涂料发射率与相变层在伪装中的要求分析
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摘要
为了对相变层的厚度以及伪装涂料8～14μm波段发射率值在不同季节对目标的伪装效率影响,结合太阳辐射,植被温度以及气温变化,建立目标及单一植被背景在晴朗天气情况下不同季节的一日辐射温度变化模型。先后改变相变层的厚度和涂料发射率值,得出相应的目标辐射温度。计算采用不同相变层厚度和发射率值时目标的伪装效率,结合伪装效率及实际使用的考虑,认为相变层厚度为1.5 mm时最佳,且在春夏秋配合选用发射率值为0.5、0.3和0.4时可得最高白天伪装效率,选用发射率为0.9、0.8和0.9时可得最高的晚上伪装效率和全天伪装效率。
To analyze the seasonal camouflage requirements of the coating average emissivity at 8～14 μmwaveband and the thickness of phase change material(PCM) layer, with the investigation on solar radiation, the veg-etative cover′s temperature and the air temperature in one day, a temperature model of target that display the chang-ing of its radiation temperature in one day of different seasons is built. The thickness of the PCM layer and the coat-ing emissivity are changed to obtain the the target radiation temperature. The camouflage efficiency is calculatedwith different PCM layer thickness and coating emissivity, taking the camouflage efficiency and actual applicationinto account, when PCM layer's thickness reaches 1.5 mm, the result is suitable. In this condition, in order to ob-tain the best camouflage efficiency in the daytime, the coating emissivity should reach 0.5, 0.3, and 0.4 respectivelyin spring, summer and autumn. To obtain the best camouflage efficiency of the night and whole day, the coatingemissivity should reach 0.9, 0.8 and 0.9 respectively.
To analyze the seasonal camouflage requirements of the coating average emissivity at 8～14 μmwaveband and the thickness of phase change material(PCM) layer, with the investigation on solar radiation, the veg-etative cover′s temperature and the air temperature in one day, a temperature model of target that display the chang-ing of its radiation temperature in one day of different seasons is built. The thickness of the PCM layer and the coat-ing emissivity are changed to obtain the the target radiation temperature. The camouflage efficiency is calculatedwith different PCM layer thickness and coating emissivity, taking the camouflage efficiency and actual applicationinto account, when PCM layer's thickness reaches 1.5 mm, the result is suitable. In this condition, in order to ob-tain the best camouflage efficiency in the daytime, the coating emissivity should reach 0.5, 0.3, and 0.4 respectivelyin spring, summer and autumn. To obtain the best camouflage efficiency of the night and whole day, the coatingemissivity should reach 0.9, 0.8 and 0.9 respectively.
引文
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[2]孙浩,吴文健.石蜡微胶囊及其红外伪装隐身性能研究[J].光电技术应用,2005,20(3):41-44.
[3]杨爱弟,王智慧,张存,等.热红外降温—相变复合隐身涂层的研究[J].现代防御技术,2009,37(5):21-24.
[4]刘姜伟,时家明,陈宗胜,等.红外迷彩伪装对发射率要求的数值分析[J].红外与激光工程,2012,41(2):442-445.
[5]陈翾,杨立.基于辐射对比度的涂料隐身性能优化与评估[J].红外与激光工程,2008,37(6):1043-1047.
[6]王长胜.典型地物表面温度特性研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2013.
[7]张建奇,方小平.红外物理[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2004,110-111.
[8]王世喜,朱永豪.用光谱辐射计测量大气光学厚度的研究[J].量子电子学报,1998,15(3):326-331.
[9] Volle Vr, Cross M. Accurate solutions of moving boundaryproblems using the enthalpy method[J]. Int J Heat MassTransfer, 1981, 24(5):545-556.
[10]邵晓鹏.红外纹理生成方法研究[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2005.
[11]姜会飞,温德永,李楠,等.利用正弦分段法模拟气温日变化[J].气象与减灾研究,2010,33(3):61-65.
[12]杨德贵,黎湘,庄钊文.基于统一模型的典型地表红外辐射特性对比研究[J].红外与毫米波学报,2001,20(4):263-266.