双馈风电系统虚拟同步控制的阻抗建模及稳定性分析
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摘要
双馈风电系统在弱电网条件下与电网交互作用带来的稳定性问题凸显,采用虚拟同步控制策略为电网提供频率支撑的同时可能存在小扰动稳定性问题。该文针对虚拟同步控制下双馈风电系统的并网稳定性问题,提出一种dq旋转坐标系下输出阻抗建模的稳定性分析方法。首先,基于双馈风电系统的虚拟同步控制策略,利用小扰动分析方法,推导计及功率外环的双馈风电系统的阻抗模型。其次,获取虚拟同步控制下双馈风电系统输出阻抗特性,并通过基于模型的频率扫描方法进行比较验证。最后,利用广义奈奎斯特判据,分析不同电网强度和控制参数对虚拟同步控制下双馈风电系统稳定性的影响,并通过时域仿真结果进行对比验证。结果表明,由于功率外环作用,虚拟同步控制下双馈风电系统可能存在低频段稳定性风险,通过适当增大虚拟惯性时间常数和虚拟阻尼系数可提高其并网运行的稳定性。
The stability problem of interaction between doubly fed induction generator(DFIG) based wind generation systems and the weak grid is highlighted, however the virtual synchronous control based DFIG wind generation systems may have small disturbance stability problem while providing frequency support for the weak grid. Aiming at the grid-connected stability problem of the virtual synchronous control based DFIG, this paper proposed a stability analysis method by using the output impedance modeling in dq rotating coordinate system. Firstly, considering the impact of the power loop, the impedance model of virtual synchronous control based DFIG was derived by using the small disturbance analysis method. Secondly, the output impedance characteristics of the virtual synchronous control based DFIG were obtained and validated by model-based frequency scanning method. Finally, the influence of different grid strengths and control parameters on the stability of the virtual synchronous control based DFIG was analyzed by using the generalized Nyquist criterion(GNC), and the results were compared and verified by time domain simulation. The results show that due to the power loop, the virtual synchronous control based on DFIG may have low frequency stability risk.By appropriately increasing the virtual inertia time constant and virtual damping coefficient, the stability of the grid-connected operation can be improved.
The stability problem of interaction between doubly fed induction generator(DFIG) based wind generation systems and the weak grid is highlighted, however the virtual synchronous control based DFIG wind generation systems may have small disturbance stability problem while providing frequency support for the weak grid. Aiming at the grid-connected stability problem of the virtual synchronous control based DFIG, this paper proposed a stability analysis method by using the output impedance modeling in dq rotating coordinate system. Firstly, considering the impact of the power loop, the impedance model of virtual synchronous control based DFIG was derived by using the small disturbance analysis method. Secondly, the output impedance characteristics of the virtual synchronous control based DFIG were obtained and validated by model-based frequency scanning method. Finally, the influence of different grid strengths and control parameters on the stability of the virtual synchronous control based DFIG was analyzed by using the generalized Nyquist criterion(GNC), and the results were compared and verified by time domain simulation. The results show that due to the power loop, the virtual synchronous control based on DFIG may have low frequency stability risk.By appropriately increasing the virtual inertia time constant and virtual damping coefficient, the stability of the grid-connected operation can be improved.
引文
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[15]谢震,孟浩,张兴,等.基于定子虚拟阻抗的双馈风电机组虚拟同步控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(9):157-163,187.Xie Zhen,Meng Hao,Zhang Xing,et al.Virtual synchronous control strategy of DFIG-based wind turbines based on stator virtual impedance[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(9):157-163,187(in Chinese).
[16]葛俊,刘辉,江浩,等.虚拟同步发电机并网运行适应性分析及探讨[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(9):26-35.Ge Jun,Liu Hui,Jiang Hao,et al.Analysis and investigation on grid-connected operation adaptability of virtual synchronous generators[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(9):26-35(in Chinese).
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[18]Wen Bo,Boroyevich D,Burgos R,et al.Analysis of D-Qsmall-signal impedance of grid-tied inverters[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(1):675-687.
[2]桑顺,高宁,蔡旭,等.功率-电压控制型并网逆变器及其弱电网适应性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(8):2339-2350.Sang Shun,Gao Ning,Cai Xu,et al.A power-voltage controlled grid-connected inverter and its adaptability research under weak grid conditions[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(8):2339-2350(in Chinese).
[3]张琛,蔡旭,李征.具有自主电网同步与弱网稳定运行能力的双馈风电机组控制方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(2):476-485.Zhang Chen,Cai Xu,Li Zheng.Control of DFIG-based wind turbines with the capability of automatic grid-synchronization and stable operation under weak grid condition[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(2):476-485(in Chinese).
[4]Song Yipeng,Wang Xiongfei,Blaabjerg F.Highfrequency resonance damping of DFIG-based wind power system under weak network[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(3):1927-1940.
[5]Song Yipeng,Blaabjerg F,Wang Xiongfei.Analysis and active damping of multiple high frequency resonances in DFIG system[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2017,32(1):369-381.
[6]吕敬,董鹏,施刚,等.大型双馈风电场经MMC-HVDC并网的次同步振荡及其抑制[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(19):4852-4860.LüJing,Dong Peng,Shi Gang,et al.Subsynchronous oscillation and its mitigation of MMC-based HVDC with large doubly-fed induction generator-based wind farm integration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(19):4852-4860(in Chinese).
[7]王旭斌,杜文娟,王海风.弱连接条件下并网VSC系统稳定性分析研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(6):1593-1604.Wang Xubin,Du Wenjuan,Wang Haifeng.Stability analysis of grid-tied VSC systems under weak connection conditions[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(6):1593-1604(in Chinese).
[8]刘怀远,徐殿国,武健,等.并网换流器系统谐振的分析、检测与消除[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(4):1061-1074.Liu Huaiyuan,Xu Dianguo,Wu Jian,et al.Analysis,detection and mitigation of resonance in grid-connected converter systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(4):1061-1074(in Chinese).
[9]陈新,王赟程,龚春英,等.采用阻抗分析方法的并网逆变器稳定性研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(7):2082-2094.Chen Xin,Wang Yuncheng,Gong Chunying,et al.Overview of stability research for grid-connected inverters based on impedance analysis method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(7):2082-2094(in Chinese).
[10]Vieto I,Sun Jian.Sequence impedance modeling and analysis of type-III wind turbines[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2018,33(2):537-545.
[11]张学广,马彦,王天一,等.弱电网下双馈发电机输入导纳建模及稳定性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(5):1507-1515.Zhang Xueguang,Ma Yan,Wang Tianyi,et al.Input admittance modeling and stability analysis of DFIG under weak grid condition[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(5):1507-1515(in Chinese).
[12]Wang Shuo,Hu Jiabing,Yuan Xiaoming.Virtual synchronous control for grid-connected DFIG-based wind turbines[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(4):932-944.
[13]Wang Shuo,Hu Jiabing,Yuan Xiaoming.DFIG-based wind turbines with virtual synchronous control:inertia support in weak grid[C]//Proceedings of 2015 IEEEPower&Energy Society General Meeting.Denver,CO,USA:IEEE,2015:1-14.
[14]Zhao Yangyang,Chai Jianyun,Sun Xudong.Virtual synchronous control of grid-connected DFIG-based wind turbines[C]//Proceedings of 2015 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition.Charlotte,NC,USA:IEEE,2015:2980-2983.
[15]谢震,孟浩,张兴,等.基于定子虚拟阻抗的双馈风电机组虚拟同步控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(9):157-163,187.Xie Zhen,Meng Hao,Zhang Xing,et al.Virtual synchronous control strategy of DFIG-based wind turbines based on stator virtual impedance[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(9):157-163,187(in Chinese).
[16]葛俊,刘辉,江浩,等.虚拟同步发电机并网运行适应性分析及探讨[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(9):26-35.Ge Jun,Liu Hui,Jiang Hao,et al.Analysis and investigation on grid-connected operation adaptability of virtual synchronous generators[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(9):26-35(in Chinese).
[17]辛焕海,董炜,袁小明,等.电力电子多馈入电力系统的广义短路比[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(22):6013-6027.Xin Huanhai,Dong Wei,Yuan Xiaoming,et al.Generalized short circuit ratio for multi power electronic based devices infeed to power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(22):6013-6027(in Chinese).
[18]Wen Bo,Boroyevich D,Burgos R,et al.Analysis of D-Qsmall-signal impedance of grid-tied inverters[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2016,31(1):675-687.