琼东南盆地深水区气田凝析油成熟度判别和成因分析
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摘要
利用原油物性及地球化学特征等资料,运用多参数对琼东南盆地深水区气田凝析油成熟度进行了综合判别,结合区域地质背景,深入分析了凝析油的成因类型与成藏机制。研究表明:琼东南盆地深水气田凝析油具有密度低、含蜡量低、高奥利烷和双杜松烷等特征。同时,研究区凝析油表现出低碳数正构烷烃散失,具异常高含量的苯、甲苯等轻质芳烃,以及高芳香度和低石蜡度等遭受蒸发分馏的原油特征。深水区凝析油不同组成的成熟度参数反映的成熟度存在差异,中间组成的成熟度参数更能反映原油成熟度真值,说明深水区气田凝析油处于成熟阶段。成因上,深水区崖城组烃源岩在成熟阶段生成的正常原油遭受晚期高成熟天然气的蒸发分馏改造,气相组分沿着底辟断裂从饱和的原油中分异出来从而形成凝析油气藏。
Based on the data of physical properties and geochemical characteristics of crude oil,several parameters were used to comprehensively discriminate the maturity of condensate in deep water gas fields of Qiongdongnan basin,and the genetic types and accumulation mechanism of condensate were analyzed in combination with the regional geological background.The studies suggest that the condensate in the deep water gas fields of Qiongdongnan basin is characterized by low density,low wax content,high content of oleanane and seco-bicajidinane.At the same time,the condensate in the study area exhibits the crude oil features of low carbon number normal paraffin absent,unusually high content of light aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene,and high aromatic content and low paraffin content influenced by evaporation fractionation.The maturity parameters of condensate with different components in the deep water area reflect the differences on maturity,and the maturity parameters of intermediate components can better reflect the true value of crude oil maturity,indicating that the condensate in the deep water gas fields is at its mature stage.As to the genesis,the normal crude oil generated in the mature stage of the Yacheng Formation source rocks in the deep water area was revamped by the evaporation fractionation of the high mature natural gas in the late period,and the gas phase components were separated from the saturated crude oil along the diapir rupture to form the condensate reservoir.
Based on the data of physical properties and geochemical characteristics of crude oil,several parameters were used to comprehensively discriminate the maturity of condensate in deep water gas fields of Qiongdongnan basin,and the genetic types and accumulation mechanism of condensate were analyzed in combination with the regional geological background.The studies suggest that the condensate in the deep water gas fields of Qiongdongnan basin is characterized by low density,low wax content,high content of oleanane and seco-bicajidinane.At the same time,the condensate in the study area exhibits the crude oil features of low carbon number normal paraffin absent,unusually high content of light aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene,and high aromatic content and low paraffin content influenced by evaporation fractionation.The maturity parameters of condensate with different components in the deep water area reflect the differences on maturity,and the maturity parameters of intermediate components can better reflect the true value of crude oil maturity,indicating that the condensate in the deep water gas fields is at its mature stage.As to the genesis,the normal crude oil generated in the mature stage of the Yacheng Formation source rocks in the deep water area was revamped by the evaporation fractionation of the high mature natural gas in the late period,and the gas phase components were separated from the saturated crude oil along the diapir rupture to form the condensate reservoir.
引文
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[14] MANGO F D.The light hydrocarbons in petroleum:A critical review[J].Organic Geochemistry,1997(7/8):417-440.
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[19]陈军红,傅家谟,盛国英,等.金刚烷化合物的结构特性及其地球化学意义[J].科学通报,1996,41(6):524-527.CHEN Junhong,FU Jiamo,SHENG Guoying,et al.Structural characteristics and geochemical significance of diamantane hydrocarbons[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1996,41(6):524-527.
[20] PETERS K E,WALTERS C C,MOLDWAN J M.The biomarker guide[M].Cambridge University Press,2005.
[21] KISSIN Y V.Catagenesis and composition of petroleum:Origin of n-alkanes and is alkanes in petroleum crudes[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1987,51(9):2445-2457.
[22]姚哲,王振峰,左倩媚,等.琼东南盆地中央峡谷深水大气田形成关键要素与勘探前景[J].石油学报,2015,36(11):1358-1366.YAO Zhe,WANG Zhenfeng,ZUO Qianmei,et al.Critical factors for the formation of large-scale deepwater gas field in central canyon system of Southeast Hainan basin and its exploration potential[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(11):1358-1366.
[2]徐新德,张迎朝,梁刚,等.南海北部琼东南盆地深水区烃源条件及天然气成藏机制[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(11):1985-1992.XU Xinde,ZHANG Yingzhao,LIANG Gang,et al.Hydrocarbon source condition and accumulation mechanism of natural gas in deepwater area of Qiongdongnan Basin,northern South China Sea[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(11):1985-1992.
[3]黄保家,李绪深,王振峰,等.琼东南盆地深水区烃源岩地球化学特征与天然气潜力[J].中国海上油气,2012,24(4):1-7.HUANG Baojia,LI Xushen,WANG Zhenfeng,et al.Source rock geochemistry and gas potential in the deep water area,Qiongdongnan basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2012,24(4):1-7.
[4]王振峰,李绪深,孙志鹏,等.琼东南盆地深水区油气成藏条件和勘探潜力[J].中国海上油气,2011,23(1):7-13.WANG Zhenfeng,LI Xushen,SUN Zhipeng,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and exploration potential in the deep-water region,Qiongdongnan basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2011,23(1):7-13.
[5]黄保家,王振峰,梁刚.琼东南盆地深水区中央峡谷天然气来源及运聚模式[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(5):8-14.HUANG Baojia,WANG Zhenfeng,LIANG Gang.Natural gas source and migration-accumulation pattern in the central canyon,the deep water area,Qiongdongnan basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2014,26(5):8-14.
[6]梁刚,甘军,李兴.琼东南盆地陵水凹陷天然气成因类型及来源[J].中国海上油气,2015,27(4):47-53.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2015.04.007.LIANG Gang,GAN Jun,LI Xing.Genetic types and origin of natural gas in Lingshui sag,Qiongdongnan basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2015,27(4):47-53.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2015.04.007.
[7] WANG Zhenfeng,SUN Zhipeng,ZHANG Daojun,et al.Geology and hydrocarbon accumulation in the deepwater of the northwestern South China Sea:with focus on natural gas[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(10):57-70.
[8]黄合庭,黄保家,黄义文,等.南海西部深水区大气田凝析油成因与油气成藏机制:以琼东南盆地陵水17-2气田为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(3):380-388.HUANG Heting,HUANG Baojia,HUANG Yiwen,et al.Condensate origin and hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism of the deepwater giant gas field in western South China Sea:A case study of Lingshui 17-2gas field in Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(3):380-388.
[9]何文祥,王培荣,潘贤庄,等.莺-琼盆地原油的蒸发分馏作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(4):52-54.HE Wenxiang,WANG Peirong,PAN Xianzhuang,et al.Evaporative fraction of crude oils in the Ying-Qiong Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(4):52-54.
[10]何文祥,王培荣,潘贤庄,等.莺-琼盆地原油成熟度研究[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(4):387-390.HE Wenxiang,WANG Peirong,PAN Xianzhuang,et al.The study of maturity of crude oil in YingQiong basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(4):387-390.
[11] THOMPSON K F M.Fractionated aromatic petroleum and generation of gas-condensates[J].Organic Geochemistry,1987,11(6):573-590.
[12] THOMPSON K F M.Classification and thermal history of petroleum based on light hydrocarbons[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1983,47(2):303-316.
[13]程克明,金伟明,向忠华,等.陆相原油及凝析油的轻烃单体烃组成特征及地质意义[J].石油勘探与开发,1987,14(1):34-43.CHENG Keming,JIN Weiming,XIANG Zhonghua,et al.Composition characteristics of light hydrocarbons in continental oil and condensate and their geological significance[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1987,14(1):34-43.
[14] MANGO F D.The light hydrocarbons in petroleum:A critical review[J].Organic Geochemistry,1997(7/8):417-440.
[15] BEMENT W O,MANGO F D.The temperature of oil generation as defined with C7chemistry maturity parameter(2,4-DMP/2,3-DMP ratio[J].Environment and Human History,1995,27(4):407-411.
[16] MUKHOPADHYAY P K,DOW W G.Vitrinite reflectance as a maturity parameter:Application and limitations[M].Washington D C:American Chemical Society,1994:3-24.
[17]侯读杰,冯子辉.油气地球化学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:168-190.HOU Dujie,FENG Zihui.Oil and gas geochemistry[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011:168-190.
[18] RADKE M,WELTE D H,WILLSCH H.Geochemical study on a well in the western Canada Basin:Relation of aromatic distribution pattern to maturity of organic matter[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1982,46(1):1-10.
[19]陈军红,傅家谟,盛国英,等.金刚烷化合物的结构特性及其地球化学意义[J].科学通报,1996,41(6):524-527.CHEN Junhong,FU Jiamo,SHENG Guoying,et al.Structural characteristics and geochemical significance of diamantane hydrocarbons[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1996,41(6):524-527.
[20] PETERS K E,WALTERS C C,MOLDWAN J M.The biomarker guide[M].Cambridge University Press,2005.
[21] KISSIN Y V.Catagenesis and composition of petroleum:Origin of n-alkanes and is alkanes in petroleum crudes[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1987,51(9):2445-2457.
[22]姚哲,王振峰,左倩媚,等.琼东南盆地中央峡谷深水大气田形成关键要素与勘探前景[J].石油学报,2015,36(11):1358-1366.YAO Zhe,WANG Zhenfeng,ZUO Qianmei,et al.Critical factors for the formation of large-scale deepwater gas field in central canyon system of Southeast Hainan basin and its exploration potential[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(11):1358-1366.