近30年小兴安岭沼泽湿地动态及其驱动力研究
|
摘要
以1985、1995、2005、2015年4期Landsat TM/ETM+影像为主要数据源,在遥感和地理信息系统平台上提取了小兴安岭地区湿地信息以及各土地利用类型面积,采用动态度模型、重心迁移模型、主成分分析等方法,分析近30年小兴安岭地区沼泽湿地的面积变化及其变化速度、重心变化、土地利用转移和沼泽湿地变化驱动力。结果表明:与1985年相比,2015年研究区内沼泽湿地面积减少了12 751.62 km~2,退化的湿地主要向林地和耕地转变;湿地重心整体向北偏西70.72°方向迁移;黑河大部分地区沼泽湿地变化率小于小兴安岭全区的变化率;伊春东南部及鹤岗全区的沼泽湿地面积变化动态度较高,湿地恢复和退化两极分化明显;沼泽湿地面积动态度受气温和相对湿度等自然因素影响,生产总值、粮食产量、农作物总播种面积和人口等社会经济因素是沼泽湿地变化的主要驱动力。
The study extracted the wetland information and land use area of Xiaoxing'an Mountains from The Landsat TM/ETM+ images of 1985, 1995, 2005 and 2015 based on remote sensing and geographic information system. Changes and changing speed of wetland area, changes of wetland gravity center, land use transfers and driving force of wetland changes in the region were analyzed using methods of dynamic extent model, gravity center transfer model and principal component analysis. The results showed that the area of wetlands in the region decreased by 12751.62 km~2 from 1985 to 2015. The degraded wetland mainly changed to forestland and farmland. The gravity center of the wetlands moved to 70.72 degrees north-west. The change rate of wetlands in most areas of Heihe was less than that in Xiaoxing'an Mountains. The dynamic extent of wetland change in southeastern Yichun and Hegang was higher, so that the polarization of wetland restoration and degradation was obvious. The dynamic extent of wetland area was affected by natural factors such as temperature and relative humidity. The main driving forces of the change of swamp wetland were such socioeconomic factors as the gross product, production of grain, total area of sown crops and population size.
The study extracted the wetland information and land use area of Xiaoxing'an Mountains from The Landsat TM/ETM+ images of 1985, 1995, 2005 and 2015 based on remote sensing and geographic information system. Changes and changing speed of wetland area, changes of wetland gravity center, land use transfers and driving force of wetland changes in the region were analyzed using methods of dynamic extent model, gravity center transfer model and principal component analysis. The results showed that the area of wetlands in the region decreased by 12751.62 km~2 from 1985 to 2015. The degraded wetland mainly changed to forestland and farmland. The gravity center of the wetlands moved to 70.72 degrees north-west. The change rate of wetlands in most areas of Heihe was less than that in Xiaoxing'an Mountains. The dynamic extent of wetland change in southeastern Yichun and Hegang was higher, so that the polarization of wetland restoration and degradation was obvious. The dynamic extent of wetland area was affected by natural factors such as temperature and relative humidity. The main driving forces of the change of swamp wetland were such socioeconomic factors as the gross product, production of grain, total area of sown crops and population size.
引文
白军红,欧阳华,杨志锋,等.2005.湿地景观格局变化研究进展[J].地理科学进展(4):36-45
傅德印.2007.主成分分析中的统计检验问题[J].统计教育(9):4-7
江姗,赵光影,臧淑英,等.2016.小兴安岭不同土地利用方式下的土壤DOC化学光谱特性[J].水土保持学报,30(3):234-238
梁治平,周兴.2006.土地利用动态变化模型的研究综述[J].广西师范学院学报:自然科学版(S1):22-26
刘林馨.2012.小兴安岭森林生态系统植物多样性及生态服务功能价值研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学学位论文
马驰.2017.东北地区湿地遥感监测与景观分析[J].水生态学杂志,38(2):10-16
王宪礼.1997.我国自然湿地的基本特点[J].生态学杂志(4):65-68
徐建华.1996.现代地理学中的数学方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社
殷玉婷.2010.林海碧水引鹤来:走进黑龙江省大沾河湿地保护区[J].环境教育(3):25-28
张功宝,蔡体久,徐飞.2014.小兴安岭退化沼泽湿地植被恢复技术[J].北京林业大学学报,36(6):112-118
傅德印.2007.主成分分析中的统计检验问题[J].统计教育(9):4-7
江姗,赵光影,臧淑英,等.2016.小兴安岭不同土地利用方式下的土壤DOC化学光谱特性[J].水土保持学报,30(3):234-238
梁治平,周兴.2006.土地利用动态变化模型的研究综述[J].广西师范学院学报:自然科学版(S1):22-26
刘林馨.2012.小兴安岭森林生态系统植物多样性及生态服务功能价值研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学学位论文
马驰.2017.东北地区湿地遥感监测与景观分析[J].水生态学杂志,38(2):10-16
王宪礼.1997.我国自然湿地的基本特点[J].生态学杂志(4):65-68
徐建华.1996.现代地理学中的数学方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社
殷玉婷.2010.林海碧水引鹤来:走进黑龙江省大沾河湿地保护区[J].环境教育(3):25-28
张功宝,蔡体久,徐飞.2014.小兴安岭退化沼泽湿地植被恢复技术[J].北京林业大学学报,36(6):112-118