003.
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[12]FALTINSEN O M,GRECO M,LANDRINI M.Green water loading on FPSO[J].Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Artic Engineering,2002,124(2):94-103.
[13]WANG Y,REN B.Numerical simulation of wave slamming by turbulent model[C].Hong Kong:Proceedings of International Conference on Ocean Science and Technology,1997,251-259.
[14]任冰,王永学.非线性波浪对结构物的冲击作用[J].大连理工大学学报,1999,39(4):562-566.
[15]BAARHOLM R,FALTINSEN O M.A boundaryelement method for solving water impact on a platform deck[C].Lisbon:Proceedings of Offshore and Arctic Engineering Conference,ASME,2001.
[16]LI T Q,TROCH P,DEROUCK J,et al.Numerical simulation of water wave impacts on the underside of a horizontal deck using a Navier-Stokes solver[J].Coastal Engineering,2004,4:4100-4112.
[17]REN B,WANG Y X.Numerical simulation of random wave slamming on structures in the splash zone[J].Ocean Engineering,2004,31:547-559.
[18]SUN Z C,LIANG S X,REN X F,et al.A two-phase simulation of wave impact on a horizontal deck based on SPH method[J].Procedia Engineering,2015,116:428-435.
[19]WELLER H G,TABOR G,JASAK H,et al.A tensorial approach to computational continuum mechanics using object oriented techniques[J].Journal of Computational Physics,1998,12(6):620-631.
[20]JACOBSEN N G,FUHRMAN D R,FREDS?E J.Awave generation toolbox for the open-source CFDlibrary:Open FOAM[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids,2012,70:1073-1088.
[21]FENTON J D.A fifth-order Stokes theory for steady waves[J].Journal of Waterway,Port,Coastal and Ocean Engineering,1985,111:216-234.
[22]BEJI S,BATTJES J A.Experimental investigation of wave propagation over a bar[J].Coastal Engineering,1993,19:151-162.
[23]CHAPLIN J R.Non-linear forces on a horizontal cylinder beneath waves[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1984,147:449-464.
[2]KAPLAN P.Wave impact force on offshore structures:re-examination and new interpretations[C].Houston:Proceedings of Offshore Technology Conference,1992,6814:79-86.
[3]KAPLAN P,MURRAY J,YU W.Theoretical analysis of wave impact forces on platform deck structures[C].Copenhagen:International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering,1995,1(A):189-198.
[4]任冰.随机波浪对不同接岸型式码头上部结构的冲击作用研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2003.
[5]WAGNER H.Uber stoss-und gleitvorgange an der oberflache von flussigkeiten[J].Zeitschrift Für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik,1932,12(4):193-215.
[6]BAARHOLM R,FALTINSEN O M.Experimental and theoretical studies of wave impact on an idealized platform deck[C].New York:Proceedings of International Conference on Hydrodynamics,2000,181-186.
[7]BAARHOLM R,FALTINSEN O M,HERFJORD K.Water impact on decks of floating platforms[J].Practical Design of Ships and other Floating Structures,2001,1:621-627.
[8]BAARHOLM R.Theoretical and experimental studies of wave impact underneath decks of offshore platforms[D].Trondheim:Norwegian University of Science and Technology,2001
[9]WANG Y X,REN B.Experimental study of wave slamming[C].Lisbon:Proceedings of International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering,1998,OMAE98-0403.
[10]WANG Y X,REN B.Experimental study of irregular wave slamming[C].Kyushu:Proceedings of International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference,2002,492-495.
[11]BUCHNER B,COZIJIN J L.An investigation into the numerical simulation of green water[J].Marin,1997,113-125.
[12]FALTINSEN O M,GRECO M,LANDRINI M.Green water loading on FPSO[J].Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Artic Engineering,2002,124(2):94-103.
[13]WANG Y,REN B.Numerical simulation of wave slamming by turbulent model[C].Hong Kong:Proceedings of International Conference on Ocean Science and Technology,1997,251-259.
[14]任冰,王永学.非线性波浪对结构物的冲击作用[J].大连理工大学学报,1999,39(4):562-566.
[15]BAARHOLM R,FALTINSEN O M.A boundaryelement method for solving water impact on a platform deck[C].Lisbon:Proceedings of Offshore and Arctic Engineering Conference,ASME,2001.
[16]LI T Q,TROCH P,DEROUCK J,et al.Numerical simulation of water wave impacts on the underside of a horizontal deck using a Navier-Stokes solver[J].Coastal Engineering,2004,4:4100-4112.
[17]REN B,WANG Y X.Numerical simulation of random wave slamming on structures in the splash zone[J].Ocean Engineering,2004,31:547-559.
[18]SUN Z C,LIANG S X,REN X F,et al.A two-phase simulation of wave impact on a horizontal deck based on SPH method[J].Procedia Engineering,2015,116:428-435.
[19]WELLER H G,TABOR G,JASAK H,et al.A tensorial approach to computational continuum mechanics using object oriented techniques[J].Journal of Computational Physics,1998,12(6):620-631.
[20]JACOBSEN N G,FUHRMAN D R,FREDS?E J.Awave generation toolbox for the open-source CFDlibrary:Open FOAM[J].International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids,2012,70:1073-1088.
[21]FENTON J D.A fifth-order Stokes theory for steady waves[J].Journal of Waterway,Port,Coastal and Ocean Engineering,1985,111:216-234.
[22]BEJI S,BATTJES J A.Experimental investigation of wave propagation over a bar[J].Coastal Engineering,1993,19:151-162.
[23]CHAPLIN J R.Non-linear forces on a horizontal cylinder beneath waves[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,1984,147:449-464.