相数调整在燃料电池直流变换器中的应用
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摘要
轻载状态下燃料电池直流变换器的输出功率较低,若仍保留全部电子器件工作会导致直流变换器的效率降低,此时采用相数调整策略可以提高燃料电池直流-直流的转换效率。以四相交错并联Boost为研究对象,根据变换器各器件的功率损耗推导出单相Boost的效率方程式,从而绘制出不同工作相数下并联Boost变换器的效率曲线。分析了不同负载状态和开关频率对效率曲线的影响。仿真分析和实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性。在满足燃料电池低电压电流纹波的要求时,轻载状态下改变燃料电池直流变换器的在线工作相数,转换效率最大可以提高32%。
The output power of the fuel cell direct current-direct current( DC-DC) converter under light-load conditions were relatively low. If the operation of all electronic devices was still retained,the efficiency of the DC-DC converter would be reduced. At this time,the phase number adjustment strategy could improve the conversion efficiency of the fuel cell DC-DC. Taking the four-phase interleaved parallel Boost as the research object,the efficiency equation of the single-phase Boost was deduced from the power loss of each device of the converter,and the efficiency curve of the parallel Boost converter with different working phase numbers was plotted. The effect of different load states and switching frequencies on the efficiency curve was analyzed.Simulation analysis and experimental results verified the correctness of the theoretical analysis. Under the requirement of satisfying the low voltage current ripple of the fuel cell,changing the number of on-line working phases of the fuel cell DC-DC converter under light load conditions increases the conversion efficiency by 32% at the maximum.
The output power of the fuel cell direct current-direct current( DC-DC) converter under light-load conditions were relatively low. If the operation of all electronic devices was still retained,the efficiency of the DC-DC converter would be reduced. At this time,the phase number adjustment strategy could improve the conversion efficiency of the fuel cell DC-DC. Taking the four-phase interleaved parallel Boost as the research object,the efficiency equation of the single-phase Boost was deduced from the power loss of each device of the converter,and the efficiency curve of the parallel Boost converter with different working phase numbers was plotted. The effect of different load states and switching frequencies on the efficiency curve was analyzed.Simulation analysis and experimental results verified the correctness of the theoretical analysis. Under the requirement of satisfying the low voltage current ripple of the fuel cell,changing the number of on-line working phases of the fuel cell DC-DC converter under light load conditions increases the conversion efficiency by 32% at the maximum.
引文
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[3]杨平,许建平,董政,等.低输入电感电流纹波二次型Boost PFC变换器[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(12):32-38.
[4]LENG Z,LIU Q,SUN J,et al.A research of efficiency characteristic for buck converter[C]//Industrial Mechatronics and Automation(ICIMA).2010:232-235.
[5]孙晋坤,刘庆丰,冷朝霞,等.基于效率模型的DC-DC变换器并联系统电流分配策略[J].中国机电工程学报,2013,33(15):10-18.
[6]BARTAL P,HAMAR J,NAGY I.Efficiency improvement in modular DC/DC converters using unequal current sharing[C]//International Symposium on Power Electronics.2012:275-280.
[7]邵静宜.同步整流Buck变换器的损耗分析[J].信息技术,2017(3):133-136.
[8]王学梅,易根云,丘东元,等.基于伏秒平衡原理的Buck-Boost变换器分析[J].电气电子教学学报,2012,34(2):61-64.
[9]REINERT J,BROCKMEYER A,De DONCKER R.Calculation of losses in ferro-and ferrimagnetic materials based on the modified steinmetz equation[J].IEEE transactions on industry applications,2001,37(4):1055-1061.
[10]周岩,张俊波,陈麒米.开关变换器功率电感磁损建模及应用[J].电力自动化设备,2017,37(11):132-137.
[11]万承宽,杨耕.三相有源整流器中LCL滤波器主电感的优化设计[J].电力电子,2010(1):35-38.
[12]郭瑞,王磊,杨玉岗,等.一种多相交错并联磁耦合双向直流变换器效率优化策略[J].电工电能新技术,2016,35(9):48-54.
[13]MAAM Z,MAM R,AC S,et al.Development of adaptive perturb and observe-fuzzy control maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic boost DC-DC converter[J].IET renewable power generation,2014,8(2):183-194.
[14]王诚,王树博,张剑波,等.车用燃料电池耐久性研究[J].化学进展,2015,27(4):424-435.
[15]BERASATEGI A,PARAGUA C,ESTIBALS B,et al.An adaptive control developed for multi-phase converters based on look-up tables and applied to photovoltaic conversion systems[C]//IECON Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.2012:904-909.
[16]KAWAMURA H,NAKA K,YONEKUAR N,et al.Simulation of I-V characteristics of a PV module with shaded PV cells[J].Solar energy materials&solar cells,2003,75(3/4):613-621.
[17]胡鹏,刘波,石瑛,等.质子交换膜燃料电池前级直流变换器仿真研究[J].电源技术,2016,40(3):561-564.
[18]温延兵,高松.车用燃料电池堆与电压变换器的联合仿真[J].河南科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016,37(2):38-42.