通勤交通方式链适应性评价与优化导向
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摘要
从通勤者视角,将通勤距离分为长、中、短3组,采用统一的出行时耗可接受度评价标准,从门到门行程速度、广义成本、可靠性、满意度和选择比例分别分析不同通勤距离分组下各方式链的行程速度、可靠性、广义成本与满意度相关性,基于相关性分析结果建立适应性好的方式链判断标准.根据这一判断原则,挑选出通勤距离分组下适应性好的方式链类型,以适应性好的方式链所具有的特征指标为参照对象、公共交通优先发展为约束条件,提出通勤距离长、中、短分组中各交通方式链优化导向,为通勤交通服务质量的改善提供决策参考.
From the perspective of commuters, the commuting distance was divided into three groups including long, medium and short commuting distance and a unified evaluation criteria about the acceptability of travel time was used in this article. From five dimensions of door-to-door travel speed, general cost, reliability, satisfaction and choice ratio, various traffic mode chains in three group of distance are analyzed. Based on the results of correlation analysis between the travel speed, reliability, general cost and satisfaction for each group of commuting distance, judgment criterion of the adaptability was established and the traffic mode chain with good adaptability was selected. Finally, with the characteristic of the traffic mode chain with good adaptability as reference objects, optimization guidance for each traffic mode chain in long, medium and short commuting distance was proposed under the constraint on prior development of public transport, which was used to provide decision reference for the improvement of commuting traffic service.
From the perspective of commuters, the commuting distance was divided into three groups including long, medium and short commuting distance and a unified evaluation criteria about the acceptability of travel time was used in this article. From five dimensions of door-to-door travel speed, general cost, reliability, satisfaction and choice ratio, various traffic mode chains in three group of distance are analyzed. Based on the results of correlation analysis between the travel speed, reliability, general cost and satisfaction for each group of commuting distance, judgment criterion of the adaptability was established and the traffic mode chain with good adaptability was selected. Finally, with the characteristic of the traffic mode chain with good adaptability as reference objects, optimization guidance for each traffic mode chain in long, medium and short commuting distance was proposed under the constraint on prior development of public transport, which was used to provide decision reference for the improvement of commuting traffic service.
引文
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[10] 吴娇蓉,余淼,朱启政. 基于30 min通勤可达范围的居住区分类及特征指标[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(8):1136. WU Jiaorong, YU Miao, ZHU Qizhen. Analysis on characteristic indexes and classification of residential districts based on 30-minute accessible commute range[J]. Journal of the Tongji University(Natural Science), 2017,45(8):1136.
[11] 吴娇蓉,朱启政,林子旸. 基于城市综合体分类的停车收费政策预评估[J]. 城市交通,2017,15(3):74. WU Jiaorong, ZHU Qizhen, LIN Ziyang. Pre-evaluation of parking charge policy based on the classification of urban complex[J]. Journal of Transportation and Statistics, 2017,15(3):74.
[12] 程珊珊, 章后忠. 我国汽车折旧、利息及管理费用预测模型研究[J]. 公路交通科技, 2003,20(4):143. CHEN Shanshan, ZHANG Houzhong. Developing models for vehicle depreciation &interest costs estimation[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2003,20(4):143.
[13] 孙立军. 沥青路面结构行为理论[M]. 上海: 同济大学出版社, 2003. SUN Lijun. Structural behavior study for asphalt pavements [M].Shanghai: Tongji University Press,2003.
[14] 槐海林, 王劲松, 王云鹏. 基于城市道路工况的汽车燃油消耗模型[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版). 2009,39(5):1146. KUI Hailin, WANG Jinsong, WANG Yunpeng. Vehicle fuel consumption model based on urban road operation[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2009,39(5):1146.
[15] KRAUS M. Discomfort externalities and marginal cost transit fares[J]. Journal of Urban Economics, 1991,29(2):249.
[16] JARADíAZ S, GSCHWENDER A. Towards a general microeconomic model for the operation of public transport[J]. Transport Reviews, 2003,23(4):453.
[2] 周家中,张殿业. 多模式交通网络下的城市交通出行链行为模型[J]. 华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2014,42(2):125. ZHOU Jiazhong, ZHANG Dianye. Behavior model of urban trip chains in multi-mode transportation network[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2014,42(2): 125.
[3] 张华歆,张丽杰. 基于交通信息的通勤出行链模式选择行为[J]. 上海海事大学学报,2015,36(1):12. ZHANG Huaxin, ZHANG Lijie. Trip chain pattern choice behavior of commuters based on traffic information[J]. Journal of Shanghai Maritime University, 2015, 36(1): 12.
[4] 王伊丽. 城市居民出行方式链特征分析[J]. 交通运输研究, 2012(1):136. WANG Yili.Characteristics of urban travel mode chain[J]. Transport Research, 2012(1):136.
[5] 叶盈. 出行方式链成本测算研究[D].浙江: 浙江大学, 2015. YE ying. Research on the cost estimation of trip mode chain[D]: Zhejiang: Zhejiang University,2015.
[6] 吴娇蓉,周冠宇. 上海市居民通勤方式链特征分析与效率评价[J]. 城市交通, 2017,15(2): 67. WU Jiaorong, ZHOU Guanyu. Efficiency and characteristics of shanghai residents’ commuting trip chains[J]. Urban Transport of China, 2017,15(2): 67.
[7] 史晟,杨超.基于出行方式链的城市轨道交通客流分析方法[J].城市轨道交通研究,2011,14(1):29. SHI Sheng, YANG Chao. Urban rail transit passenger volume forecasting method based on trip mode chain[J]. Urban Mass Transit, 2011,14(1): 29.
[8] 董志国. 上海轨道交通出行方式链模型研究[J]. 城市轨道交通研究, 2012, 15(7):15. DONG Zhiguo. On the trip chain model of shanghai urban rail transit[J]. Urban Mass Transit, 2012, 15(7):15.
[9] SCHAFER A. Regularities in travel demand: An international perspective [J]. Journal of Transportation and Statistics,2000,3(3): 1.
[10] 吴娇蓉,余淼,朱启政. 基于30 min通勤可达范围的居住区分类及特征指标[J]. 同济大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(8):1136. WU Jiaorong, YU Miao, ZHU Qizhen. Analysis on characteristic indexes and classification of residential districts based on 30-minute accessible commute range[J]. Journal of the Tongji University(Natural Science), 2017,45(8):1136.
[11] 吴娇蓉,朱启政,林子旸. 基于城市综合体分类的停车收费政策预评估[J]. 城市交通,2017,15(3):74. WU Jiaorong, ZHU Qizhen, LIN Ziyang. Pre-evaluation of parking charge policy based on the classification of urban complex[J]. Journal of Transportation and Statistics, 2017,15(3):74.
[12] 程珊珊, 章后忠. 我国汽车折旧、利息及管理费用预测模型研究[J]. 公路交通科技, 2003,20(4):143. CHEN Shanshan, ZHANG Houzhong. Developing models for vehicle depreciation &interest costs estimation[J]. Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development, 2003,20(4):143.
[13] 孙立军. 沥青路面结构行为理论[M]. 上海: 同济大学出版社, 2003. SUN Lijun. Structural behavior study for asphalt pavements [M].Shanghai: Tongji University Press,2003.
[14] 槐海林, 王劲松, 王云鹏. 基于城市道路工况的汽车燃油消耗模型[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版). 2009,39(5):1146. KUI Hailin, WANG Jinsong, WANG Yunpeng. Vehicle fuel consumption model based on urban road operation[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2009,39(5):1146.
[15] KRAUS M. Discomfort externalities and marginal cost transit fares[J]. Journal of Urban Economics, 1991,29(2):249.
[16] JARADíAZ S, GSCHWENDER A. Towards a general microeconomic model for the operation of public transport[J]. Transport Reviews, 2003,23(4):453.