甬优4949和超优1000在华中地区再生稻种植的氮肥运筹研究
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摘要
【目的】研究不同氮肥运筹处理下,超优1000、甬优4949作再生稻种植时的产量、氮肥偏生产力以及再生力的表现,以期为超优1000和甬优4949引入再生稻系统提供理论依据。【方法】试验为裂区设计,主区为氮肥处理,共设置了6个不同的氮肥处理,分别为N_1(120_(main)150_(ratoon))、N_2(120_(main)225_(ratoon))、N_3(185_(main)150_(ratoon))、N_4(185_(main)225_(ratoon))、N_5(250_(main)150_(ratoon))、N_6(250_(main)225_(ratoon));品种为副区(甬优4949、超优1000,两优6326作为再生稻大面积种植的对照品种)。测定不同品种在不同氮肥运筹下株高、分蘖数、叶面积指数、地上部生物量、产量、产量构成因子和成熟籽粒氮含量。【结果】试验结果表明,在头季,两优6326、超优1000、甬优4949最高产量分别为9.16 t/hm~2、9.08 t/hm~2和11.15 t/hm~2,其对应的施氮量分别为185 kg/hm~2、120 kg/hm~2和185 kg/hm~2。三个品种在高施氮量下(225 kg/hm~2)的平均再生季产量分别为5.41 t/hm~2、4.98 t/hm~2、6.02 t/hm~2,在低施氮量下(150kg/hm~2)的平均再生季产量分别为5.78 t/hm~2、5.41 t/hm~2、6.49 t/hm~2。然而,三个品种在低氮处理下的氮肥偏生产力均显著高于高氮处理。综合产量和氮肥偏生产力,甬优4949的最优氮肥运筹应与两优6326保持一致(185_(main)150_(ratoon)),而超优1000在目前的产量水平下的头季施氮量低于两优6326(120 kg/hm~2),而再生季可与两优6326保持一致。【结论】甬优4949可在华中地区作再生稻种植并且氮肥运筹模式可与两优6326保持一致,而超优1000由于生育期太长,再生季不能完全成熟,不适合在华中地区作再生稻种植。
【Objective】The grain yield, nitrogen partial factor productivity(PFPN) and regeneration rate of Chaoyou 1000(CY1000) and Yongyou 4949(YY4949) were investigated in ratoon rice system under various nitrogen rates. And the possibilities of introducing these varieties into ratoon rice system in central China were also evaluated.【Method】The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with four replications. The nitrogen rates were designed as main plots with six levels: N_1(120_(main)150_(ratoon)), N_2(120_(main)225_(ratoon)), N_3(185_(main)150_(ratoon)), N_4(185_(main)225_(ratoon)), N_5(250_(main)150_(ratoon)), N_6(250_(main)225_(ratoon)). The varieties [YY4949, CY1000, Liangyou 6326(LY6326, as control)] were set as sub-plots. The plant height, tiller numbers, leaf area index, aboveground biomass, grain yield, yield components and grain nitrogen concentration of each variety were measured under various nitrogen rates.【Result】The highest grain yields in the main season were 9.16t/hm~2, 9.08t/hm~2 and 11.15t/hm~2 at the N levels of 185 kg/hm~2, 120 kg/hm~2 and 185 kg/hm~2 in LY6326, CY1000 and YY4949, respectively.The average yields of LY6326, YY4949 and CY1000 in ratoon season were 5.41t/hm~2, 4.98t/hm~2, 6.02t/hm~2 and 5.78t/hm~2, 5.41t/hm2, 6.49t/hm~2 at the nitrogen levels of 225kg/hm~2 and 150kg/hm~2, respectively. Moreover, the increases in nitrogen input(from 150 to 225kg/hm~2) significantly decreased the PFPN. In summary, it suggested that the optimum nitrogen management for LY6326 and YY4949 should be N_3(185kg/hm~2 during main season and 150kg/hm~2 during ratoon season).【Conclusion】The N management practice of YY4949 should be consistent with that of LY6326 when YY4949 was introduced into ratoon rice system, while the whole growth duration of CY1000 was too long to ensure maturity of ratoon season, so it is not suitable for ratoon rice production in Central China.
【Objective】The grain yield, nitrogen partial factor productivity(PFPN) and regeneration rate of Chaoyou 1000(CY1000) and Yongyou 4949(YY4949) were investigated in ratoon rice system under various nitrogen rates. And the possibilities of introducing these varieties into ratoon rice system in central China were also evaluated.【Method】The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with four replications. The nitrogen rates were designed as main plots with six levels: N_1(120_(main)150_(ratoon)), N_2(120_(main)225_(ratoon)), N_3(185_(main)150_(ratoon)), N_4(185_(main)225_(ratoon)), N_5(250_(main)150_(ratoon)), N_6(250_(main)225_(ratoon)). The varieties [YY4949, CY1000, Liangyou 6326(LY6326, as control)] were set as sub-plots. The plant height, tiller numbers, leaf area index, aboveground biomass, grain yield, yield components and grain nitrogen concentration of each variety were measured under various nitrogen rates.【Result】The highest grain yields in the main season were 9.16t/hm~2, 9.08t/hm~2 and 11.15t/hm~2 at the N levels of 185 kg/hm~2, 120 kg/hm~2 and 185 kg/hm~2 in LY6326, CY1000 and YY4949, respectively.The average yields of LY6326, YY4949 and CY1000 in ratoon season were 5.41t/hm~2, 4.98t/hm~2, 6.02t/hm~2 and 5.78t/hm~2, 5.41t/hm2, 6.49t/hm~2 at the nitrogen levels of 225kg/hm~2 and 150kg/hm~2, respectively. Moreover, the increases in nitrogen input(from 150 to 225kg/hm~2) significantly decreased the PFPN. In summary, it suggested that the optimum nitrogen management for LY6326 and YY4949 should be N_3(185kg/hm~2 during main season and 150kg/hm~2 during ratoon season).【Conclusion】The N management practice of YY4949 should be consistent with that of LY6326 when YY4949 was introduced into ratoon rice system, while the whole growth duration of CY1000 was too long to ensure maturity of ratoon season, so it is not suitable for ratoon rice production in Central China.
引文
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[13]陈健晓,孟卫东,林朝上.超级稻苗头组合超优1000在海南三亚6.82 hm2连片高产示范表现及栽培技术.杂交水稻,2016,31(3):40-42.Chen X J,Meng W D,Lin C S.Performance and cultivation techniques of promising super hybrid rice combination Chaoyou 1000 in the 6.82 hm2 large demonstrative production at Sanya,Hainan.Hybrid Rice,2016,31(3):40-42.(in Chinese with English abstract)
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