遮荫植被对高密度人群地UVB辐射的影响——以福建农林大学为例
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摘要
以福建农林大学为例,选取香樟、木棉、悬铃木和榕树4种主要遮荫乔木作为研究对象,利用UVB辐射记录仪测定树木遮荫及全日照条件下UVB辐射强度,并从天空和地面辐射同时进行测量,分析不同树种的UVB辐射差异,从而优化遮荫植被对高密度人群地的紫外辐射.结果表明:不同遮荫植被林下的UVB天空辐射日总量的主要影响因素是植被的叶面积指数,叶面积指数越大,UVB日辐射总量越小;不同遮荫植被林下的UVB地面辐射日总量的主要影响因素,除了与UVB天空辐射强度有关,还与植被的林下覆盖物有关,林下地被植被的UVB辐射吸收效应要明显优于硬质路面;无论是UVB天空辐射,还是UVB地面辐射,树荫下和全日照下的辐射值具有显著的差异,可见遮荫植被对UVB辐射具有很好的屏蔽效应.
In this study,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University was taken as an example.The four main shading trees,namely camphor,kapok,sycamore and eucalyptus,were selected as the research objects.The UVB radiation recorder was used to measure the UVB radiation intensity under shading and full sunlight conditions.Simultaneous measurement from the sky and ground radiation,analysis of UVB radiation differences of different tree species,so as to effectively optimize the ultraviolet radiation of the shaded vegetation to high-density population.The results showed that:The main influencing factors of the total amount of UVB sky radiation under different shaded vegetation forests were the leaf area index of vegetation.The larger the leaf area index,the smaller the total amount of UVB daily radiation.The different coverage the main influencing factors of the daily amount of UVB ground radiation under the shaded vegetation forest are related to the UVB sky radiation intensity and the undergrowth cover of the vegetation.The UVB radiation absorption effect of the understory vegetation is obviously due to the hard pavement.Whether it is UVB sky radiation or UVB ground radiation,there is a significant difference in the radiation values under the shade and under full sunlight.It can be seen that the shading vegetation has a good shielding effect on UVB radiation.
In this study,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University was taken as an example.The four main shading trees,namely camphor,kapok,sycamore and eucalyptus,were selected as the research objects.The UVB radiation recorder was used to measure the UVB radiation intensity under shading and full sunlight conditions.Simultaneous measurement from the sky and ground radiation,analysis of UVB radiation differences of different tree species,so as to effectively optimize the ultraviolet radiation of the shaded vegetation to high-density population.The results showed that:The main influencing factors of the total amount of UVB sky radiation under different shaded vegetation forests were the leaf area index of vegetation.The larger the leaf area index,the smaller the total amount of UVB daily radiation.The different coverage the main influencing factors of the daily amount of UVB ground radiation under the shaded vegetation forest are related to the UVB sky radiation intensity and the undergrowth cover of the vegetation.The UVB radiation absorption effect of the understory vegetation is obviously due to the hard pavement.Whether it is UVB sky radiation or UVB ground radiation,there is a significant difference in the radiation values under the shade and under full sunlight.It can be seen that the shading vegetation has a good shielding effect on UVB radiation.
引文
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[10]郑思俊,张庆费,夏檑,等.上海人工绿地群落UVB屏蔽效应与冠层特征的关系[J].生态环境学报,2008,17(4):1523-1527.
[11]李霄鹤,兰思仁.大学校园生态水景的设计探析:以福建农林大学观音湖生态景观改造为例[J].海南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,31(2):162-167.
[12]福州气候背景分析[EB/OL].(2012-05-25)[2018-12-15].http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101230101.shtml.''
[2]孙振令,彭长连,陈贻竹.植物对增强UV-B辐射和SO2的响应[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2000,8(4):353-360.
[3]吴永波,薛建辉.UV-B辐射增强对植物影响的研究进展[J].世界林业研究,2004,17(3):29-31.
[4]唐立飒.紫外线对人体的危害[J].中国社会医学杂志,1998(4):180-181.
[5]张玲.紫外线的危害及防护[J].技术物理教学,2005,13(1):47-48.
[6]AGNES TAKACS,KISS M,HOF A,et al.Microclimate modification by urban shade trees:An integrated approach to aid ecosystem service based decision-making[J].Procedia Environmental Sciences,2016,32:97-109.
[7]SANUSI R,JOHNSTONE D,MAY P,et al.Microclimate benefits that different street tree species provide to sidewalk pedestrians relate to differences in plant area index[J].Landscape&Urban Planning,2017,157:502-511.
[8]李海涛,胡东,廖迎春,等.北京市六种园林绿化树种对UVB的屏蔽效应[J].城市环境与城市生态,2003(6):139-141.
[9]杨莹,安慧君,王冰,等.呼和浩特地区5种园林绿化树种UVB屏蔽效应研究[J].环境科学与技术,2011,34(4):31-34.
[10]郑思俊,张庆费,夏檑,等.上海人工绿地群落UVB屏蔽效应与冠层特征的关系[J].生态环境学报,2008,17(4):1523-1527.
[11]李霄鹤,兰思仁.大学校园生态水景的设计探析:以福建农林大学观音湖生态景观改造为例[J].海南大学学报(自然科学版),2013,31(2):162-167.
[12]福州气候背景分析[EB/OL].(2012-05-25)[2018-12-15].http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101230101.shtml.''