基于IFC标准的建筑信息模型分布式大数据平台存储技术研究
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摘要
随着建筑信息模型的规模和复杂性不断增加,利用单台计算机处理海量BIM数据的存储和分析变得越来越困难。传统的关系数据库、面向对象数据库等已经无法满足当下建筑业海量和多样化的数据存储和管理的需求。而大数据技术的出现为建筑信息模型海量数据的存储、管理和分析带来极大的潜力。利用大数据技术管理BIM结构化和非结构化数据的优势,探讨分布式大数据平台Hadoop和HBase数据库整体架构和存储模型;制定基于HBase数据库存储IFC(工业基础类)结构化数据和非结构化数据的策略及数据表格的设计;建立基于Hadoop和HBase大数据环境的建筑信息模型存储系统,实现对IFC数据的基本管理操作。通过实际案例验证该系统的可行性。
With the increasing scale and complexity of BIM,it becomes more and more difficult to store and analyze massive BIM data with a single computer.Traditional relational databases and object-oriented databases can no longer meet the current needs of massive and diverse data storage and management in the construction industry.The emergence of big data technology has brought great potential for storage,management and analysis of massive data in BIM.In this paper,we analyzed the advantages of using big data technology to manage structured and unstructured data,and discussed the overall architecture and storage model of Hadoop and HBase databases,which were distributed large data platforms.We formulated the strategy of storing IFC structured data and unstructured data based on HBase database and the design of data table.We built a storage system of BIM based on Hadoop and HBase big data environment,and realized the basic management operation of IFC data.The feasibility of the system was verified by a practical case.
With the increasing scale and complexity of BIM,it becomes more and more difficult to store and analyze massive BIM data with a single computer.Traditional relational databases and object-oriented databases can no longer meet the current needs of massive and diverse data storage and management in the construction industry.The emergence of big data technology has brought great potential for storage,management and analysis of massive data in BIM.In this paper,we analyzed the advantages of using big data technology to manage structured and unstructured data,and discussed the overall architecture and storage model of Hadoop and HBase databases,which were distributed large data platforms.We formulated the strategy of storing IFC structured data and unstructured data based on HBase database and the design of data table.We built a storage system of BIM based on Hadoop and HBase big data environment,and realized the basic management operation of IFC data.The feasibility of the system was verified by a practical case.
引文
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[14]Building Smart.IFC TOOLS Project[EB/OL].[2017-08-07].http://www.ifctoolsproject.com/.
[15]陈远,康虹,张静雅.基于IFC标准的BIM模型编程语言解析方法研究[J].土木建筑工程信息技术,2017(3):85-89.
[16]陈远,逯瑶.基于IFC标准的BIM模型空间结构组成与程序解析[J].计算机应用与软件,2018,35(4):162-167,194.
[2]成于思,李启明,成虎.IFC数据在关系数据库上的实现研究与应用[J].计算机应用与软件,2014,31(11):33-34,44.
[3]李犁,邓雪原.基于IFC标准BIM数据库的构建与应用[J].四川建筑科学研究,2013(3):296-301.
[4]Cruz C,Vanlande R,Nicolle C.ACTIVe3D:Semantic and3D databases for civil engineering projects[C]//International Conference on Information and Knowledge Engineering.Ike’04,June 21-24,2004,Las Vegas,Nevada,Usa.DBLP,2004:56-61.
[5]Jorgensen K A,Skauge J,Christiansson P,et al.Use of IFCmodel servers modelling collaboration possibilities in practice[R/OL].Technical report by Aalborg University and Aarhus School of Architecture,2008.http://it.civil.aau.dk/it/reports/2008_Ifc_model_server.pdf.
[6]Faraj I,Alshawi M,Aouad G,et al.An industry foundation classes Web-based collaborative construction computer environment:WISPER[J].Automation in Construction,2001,10(1):79-99.
[7]Ma L,Sacks R,Ma L,et al.A cloud-based BIM platform for information collaboration[C]//International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction.2016.
[8]Jeong S,Byun J,Kim D,et al.A data management infrastructure for bridge monitoring[C]//Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,2015,9435.
[9]Das M,Cheng J C,Kumar S S.Social BIMCloud:a distributed cloud-based BIM platform for object-based lifecycle information exchange[J].Visualization in Engineering,2015,3(1):1-20.
[10]Ismail A,Nahar A,Scherer R.Application of graph databases and graph theory concepts for advanced analysing of BIM models based on IFC standard[C]//International Workshop on Intelligent Computing in Engineering.2017.
[11]Kim H,Soibelman L,Grobler F.Factor selection for delay analysis using Knowledge Discovery in Databases[J].Automation in Construction,2008,17(5):550-560.
[12]Carrillo P,Harding J,Choudhary A.Knowledge discovery from post-project reviews[J].Construction Management&Economics,2011,29(7):713-723.
[13]Wang L,Leite F.Knowledge discovery of spatial conflict resolution philosophies in BIM-enabled MEP design coordination using data mining techniques:a proof-of-concept[C]//Proceedings of the ASCE International Workshop on Computing in Civil Engineering,2013:419-426.
[14]Building Smart.IFC TOOLS Project[EB/OL].[2017-08-07].http://www.ifctoolsproject.com/.
[15]陈远,康虹,张静雅.基于IFC标准的BIM模型编程语言解析方法研究[J].土木建筑工程信息技术,2017(3):85-89.
[16]陈远,逯瑶.基于IFC标准的BIM模型空间结构组成与程序解析[J].计算机应用与软件,2018,35(4):162-167,194.