额济纳绿洲冬春月入境水量配置
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摘要
根据狼心山水文站流量,利用数理统计和相关分析法,估算了黑河水量常规调度以来冬春月(11月至翌年3月)进入额济纳绿洲的水量。结果表明:冬春月狼心山径流量年际变化较小,约占全年总量的34%;25%、50%、75%保证率下,冬春月额济纳绿洲补给水量分别为1.93亿、1.45亿、0.86亿m~3。结合生态需水量,提出适用于额济纳绿洲的冬春月水量配置方案:25%保证率来水条件下,东河、西河水量可按照57?43比例进行下泄;50%保证率来水条件下,东河、西河基本按照61?39的比例分流;75%保证率来水条件下,东河、西河下泄水量可按照70?30的比例分配。
In this study, the discharge ofLangxinshan Hydrometric Station was used to calculate the river discharge entering into Ejina Oasis during the period of winter and spring(from November to following March) since the regular regulation of the Heihe River by the mathematical statistics and correlation analysis. The results indicate that the discharge in winter and spring period is stable in inter-annual variation and mostly accounts for 34% of the whole year. With the guarantee rates of 25%, 50% and 75%, the water supply of Ejina Oasis from Langxinshan Station is 193 million m~3, 145 million m~3 and 86 million m~3 respectively. Based on above results and the ecological water requirement of Ejina Oasis, a reasonable water allocation scheme has been proposed that when the discharge of the main stream is 25%, 50% and 75% guaranteed, the input discharge ratio of east and west branch channels is 57∶43, 61∶39 and 70∶30 respectively.
In this study, the discharge ofLangxinshan Hydrometric Station was used to calculate the river discharge entering into Ejina Oasis during the period of winter and spring(from November to following March) since the regular regulation of the Heihe River by the mathematical statistics and correlation analysis. The results indicate that the discharge in winter and spring period is stable in inter-annual variation and mostly accounts for 34% of the whole year. With the guarantee rates of 25%, 50% and 75%, the water supply of Ejina Oasis from Langxinshan Station is 193 million m~3, 145 million m~3 and 86 million m~3 respectively. Based on above results and the ecological water requirement of Ejina Oasis, a reasonable water allocation scheme has been proposed that when the discharge of the main stream is 25%, 50% and 75% guaranteed, the input discharge ratio of east and west branch channels is 57∶43, 61∶39 and 70∶30 respectively.
引文
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[10] 杜朝阳.干旱区包气带水汽(气)耦合模拟及潜水蒸发估算:以额济纳三角洲为例[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2016:1-17.
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[12] 王根绪,程国栋.干旱内陆流域生态需水量及其估算:以黑河流域为例[J].中国沙漠,2002,22(2):129-134.
[13] 楚永伟,杜得彦,廉耀康,等.黑河下游生态水量调度指标及实时调度方案[R].兰州:黑河水资源与生态保护研究中心,2017:1-197.
[2] 李强坤,黄福贵,罗玉丽,等.额济纳地区绿洲恢复生态需水量研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2011,25(5):9-17.
[3] 侯建军,张茂盛,韩风,等.额济纳绿洲生态环境的历史演变及其受损因素分析[J].西部资源,2012(1):50-52.
[4] 彭家中,司建华,冯起,等.基于地统计的额济纳绿洲地下水位埋深空间异质性研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2011,25(4):94-99.
[5] 司建华,冯起,席海洋,等.黑河下游额济纳绿洲生态需水关键期及需水量[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(2):560-567.
[6] 姜珊,肖星卉,张荣,等.额济纳绿洲胡杨林生态用水与健康评价研究[J].中国水土保持,2018(8):60-64.
[7] 郭巧玲,杨琳洁,李恩宽.额济纳绿洲植被生态需水量空间分布[J].干旱区资源与环境,2013,27(8):103-107.
[8] 王道席,张婕,杜得彦.黑河生态水量调度实践[J].人民黄河,2016,38(10):96-99.
[9] 孙雅琦.黑河下游生态需水及生态调度研究[D].西安:西北大学,2017:13-28.
[10] 杜朝阳.干旱区包气带水汽(气)耦合模拟及潜水蒸发估算:以额济纳三角洲为例[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2016:1-17.
[11] 冯起.黑河下游生态水需求与生态水量调控[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:1-202.
[12] 王根绪,程国栋.干旱内陆流域生态需水量及其估算:以黑河流域为例[J].中国沙漠,2002,22(2):129-134.
[13] 楚永伟,杜得彦,廉耀康,等.黑河下游生态水量调度指标及实时调度方案[R].兰州:黑河水资源与生态保护研究中心,2017:1-197.