凹凸棒石黏土对饲料溶失率及克氏原螯虾生长性能、肌肉中Pb沉积的影响
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摘要
探讨不同水平凹凸棒石黏土(凹土)对饲料溶失率及克氏原螯虾生长性能、肌肉中Pb沉积的影响,按照随机区组试验设计,选取了初始体质量为(7.78±0.80)g的克氏原螯虾180只,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复15尾虾。分别饲喂含凹土0(对照组)、10、30、50 g/kg等氮、等能日粮35 d。实验结果表明,添加凹土极显著影响饲料溶失率(P<0.01),对克氏原螯虾的增重率、日增重率、特定生长率、体长增长率、饲料系数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,饲喂含凹土30 g/kg饲料6 d,凹土能显著降低铅污染水质中克氏原螯虾肌肉中铅的沉积(P<0.05)。在本实验条件下,凹土能改善饲料水中稳定性,降低Pb在克氏原螯虾肌肉中的沉积,对生长性能无显著影响,其最佳添加量为30 g/kg。
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different levels of attapulgite on the leaching loss ratio of diets, growth performance and accumulation of Pb in the muscle of P. clarkii. According to the randomized block design, a total of 180 P. clarkii with an initial body weight of(7.78±0.80) g were randomly divided into 4 dietary treatment groups with 3 replicates of 15 P. clarkiis per replicate, and fed a isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diet including 0(control group), 10, 30 and 50 g/kg attapulgite for 35 days, respectively. The results showed that attapulgite supplementation significantly affected the leaching loss ratio of diets and did not affect the weight gain rate, daily weight gain rate, specific growth rate, the body length increase rate, feed/gain ratio and survival rate of P. clarkii. Compared with the control group, attapulgite could significantly reduce the accumulation of Pb in the muscle of P. clarkii living in the lead(Pb)-contaminated water when they were fed a diet supplemented with 30 g/kg attapulgite for 6 days. Attapulgite supplementation could improve the stability of feed in water, decrease Pb residue in the muscle and had no effect on the growth performance of P. clarkii. In addition, the optimal supplementation of attapulgite in the pellet diets of P. clarkii was 30 g/kg.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different levels of attapulgite on the leaching loss ratio of diets, growth performance and accumulation of Pb in the muscle of P. clarkii. According to the randomized block design, a total of 180 P. clarkii with an initial body weight of(7.78±0.80) g were randomly divided into 4 dietary treatment groups with 3 replicates of 15 P. clarkiis per replicate, and fed a isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diet including 0(control group), 10, 30 and 50 g/kg attapulgite for 35 days, respectively. The results showed that attapulgite supplementation significantly affected the leaching loss ratio of diets and did not affect the weight gain rate, daily weight gain rate, specific growth rate, the body length increase rate, feed/gain ratio and survival rate of P. clarkii. Compared with the control group, attapulgite could significantly reduce the accumulation of Pb in the muscle of P. clarkii living in the lead(Pb)-contaminated water when they were fed a diet supplemented with 30 g/kg attapulgite for 6 days. Attapulgite supplementation could improve the stability of feed in water, decrease Pb residue in the muscle and had no effect on the growth performance of P. clarkii. In addition, the optimal supplementation of attapulgite in the pellet diets of P. clarkii was 30 g/kg.
引文
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[14]陈笑冰,王小洁,麦康森,等.添加不同种类的黏合剂对微颗粒饲料物理性状及大菱鲆稚鱼生长状况的影响[J].2011,32(10):6-10.
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[17]A.C.Pappas,E.Zoidis,N.Theophilou,et al.Effects of palygorskite on broiler performance,feed technological characteristics and litter quality[J].Applied Clay Science,2010,49:276-280.
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[19]E.Galán.Properties and applications of palygorskite-sepiolite clays[J].Clay Minerals,1996,31(4):443-454.
[20]马玉恒,方卫民,马小杰.凹凸棒土研究与应用进展[J].材料导报,2006,20(9):43-46.
[21]胡涛,钱运华,金叶玲,等.凹凸棒土的应用研究[J].中国矿业,2005,14(10):73-76.
[22]P.Zhou,Y.Q.Tan,L.Zhang,et al.Effects of Dietary Supplementation with the Combination of Zeolite and Attapulgite on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility,Secretion of Digestive Enzymes and Intestinal Health in Broiler Chickens[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,27(9):1311-1318.
[23]Yueping Chen,Yefei Cheng,WeiliYang,et al.An evaluation of palygorskite inclusion on the growth performance and digestive function of broilers[J].Applied Clay Science,2016,129:1-6.
[24]王兴强,曹梅,阎斌伦,等.饲料中添加凹土对凡纳滨对虾存活和生长的影响[J].水生态学杂志,2008,1(1):149-152.
[25]Tang Q G,Shen S Y,Teng B X,et a1.Effect of large dose of attapulgite on animal growth and blood microenvironment[J].Advanced Materials Research,2010,96:41-48.
[26]Antonín Kouba,Milo?Bu?i?,Pavel Kozák.Bioaccumulation and effects of heavy metals in crayfish:a review[J].Water Air Soil Pollution,2010,211(1/4):5-16.
[27]Naqvi S M,Howell R D,Sholas M.Cadmium and lead residues in field-collected red swamp crayfish(Procambarus clarkii)and uptake by alligator weed[J].J.Environ.Sci.Health B.,1993,28(4):473-485.
[28]杨雪,冷智贤,颜瑞,等.凹凸棒石黏土对生长育肥猪生产性能、金属含量及肉品质的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2015,30(4):96-101.
[29]周岩民,郭芳,王恬.沸石及凹凸棒石黏土对铅、镉在肉鸡肌肉和肝脏中残留的影响[J].非金属矿,2007,30(5):7-9.
[30]方月梅,杨恩,范先媛,等.13X分子筛/凹凸棒土材料吸附Pb(Ⅱ)的研究[J].非金属矿,2018,41(2):88-91.
[2]王兴强,姜滢,曹梅,等.凹土的研究现状及在水产养殖业上的应用前景[J].水产科技情报,2006,33(4):183-186.
[3]Lei Zhang,Rui Yan,Ruiqiang Zhang,et al.Effect of different levels of palygorskite inclusion on pellet quality,growth performance and nutrient utilization in broilers[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2017,223:73-81.
[4]Chen Y P,Cheng Y F,Li X H,et al.Dietary palygorskite supplementation improves immunity,oxidative status,intestinal integrity,and barrier function of broilers at early age[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2016,219:200-209.
[5]Georgios A.Papadopoulos,Vasileios Kanoulas,et al.Effects of palygorskite dietary supplementation on back fat mobilization,leptin levels and oxidative stress parameters in sows[J].Applied Clay Science,2016,132-133:535-541.
[6]Ruiqiang Zhang,Xue Yang,Yueping Chen,et al.Effects of feed palygorskite inclusion on pelleting technological characteristics,growth performance and tissue trace elements content of blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycephala)[J].Applied Clay Science,2015,114:197-201.
[7]Y.F.Cheng,Y.P.Chen,X.H.Li,et al.Effects of Palygorskite Inclusion on the Growth Performance,Meat Quality,Antioxidant Ability,and Mineral Element Content of Broilers[J].Biol.Trace Elem.Res.,2016,173:194-201.
[8]杨维维,沈美芳,刘文斌,等.大黄素对克氏螯虾生长、免疫、肝脏抗氧化以及肠道消化酶的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2013,29(6):1405-1410.
[9]陈树桥,陈勇,唐春萍,等.饲料来源对克氏原螯虾生长的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(9):214-215.
[10]李兆新,王唯芬,翟毓秀.对虾配合饲料水中稳定性的影响因素及其测定方法[J].海洋水产研究,2000,21(3):49-53.
[11]陆艳华.影响水产饲料水中稳定性的因素[J].中国饲料,2003(5):26,60.
[12]薛志成.水产饲料黏合剂在鱼、虾饲料中的正确应用及检测方法[J].江西饲料,2004(1):42-43.
[13]李苏,赵玉华,王卫民.不同形态饲料对养殖水体中氮磷含量及饲料溶失率的影响[J].华中农业大学学报[J].2009,28(1):80-83.
[14]陈笑冰,王小洁,麦康森,等.添加不同种类的黏合剂对微颗粒饲料物理性状及大菱鲆稚鱼生长状况的影响[J].2011,32(10):6-10.
[15]Leping Dang,Xiaojun Lang,Xu Li,et al.Effects of Formulation Parameters and Process Variables on the Properties of Granules Obtained by Reactive Granulation[J].Transactions of Tianjin University,2018,(3):224-233.
[16]张华荫,陈余玲.凹凸棒土粉在鱼类颗粒饵料加工中的应用[J].安徽农业科学,1995,23(3):278,281.
[17]A.C.Pappas,E.Zoidis,N.Theophilou,et al.Effects of palygorskite on broiler performance,feed technological characteristics and litter quality[J].Applied Clay Science,2010,49:276-280.
[18]肖金松,罗有文.凹凸棒石黏土在动物生产上的应用及其作用机制[J].江西农业学报,2008,20(10):97-99.
[19]E.Galán.Properties and applications of palygorskite-sepiolite clays[J].Clay Minerals,1996,31(4):443-454.
[20]马玉恒,方卫民,马小杰.凹凸棒土研究与应用进展[J].材料导报,2006,20(9):43-46.
[21]胡涛,钱运华,金叶玲,等.凹凸棒土的应用研究[J].中国矿业,2005,14(10):73-76.
[22]P.Zhou,Y.Q.Tan,L.Zhang,et al.Effects of Dietary Supplementation with the Combination of Zeolite and Attapulgite on Growth Performance,Nutrient Digestibility,Secretion of Digestive Enzymes and Intestinal Health in Broiler Chickens[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,27(9):1311-1318.
[23]Yueping Chen,Yefei Cheng,WeiliYang,et al.An evaluation of palygorskite inclusion on the growth performance and digestive function of broilers[J].Applied Clay Science,2016,129:1-6.
[24]王兴强,曹梅,阎斌伦,等.饲料中添加凹土对凡纳滨对虾存活和生长的影响[J].水生态学杂志,2008,1(1):149-152.
[25]Tang Q G,Shen S Y,Teng B X,et a1.Effect of large dose of attapulgite on animal growth and blood microenvironment[J].Advanced Materials Research,2010,96:41-48.
[26]Antonín Kouba,Milo?Bu?i?,Pavel Kozák.Bioaccumulation and effects of heavy metals in crayfish:a review[J].Water Air Soil Pollution,2010,211(1/4):5-16.
[27]Naqvi S M,Howell R D,Sholas M.Cadmium and lead residues in field-collected red swamp crayfish(Procambarus clarkii)and uptake by alligator weed[J].J.Environ.Sci.Health B.,1993,28(4):473-485.
[28]杨雪,冷智贤,颜瑞,等.凹凸棒石黏土对生长育肥猪生产性能、金属含量及肉品质的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2015,30(4):96-101.
[29]周岩民,郭芳,王恬.沸石及凹凸棒石黏土对铅、镉在肉鸡肌肉和肝脏中残留的影响[J].非金属矿,2007,30(5):7-9.
[30]方月梅,杨恩,范先媛,等.13X分子筛/凹凸棒土材料吸附Pb(Ⅱ)的研究[J].非金属矿,2018,41(2):88-91.