甘蔗赤腐病发生流行特点及防控对策
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摘要
由镰孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum falcatum Went.)引起的甘蔗赤腐病是一种重要的流行性真菌病害,大面积流行爆发会给甘蔗生产造成巨大损失,目前对该病害药剂防控效果不理想。而且甘蔗长期连作,近年来气候多变,为甘蔗赤腐病的发生流行创造了有利条件,该病害在各蔗区时常流行发生,为害日趋严重,严重影响甘蔗生产。本文结合田间调查分析了甘蔗赤腐病的发生流行特点,结合国内外最新研究成果提出以选种抗病品种为主,用木霉菌、假单胞菌、芽孢杆菌等生物防治剂进行蔗种及土壤处理进行预防,关键时期及时施药,同时加强田间管理等科学有效综合协调防控措施,以期为我国甘蔗赤腐病的防控提供理论依据,有效控制该病害大面积发生流行。
Sugarcane red rot caused by Colletotrichum falcatum Went is an important epidemical fungal disease.The outbreak of large-scale epidemics could cause huge losses to sugarcane production. At present, the pesticide control effect is not ideal to the disease. Moreover, long-term continuous cropping and changeable climate in recent years has created favorable conditions for the occurrence of red rot, which often occurs in various sugarcane planting areas, meanwhile, the damage is becoming more and more serious, and seriously affects the sugarcane production. In this paper, the epidemic characteristics of sugarcane red rot were reviewed in combination with the field investigation. To provide theoretical basis for prevention and control of red rot in China and effectively control the widespread occurrence of the disease, we reviewed the latest research results at home and abroad, and proposed a focus on selecting resistant varieties, and an enhancement by biological control agents such as Trichoderma spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. to treat the seed cane and soil, timely application of chemical pesticide in critical periods, and strengthen scientific and effective comprehensive coordinated prevention and control measures such as field management against red rot.
Sugarcane red rot caused by Colletotrichum falcatum Went is an important epidemical fungal disease.The outbreak of large-scale epidemics could cause huge losses to sugarcane production. At present, the pesticide control effect is not ideal to the disease. Moreover, long-term continuous cropping and changeable climate in recent years has created favorable conditions for the occurrence of red rot, which often occurs in various sugarcane planting areas, meanwhile, the damage is becoming more and more serious, and seriously affects the sugarcane production. In this paper, the epidemic characteristics of sugarcane red rot were reviewed in combination with the field investigation. To provide theoretical basis for prevention and control of red rot in China and effectively control the widespread occurrence of the disease, we reviewed the latest research results at home and abroad, and proposed a focus on selecting resistant varieties, and an enhancement by biological control agents such as Trichoderma spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. to treat the seed cane and soil, timely application of chemical pesticide in critical periods, and strengthen scientific and effective comprehensive coordinated prevention and control measures such as field management against red rot.
引文
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[35]吴伟怀,王彩霞,梁艳琼,等.11种杀菌剂对甘蔗赤腐病菌的毒力测定[J].热带农业科学,2015,35(6):37-41.
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[39]Khan S H,Shahid M,Safurehman,et al.Control of red rot disease of sugarcane through screening of varieties and seed dressing fungicides[J].Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology,2009,21(1):61-65.
[40]Bharti Y P,Singh B K,Kumar A,et al.Efficacy of fungicides and antibiotics against spore germination and sporulation of Colletotrichum falcatum Went;causing red rot disease of sugarcane in-vitro and in-vivo condition[J].Agriways,2014,2(2):100-105.
[41]Subhani M N,Chaudhry M A,Khaliq A,et al.Efficacy of various fungicides against sugarcane red rot(Colletotrichum falcatum)[J].International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,2008,10(6):725-727.
[42]Ghazanfar M U,Raza W,Gondal S K.Screening of sugarcane cultivars against Colletotrichum falcatum causing red rot disease and its control with different fungicides under laboratory conditions[J].Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology,2017,29(1):103-110
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[44]Senthil N,Jayaraj J,Shanmugham V.Evaluation of fungal and bacterial antagonists against Colletotrichum falcatum Went,causing red rot of sugarcane[J].Indian Sugar,2000,50(7):423-432.
[45]Hiremath L,Gupta P K,Sura N K,et al.Evaluation of fungal antagonists for controlling sugarcane(Var.CoC 671)red rot disease[J].Journal of Pharmacy Research,2018,12(1):134-141.
[46]Joshi D,Singh P,Holkar S K,et al.Trichoderma-mediated suppression of red rot of sugarcane under field conditions in subtropical india[J].Sugar Tech,2018:1-9.
[47]Singh N.Trichoderma harzianum and Chaetomium species as potential biocontrol fungi in management of red rot disease of sugarcane[J].Journal of Biological Control,1994,8:65-67.
[48]Singh N,Kumar S,Gupta ML.Effect of some antagonistic fungi and chemicals on red rot disease development in plant and ratoon crops of sugarcane[J].Indian Sugar,2008,58(3):45-52.
[49]Sanivada S K,Challa M.Mycolytic effect of extracellular enzymes of entomopathogenic fungi to Colletotrichum falcatum,red rot pathogen of sugarcane[J].Journal of Biopesticide,2014,7:33-37.
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[2]Lam E,Shine J R,Silva J D,et al.Improving sugarcane for biofuel:engineering for an even better feedstock[J].Global Change Biology Bioenergy,2009,1(3):251-255.
[3]黄东杰,孙继华.甘蔗育种研究进展[J].热带农业科学,2012,32(1):46-49.
[4]Vikash P,Shukla D N.Morphological studies on red rot of sugarcane from Hardoi district of Uttar Pradesh[J].International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research,2017,6(2):285-288.
[5]Sharma R,Tamta S.A review on red rot:The“Cancer”of sugarcane[J].Journal of Plant Pathology and Microbiology,2015.
[6]黄应昆,李文凤.现代甘蔗病虫草害防治彩色图说[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2016:108-109.
[7]Duttamajumdar S K.Red rot of sugarcane[M].Lucknow India:Army Printing Press,2008.
[8]Hussnain Z,Afghan S.Impact of major cane diseases on sugarcane yield and sugar recovery[J].Annual Report,2006:78-80.
[9]林善海,黄诚华,王伯辉.甘蔗赤腐病防治技术研究进展[J].中国糖料,2011,33(4):69-73.
[10]Bharti Y P,Vishwakarma S K,Kumar A,et al.Physiological and pathological aspects of some new isolates of Colletotrichum falcatum causing red rot disease in Saccharum spp complex[J].Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica,2012,47(1):35-50.
[11]Alexander K C,Viswanathan R.Diseases of sugarcane in India and its rapid diagnosis[M].USA:SCI Tech Publishing LLC,2002:10-51.
[12]Vishwanathan R,Samiyappan R.Disease scenario and management of major sugarcane diseases in India[J].Crop Protection,2002,21:1-10.
[13]Viswanathan R.Molecular basis of red rot resistance in sugarcane[J].Functional Plant Science and Biotechnology,2012,6:40-50.
[14]万慧恩.甘蔗赤腐病发生为害简报[J].湖北植保,1994(3):18.
[15]徐志德,刘建军,黄河清,等.湖南省甘蔗主要病虫草害发生规律及防治[J].甘蔗,2000,7(2):16-18.
[16]熊国如,李增平,赵婷婷,等.海南蔗区甘蔗病害种类及发生情况.热带作物学报,2010,31(9):1589-1595.
[17]林明江,龚恒亮,安玉兴,等.湛江蔗区甘蔗赤腐病的发生与成因初探[J].甘蔗糖业,2011(1):34-37.
[18]霍秀娟,李朝生,陆荣生.广西甘蔗病害种类调查与鉴定[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(10):4368-4369.
[19]龙友华,刘洋洋,吴小毛,等.贵州甘蔗真菌病害初步调查及褐斑病防治药剂筛选[J].植物保护,2015,41(4):186-190.
[20]梁艳琼,雷照鸣,贺春萍,等.甘蔗赤腐病菌生物学特性研究[J].热带作物学报,2013,34(5):967-972.
[21]李增平,张树珍.海南甘蔗病虫害诊断图谱[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2014:4-6.
[22]Singh K,Singh R P,Lal S.Effect of ambient temperature on red rot development in sugarcane[J].Indian Phytopathology,1988,41:86-91.
[23]Beniwal M S,Satyavir.Effect of atmospheric temperature on the development of red rot of sugarcane[J].Indian Phytopathology,1991,44:333-338.
[24]Satyavir K A,Kumar A,Raj K.Fungal diseases of sugarcane[M].New Delhi:Diseases of Field Crops Indus Publishing Company,2002.
[25]Yin Z,Hoy J W.Effect of stalk desiccation on sugarcane red rot[J].Plant Disease,1997,81(11):1247-1250.
[26]Sengar A S,Thind K S,Kumar B,et al.In vitro selection at cellular level for red rot resistance in sugarcane(Saccharum sp.)[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2009,58(2):201-209.
[27]Singh R K,Singh R B,Singh S P,et al.Genes tagging and molecular diversity of red rot susceptible tolerant sugarcane hybrids using c-DNA and unigene derived markers[J].World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,2012,28:1669-1679.
[28]Kumar N,Jhang T,Satyavir,et al.Molecular and pathological characterization of Colletotrichum falcatum infecting subtropical Indian sugarcane[J].Journal of Phytopathology,2011,159(4):260-267.
[29]Sharma R,Tamta S.Red rot resistant gene characterization using RGAP markers among sugarcane cultivars resistant and susceptible to the red rot disease[J].Biotech,2017,7(5):306.
[30]Kumar V G,Viswanathan R,Malathi P,et al.Differential induction of 3-deoxyanthocyanidin phytoalexins in relation to Colletotrichum falcatum resistance in sugarcane[J].Sugar Tech,2015,17(3):314-321.
[31]Prittesh P,Amaresan N,Rushabh S,et al.Isolation and pathogenic variability of Colletotrichum falcatum causing red rot in sugarcane[J].Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection,2016,123:273-277.
[32]Viswanathan R.Pathogen virulence in sugarcane red rot pathogen versus varieties in cultivation:Classical case of loss in virulence in the pathotype CF06(Cf671)[J].Sugar Tech,2017,19(3):293-299.
[33]Gill R S,Meeta M,Thind K S,et al.Identification of red rot resistant promising crosses[J].Sugar Tech,2007,9(4):321-324.
[34]Singh G,Sandhu SK,Meeta M,et al.In vitro induction and characterization of somaclonal variation for red rot and other agronomic traits[J].Euphytica,2008,160(1):35-47.
[35]吴伟怀,王彩霞,梁艳琼,等.11种杀菌剂对甘蔗赤腐病菌的毒力测定[J].热带农业科学,2015,35(6):37-41.
[36]Singh K,Singh R P.Red rot Diseases of sugarcane:major diseases[J].Elsevier,Amsterdam,1989:169-188.
[37]吴伟怀,胡冬,贺春萍,等.甘蔗赤腐病菌对碳、氮源的利用及其室内毒力测定[J].中国糖料,2008,(1):14-17.
[38]Malathi P,Viswanathan R,Sundar A R.Mechanized means of sett treatment:An effective way of delivering fungicides for the management of red rot in sugarcane[J].Sugar Tech.2017,19(2):176-182.
[39]Khan S H,Shahid M,Safurehman,et al.Control of red rot disease of sugarcane through screening of varieties and seed dressing fungicides[J].Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology,2009,21(1):61-65.
[40]Bharti Y P,Singh B K,Kumar A,et al.Efficacy of fungicides and antibiotics against spore germination and sporulation of Colletotrichum falcatum Went;causing red rot disease of sugarcane in-vitro and in-vivo condition[J].Agriways,2014,2(2):100-105.
[41]Subhani M N,Chaudhry M A,Khaliq A,et al.Efficacy of various fungicides against sugarcane red rot(Colletotrichum falcatum)[J].International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,2008,10(6):725-727.
[42]Ghazanfar M U,Raza W,Gondal S K.Screening of sugarcane cultivars against Colletotrichum falcatum causing red rot disease and its control with different fungicides under laboratory conditions[J].Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology,2017,29(1):103-110
[43]Singh R K,Kumar P,Tiwari N N,et al.Role of endochitinase gene and efficacy of Trichoderma against Colletotrichum falcatum Went causing red rot disease in sugarcane[J].Sugar Tech,2014,16(2):180-188.
[44]Senthil N,Jayaraj J,Shanmugham V.Evaluation of fungal and bacterial antagonists against Colletotrichum falcatum Went,causing red rot of sugarcane[J].Indian Sugar,2000,50(7):423-432.
[45]Hiremath L,Gupta P K,Sura N K,et al.Evaluation of fungal antagonists for controlling sugarcane(Var.CoC 671)red rot disease[J].Journal of Pharmacy Research,2018,12(1):134-141.
[46]Joshi D,Singh P,Holkar S K,et al.Trichoderma-mediated suppression of red rot of sugarcane under field conditions in subtropical india[J].Sugar Tech,2018:1-9.
[47]Singh N.Trichoderma harzianum and Chaetomium species as potential biocontrol fungi in management of red rot disease of sugarcane[J].Journal of Biological Control,1994,8:65-67.
[48]Singh N,Kumar S,Gupta ML.Effect of some antagonistic fungi and chemicals on red rot disease development in plant and ratoon crops of sugarcane[J].Indian Sugar,2008,58(3):45-52.
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