云南松解剖特征及其对外界刺激的响应
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摘要
松脂是松属Pinus植物分泌的一种次生代谢产物,具有较高的经济价值和生态价值,主要储藏在松属植物针叶、树干木质部和韧皮部的树脂道系统内。开展云南松Pinus yunnanensis产脂量与其解剖学特征之间的关系研究,有利于云南松高产脂优树的选育和高产林定向培育技术体系的建立。对云南松产脂量与针叶、树干解剖特征之间的相关关系进行了研究,并比较分析了高、低产脂量云南松针叶和树干解剖特征的差异。结果表明:高产脂量云南松针叶树脂道个数、针叶分泌细胞个数、树干韧皮部树脂道个数、木质部树脂道个数和木质部分泌细胞个数极显著高于低产脂量云南松。随着针叶树脂道个数、针叶分泌细胞个数、树干韧皮部树脂道个数、木质部树脂道个数和木质部分泌细胞个数的增加,云南松的产脂量也不断增加(P<0.01)。主成分分析中木质部树脂道个数的载荷值最大,表明云南松树干木质部树脂道与其产脂量关系最为密切。树干木质部树脂道个数可作为选育高产脂云南松的一个重要指标。图3表4参20
Oleoresin is a secondary metabolite with a high eco nomic and ecological value, and it is mainly stored in the resin channel system of needles and trunk xylem and phloem of the genus Pinus. Study on the relationship between oleoresin yield and their anatomical characteristics is conducive to selective breeding of superior tree with high-yielding oleoresin of Pinus yunnanensis and establishment of directional cultivation technology system of high-yielding forest. The relationship between oleoresin and the anatomical characteristics of needles and trunks was studied, and the differences in the anatomical characteristics of the needles and trunks of high-and low-yielding trees were compared and analyzed. The results showed that, the number of resin canals and secrete cells in the needles and trunks of high-yielding oleoresin pines were significantly higher than those of low-yielding oleoresin pines. With the increase of the number of resin canals in the needles and trunks, the oleoresin yield was also increased(P<0.01). In addition, the loading of the number of resin canal in xylem was the largest in the principal component analysis. The result implied that the number of resin canal in xylem could be proposed as an important indicator for breeding high-yielding oleoresin P. yunnanensis.[Ch, 3 fig. 4 tab. 20 ref.]
Oleoresin is a secondary metabolite with a high eco nomic and ecological value, and it is mainly stored in the resin channel system of needles and trunk xylem and phloem of the genus Pinus. Study on the relationship between oleoresin yield and their anatomical characteristics is conducive to selective breeding of superior tree with high-yielding oleoresin of Pinus yunnanensis and establishment of directional cultivation technology system of high-yielding forest. The relationship between oleoresin and the anatomical characteristics of needles and trunks was studied, and the differences in the anatomical characteristics of the needles and trunks of high-and low-yielding trees were compared and analyzed. The results showed that, the number of resin canals and secrete cells in the needles and trunks of high-yielding oleoresin pines were significantly higher than those of low-yielding oleoresin pines. With the increase of the number of resin canals in the needles and trunks, the oleoresin yield was also increased(P<0.01). In addition, the loading of the number of resin canal in xylem was the largest in the principal component analysis. The result implied that the number of resin canal in xylem could be proposed as an important indicator for breeding high-yielding oleoresin P. yunnanensis.[Ch, 3 fig. 4 tab. 20 ref.]
引文
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[7]LEE H J,RAVN M M,COATES R M.Synthesis and characterization of abietadiene,levopimaradiene,palustradiene,and neoabietadiene:hydrocarbon precursors of the abietane diterpene resin acids[J].Tetrahedron,2001,57(29):6155-6177.
[8]穆茹,普晓兰.云南松脂原料林发展现状、存在问题与对策研究[J].山东林业科技,2010(3):107-109.MU Ru,PU Xiaolan.Status and countermeasures about developing of pine resin in Yunnan[J].J Shandong For Sci Technol,2010(3):107-109.
[9]金振洲,彭鉴.云南松[M].昆明:云南科技出版社,2004.
[10]朱秋云,黄益江.马尾松树脂道与产脂力的回归分析研究[J].福建林业科技,2002,29(4):15-16.ZHU Qiuyun,HUANG Yijiang.Regression analytical studies on the resin canal and resin-producing capacity of Pinus massoniana[J].J Fujian For Sci Technol,2002,29(4):15-16.
[11]穆茹,王曙光,普晓兰.高、低产脂思茅松树脂道的解剖学比较[J].林业科技开发,2012,26(2):49-53.MU Ru,WANG Shuguang,PU Xiaolan.Anatomical comparison of the resin duct structure between the high and low resin yield trees of Pinus kesia var.langbianensis[J].China For Sci Technol,2012,26(2):49-53.
[12]安宁,丁贵杰.主要气象因子对马尾松松脂产量的影响初报[J].山地农业生物学报,2010,29(2):177-180.AN Ning,DING Guijie.A preliminary investiga in the main meteorolog factors impacting the yield of pine resin[J].J Mt Agric Biol,2010,29(2):177-180.
[13]黄益江,蔡邦平,梁一池.叶绿素含量与马尾松产脂力相关研究[J].福建林学院学报,1998,18(1):58-61.HUANG Yijiang,CAI Bangping,LIANG Yichi.A study on the relationships between chlorophyll content and resin productivity of masson pine[J].J Fujian Coll For,1998,18(1):58-61.
[14]王长新.马尾松采脂量的相关因子分析[J].河南科技大学学报(农学版),2004,24(3):22-25.WANG Changxin.Correlative analysis between the factors and oleoresin output of Pinus massoniana[J].J Henan Univ Sci Technol Agric Sci,2004,24(3):22-25.
[15]ERBILGIN N,COLGAN L J.Differential effects of plant ontogeny and damage type on phloem and foliage monoterpenes in jack pine(Pinus banksiana)[J].Tree Physiol,2012,32(8):946-957.
[16]GAZMEND Z,PAAL K,ERIK C,et al.Methyl jasmonate treatment of mature Norway spruce(Picea abies)trees increases the accumulation of terpenoid resin components and protects against infection by Ceratocystis polonica,a bark beetle-associated fungus[J].Tree Physiol,2006,26(8):977-988.
[17]王海林,杨文云,高成杰,等.不同产脂量云南松树脂道解剖学比较研究[J].林业科学研究,2015,28(3):352-357.WANG Hailin,YANG Wenyun,GAO Chengjie,et al.Anatomical comparison of resin canals in Pinus yunnanensis with different oleoresin yield[J].For Res,2015,28(3):352-357.
[18]李青青,段焰青,叶辉,等.针叶树对小蠹虫的防御机制[J].中国森林病虫,2007,26(6):21-24,44.LI Qingqing,DUAN Yanqing,YE Hui,et al.Defense mechanisms of coniferous trees against bark beetles[J].For Pest Dis,2007,26(6):21-24,44.
[19]HUDGINS J W,CHRISTIANSEN E,FRANCESCHI V R.Induction of anatomically based denfense responses in stems of diverse conifers by methyl jasmonate:a phylogenetic perspective[J].Tree Physiol,2004,24(3):251-264.
[20]吴鸿,胡正海.油松树脂道的发育过程和组织化学研究[J].林业科学,1995,31(1):51-55.WU Hong,HU Zhenghai.Histochemisty of resin duct development of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.[J].Sci Silv Sin,1995,31(1):51-55.
[2]曹逸霞,张真,刘随存,等.针叶树树脂的抗害功能及抗害机制[J].昆虫知识,2007,44(6):804-810.CAO Yixia,ZHANG Zhen,LIU Suicun,et al.Advances in the research on the resistance of conifer resin to pests[J].Chin Bull Entomol,2007,44(6):804-810.
[3]李爱民,王玉荣,吴鸿.马尾松主要器官树脂道的发生和发育[J].林业科学,2008,44(9):36-40.LI Aimin,WANG Yurong,WU Hong.Initiation and development of resin ducts in major organs of Pinus massoniana[J].Sci Silv Sin,2008,44(9):36-40.
[4]宋湛谦,梁志勤,刘星,等.中国五针松组松脂的化学特征[J].林产化学与工业,1993,13(1):1-8.SONG Zhanqian,LIANG Zhiqin,LIU Xing,et al.Chemical characteristics of oleoresins in Chinese sect.strobus[J].Chem Ind For Prod,1993,13(1):1-8
[5]宋湛谦,刘星,梁志勤,等.国外引种松树松脂化学组成的特征[J].林产化学与工业,1993,13(4):277-287.SONG Zhanqian,LIU Xing,LIANG Zhiqin,et al.Chemical characteristics of oleoresins of some exotic pines[J].Chem Ind For Prod,1993,13(4):277-287.
[6]宋湛谦,刘星,梁志勤,等.中国采脂树种松脂的化学特征[J].林产化学与工业,1993,13(增刊):27-32.SONG Zhanqian,LIU Xing,LIANG Zhiqin,et al.Chemical characteristics of oleoresins from Chinese pine species for oleoresin production[J].Chem Ind For Prod,1993,13(suppl):27-32.
[7]LEE H J,RAVN M M,COATES R M.Synthesis and characterization of abietadiene,levopimaradiene,palustradiene,and neoabietadiene:hydrocarbon precursors of the abietane diterpene resin acids[J].Tetrahedron,2001,57(29):6155-6177.
[8]穆茹,普晓兰.云南松脂原料林发展现状、存在问题与对策研究[J].山东林业科技,2010(3):107-109.MU Ru,PU Xiaolan.Status and countermeasures about developing of pine resin in Yunnan[J].J Shandong For Sci Technol,2010(3):107-109.
[9]金振洲,彭鉴.云南松[M].昆明:云南科技出版社,2004.
[10]朱秋云,黄益江.马尾松树脂道与产脂力的回归分析研究[J].福建林业科技,2002,29(4):15-16.ZHU Qiuyun,HUANG Yijiang.Regression analytical studies on the resin canal and resin-producing capacity of Pinus massoniana[J].J Fujian For Sci Technol,2002,29(4):15-16.
[11]穆茹,王曙光,普晓兰.高、低产脂思茅松树脂道的解剖学比较[J].林业科技开发,2012,26(2):49-53.MU Ru,WANG Shuguang,PU Xiaolan.Anatomical comparison of the resin duct structure between the high and low resin yield trees of Pinus kesia var.langbianensis[J].China For Sci Technol,2012,26(2):49-53.
[12]安宁,丁贵杰.主要气象因子对马尾松松脂产量的影响初报[J].山地农业生物学报,2010,29(2):177-180.AN Ning,DING Guijie.A preliminary investiga in the main meteorolog factors impacting the yield of pine resin[J].J Mt Agric Biol,2010,29(2):177-180.
[13]黄益江,蔡邦平,梁一池.叶绿素含量与马尾松产脂力相关研究[J].福建林学院学报,1998,18(1):58-61.HUANG Yijiang,CAI Bangping,LIANG Yichi.A study on the relationships between chlorophyll content and resin productivity of masson pine[J].J Fujian Coll For,1998,18(1):58-61.
[14]王长新.马尾松采脂量的相关因子分析[J].河南科技大学学报(农学版),2004,24(3):22-25.WANG Changxin.Correlative analysis between the factors and oleoresin output of Pinus massoniana[J].J Henan Univ Sci Technol Agric Sci,2004,24(3):22-25.
[15]ERBILGIN N,COLGAN L J.Differential effects of plant ontogeny and damage type on phloem and foliage monoterpenes in jack pine(Pinus banksiana)[J].Tree Physiol,2012,32(8):946-957.
[16]GAZMEND Z,PAAL K,ERIK C,et al.Methyl jasmonate treatment of mature Norway spruce(Picea abies)trees increases the accumulation of terpenoid resin components and protects against infection by Ceratocystis polonica,a bark beetle-associated fungus[J].Tree Physiol,2006,26(8):977-988.
[17]王海林,杨文云,高成杰,等.不同产脂量云南松树脂道解剖学比较研究[J].林业科学研究,2015,28(3):352-357.WANG Hailin,YANG Wenyun,GAO Chengjie,et al.Anatomical comparison of resin canals in Pinus yunnanensis with different oleoresin yield[J].For Res,2015,28(3):352-357.
[18]李青青,段焰青,叶辉,等.针叶树对小蠹虫的防御机制[J].中国森林病虫,2007,26(6):21-24,44.LI Qingqing,DUAN Yanqing,YE Hui,et al.Defense mechanisms of coniferous trees against bark beetles[J].For Pest Dis,2007,26(6):21-24,44.
[19]HUDGINS J W,CHRISTIANSEN E,FRANCESCHI V R.Induction of anatomically based denfense responses in stems of diverse conifers by methyl jasmonate:a phylogenetic perspective[J].Tree Physiol,2004,24(3):251-264.
[20]吴鸿,胡正海.油松树脂道的发育过程和组织化学研究[J].林业科学,1995,31(1):51-55.WU Hong,HU Zhenghai.Histochemisty of resin duct development of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr.[J].Sci Silv Sin,1995,31(1):51-55.