贮前光照处理对伽师瓜贮藏品质及部分防御酶活性影响
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摘要
以伽师瓜为试材,研究了采后贮前经4500 lux光照处理对25℃下贮藏的甜瓜果实品质及部分酶活性的影响。伽师瓜在贮藏前处理阶段经光照强度4500 lux,贮藏温度25℃保存,后期贮藏阶段经0 lux,7℃保存,测定整个贮藏期间果实硬度及失重率、可溶性固形物、果皮色素含量、还原糖含量,以及过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性。结果表明:伽师瓜经光照,软化加快,并显著地提高了果实失重率(p <0.05);经过49 d贮藏,光照果实可溶性固形物含量仅下降了25.13%,还原糖含量上升了65.0%;光照促使伽师瓜果皮色素含量的积累,光照与避光两种色素含量变化均存在显著差异(p <0.05);同时,光照CAT、POD、PPO酶活性均高于避光处理,且果皮酶活性均显著大于果肉(p <0.05)。
Jiashi melon was used as experimental material. The effects of 4500 lux illumination treatment on the quality and some enzyme activities of melons stored at 25 ℃ before storage were studied.Jiashi melon was stored at a pre-storage stage with an illumination intensity of 4500 lux,25 ℃.The later storage stage was stored at 0 lux,7 ℃.Determination of fruit firmness and weight loss rate,soluble solids,pericarp pigment content,reducing sugar content during storage,and the activities of catalase( CAT),peroxidase( POD),polyphenol oxidase( PPO) activity were also tested.The results revealed that Jiashi melon softened after illumination and significantly increased the weight loss rate of the fruit( p < 0.05).After 49 days of storage,the content of illumination soluble solids decreased by 25.13%,and the content of reducing sugar increased by 65.0%. The illumination caused the accumulation of pigment content in the pericarp of Jiashi melon,and there were significant differences in the changes of the pigment content between illumination and dark( p < 0.05).The enzyme activities of CAT,POD and PPO in Jiashi melon were higher than those in the control,also the pericarp was significantly greater than the sarcocarp( p < 0.05).
Jiashi melon was used as experimental material. The effects of 4500 lux illumination treatment on the quality and some enzyme activities of melons stored at 25 ℃ before storage were studied.Jiashi melon was stored at a pre-storage stage with an illumination intensity of 4500 lux,25 ℃.The later storage stage was stored at 0 lux,7 ℃.Determination of fruit firmness and weight loss rate,soluble solids,pericarp pigment content,reducing sugar content during storage,and the activities of catalase( CAT),peroxidase( POD),polyphenol oxidase( PPO) activity were also tested.The results revealed that Jiashi melon softened after illumination and significantly increased the weight loss rate of the fruit( p < 0.05).After 49 days of storage,the content of illumination soluble solids decreased by 25.13%,and the content of reducing sugar increased by 65.0%. The illumination caused the accumulation of pigment content in the pericarp of Jiashi melon,and there were significant differences in the changes of the pigment content between illumination and dark( p < 0.05).The enzyme activities of CAT,POD and PPO in Jiashi melon were higher than those in the control,also the pericarp was significantly greater than the sarcocarp( p < 0.05).
引文
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[2]张新慧.哈密瓜产业发展中存在的问题及对策措施[J].新疆农业科技,2002(z1):63.
[3]Buchert A M,Gomez Lobato M E,Villarreal N M,et al.Effect of visible light treatments on postharvest senescence of broccoli(Brassica oleracea L.)[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2011,91(2):355-361.
[4]Lewington R J,Simon E W. The Effect of light on the senescence of detached cucumber cotyledons[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany,1969,20(62):138-144.
[5]王仲田,高海峰,王兰竹,等.哈密瓜贮藏保鲜的研究Ⅰ.贮藏期间果实呼吸作用与贮藏性的关系[J].植物生理学报,1978(1):71-76.
[6]郑杨,曹敏,申琳,等.短波紫外线照射对韭菜采后贮藏品质及活性氧代谢相关酶的影响[J].食品科学,2011,32(20):307-311.
[7]朱广廉,钟诲文,张爱琴.植物生理学试验[M].北京:北京大学出版社,1990:43-44.
[8]陈存坤,高芙蓉,薛文通,等.臭氧处理对新疆厚皮甜瓜贮藏品质和生理特性的影响[J].食品科学,2016,37(20):215-220.
[9]Ren Y,Wang Y,Bi Y,et al. Postharvest BTH treatment induced disease resistance and enhanced reactive oxygen species metabolism in muskmelon(Cucumis melo L.)fruit[J]. European Food Research&Technology,2012,234(6):963-971.
[10]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:166-168.
[11]曹建康,姜微波,赵玉梅.果蔬采后生理生化试验指导[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2007:101-105,120-122.
[12]谢兆森.日灼对酿酒葡萄‘霞多丽’果实品质与解剖结构的影响[J].西北植物学报,2018,38(1):68-76.
[13]耿新丽,张银欢,张翠环.弱光胁迫对不同甜瓜果实大小发育的影响[J].北方园艺,2015(14):27-30.
[14]Wang Y,Li W,Cai W,et al.Visible light exposure reduces the drip loss of fresh-cut watermelon[J].Journal of Food Science and Technology,2018,55(5):1816-1822.
[15]Liu L H,Zabaras D,Bennett L E,et al.Effects of UV-C,red light and sun light on the carotenoid content and physical qualities of tomatoes during post-harvest storage[J]. Food Chemistry,2009,115(2):495-500.
[16]陈年来,安翠香,方春媛,等.光照强度对甜瓜果实糖分积累的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(1):164-169.
[17]程龙玲,周守标,吴晓艳,等.弯囊苔草对Pb2+胁迫的响应及其Pb富集能力[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(4):216-220.
[18]Yang J H,Yuan G,Li Y M,et al. Salicylic acid-induced enhancement of cold tolerance through activation of antioxidative capacity in watermelon[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2008,118(3):200-205.
[19]王仲田,王兰竹,王惠,等.哈密瓜贮藏技术中晒瓜对其损耗、呼吸和乙醇含量及其几种氧化酶活性的影响[J].西北植物学报,1982(2):75-80.
[20]刘蓉,杨国伟,吴月燕,等.光照强度对葡萄愈伤组织形成过程中相关酶活性和基因表达的影响[J].生物工程学报,2015,31(8):1219-1229.
[21]张建光,李英丽,刘玉芳,等.高温、强光对苹果树冠不同方位果皮的氧化胁迫研究[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(12):1976-1980.
[22]Roberts M R,Paul N D.Seduced by the dark side:Integrating molecular and ecological perspectives on the inflence of light on plant defence against pests and pathogens[J]. New Phytologist,2006,170(4):677-699.
[23]Zhan L,Hu J,Lim L T,et al.Light exposure inhibiting tissue browning and improving antioxidant capacity of fresh-cut celery(Apium graveolens var. dulce)[J]. Food Chemistry,2013,141(3):2473-2478.
[24]Xiao Z,Lester G E,Luo Y,et al.Effect of light exposure on sensorial quality,concentrations of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of radish microgreens during low temperature storage[J].Food Chemistry,2014,151(10):472-479.
[25]詹丽娟,魏国强,乔明武,等.光照处理提高鲜切西兰花贮藏品质[J].食品科学,2012,33(14):296-300.
[26]Kim M J,Tang C H,Bang W S,et al.Antibacterial effect of405±5 nm light emitting diode illumination against Escherichia coli O157∶H7,Listeria monocytogenes,and Salmonella on the surface of fresh-cut mango and its influence on fruit quality[J].International Journal of Food Microbiology,2017,244:82-89.
[27]Ali M B,Hahn E J,Paek K Y.Effects of light intensities on antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde content during shortterm acclimatization on micropropagated Phalaenopsis,plantlet[J]. Environmental and Experimental Botany,2005,54(2):109-120.
[28]Wu J,Baldwin I T.Herbivory-induced signalling in plants:Perception and action[J]. Plant Cell and Environment,2009,32(9):1161-1174.
[29]Yi fang L U,Shi L,Yan S,et al. Effects of different light intensities on activities of the primary defense proteins in needles of Larix gmelinii[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(11):3621-3627.