城市遗产旅游资源的开发潜力-鲁棒性矩阵分析——以西安市为例
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摘要
运用资源开发潜力-鲁棒性矩阵模型探讨了西安市15个遗产景点的开发和保护状态。模型从资源的开发潜力和鲁棒性两方面构建指标体系,通过实地调研、访谈和结构性问卷调查,获取数据,采用德尔菲法(Delphi)和层次分析法(AHP)赋予指标权重,最后利用模型将遗产开发与保护状态进行图示。结果显示西安市15个遗产景点的开发保护情况可分为5类:高开发潜力-高鲁棒性,高开发潜力-中等鲁棒性,中等开发潜力-高鲁棒性,中等开发潜力-中等鲁棒性,低开发潜力-低鲁棒性。研究表明,开发潜力-鲁棒性矩阵是遗产旅游资源开发与管理的有效工具,对城市遗产旅游发展具有指导意义。
The relationship of the development and protection of the heritage resources is an important content in the study of the heritage tourism.This paper analyses the development and protection condition of 15 heritage sites in Xi'an by the resource development potential-robustness matrix model.In this model,evaluation systems have been established,according to the development potential and resource robustness,the data mainly come from site inspection,interview and structure questionnaire,and the weight is obtained by the AHP and Delphi approach,finally the development and protection condition of the heritage is judged by this model matrix.The results show that the development and protection condition of 15 heritage sites in Xi'an is classified into 5 types:high development potential-high robustness,high development potential-moderate robustness,moderate development potential-high robustness,moderate development potential-moderate robustness,low development potential-low robustness.This study shows that the development potential-robustness matrix is an effective tool for the development and management of the heritage tourism resources,providing instruction significance for the development of urban heritage tourism.
The relationship of the development and protection of the heritage resources is an important content in the study of the heritage tourism.This paper analyses the development and protection condition of 15 heritage sites in Xi'an by the resource development potential-robustness matrix model.In this model,evaluation systems have been established,according to the development potential and resource robustness,the data mainly come from site inspection,interview and structure questionnaire,and the weight is obtained by the AHP and Delphi approach,finally the development and protection condition of the heritage is judged by this model matrix.The results show that the development and protection condition of 15 heritage sites in Xi'an is classified into 5 types:high development potential-high robustness,high development potential-moderate robustness,moderate development potential-high robustness,moderate development potential-moderate robustness,low development potential-low robustness.This study shows that the development potential-robustness matrix is an effective tool for the development and management of the heritage tourism resources,providing instruction significance for the development of urban heritage tourism.
引文
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[18]陈稳亮,杨新军,赵荣,等.城郊大型历史遗址区土地利用风险分析——以汉长安城为例[J].资源科学,2007,29(3):198-205.
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[2]HO P,MCKERCHER B.Managing heritage resources as tourism products[J].Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research,2005,9(3):255-266.
[3]卢松,陈思屹,潘蕙.古村落旅游可持续性评估的初步研究——以世界文化遗产地宏村为例[J].旅游学刊,2010,25(1):17-25.
[4]NURYANTI W.Heritage and Postmodern tourism[J].Annals of Tourism Research,1996,23(2):249-260.
[5]ROBINSON M.Cultural Conflicts in Tourism:Inevitability and Inequality[M].//:Robinson M,Boniface P.Tourism and Cultural Conflicts.Oxon:CABI,1999:1-32.
[6]CHHABRA D.Proposing a sustainable marketing framework for heritage tourism[J].Journal of Sustainable Tourism,2009,17(3):301-320.
[7]CHANG T,MILNE S,FALLON D,et al.Urban heritage tourism,the global local nexus[J].Annals of Tourism Research,1996,23(2):284-305.
[8]MCKERCHER B,PAMELA S Y HO,DU C.Relationship between tourism and culture heritage management:evidence from Hong Kong[J].Tourism Management,2005,26(4):539-548.
[9]吴必虎,李咪咪,黄国平.中国世界遗产地保护与旅游需求关系[J].地理研究,2002,21(5):617-624.
[10]张朝枝,保继刚,徐红罡.旅游发展与遗产管理研究:公共选择与制度分析的视角——兼遗产资源管理研究评述[J].旅游学刊,2004,19(5):35-40.
[11]夏必琴,陆林.国外近年来遗产旅游研究评述[J].安徽师范大学学报:人文社会科学,2006,34(2):224-227.
[12]邹统钎,王小芳,刘溪宁.遗产旅游研究进展[J].湖南商学院学报,2009,16(1):72-76.
[13]康俊香,杨新军.基于市场需求-承载力矩阵模型的遗产旅游潜能研究:以西安城区19个遗产景点为例[J].旅游学刊,2006,21(7):38-42.
[14]DU C H.A new model to assist in planning for sustainable cultural heritage tourism[J].Journal of Tourism Research,2001,3(4):165-170.
[15]CARLSON J M,DOYLE J.Complexity and robustness[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Science,2002.99(1):2538-2545.
[16]孙青,张捷.文化旅游资源市场潜力评价模型研究[J].特区经济,2007,23(2):191-193.
[17]王云才,陈田,石忆邵.文化遗址的景观敏感度评价及可持续利用-以新疆塔什库尔干石头城为例[J].地理研究,2006,25(5):517-525.
[18]陈稳亮,杨新军,赵荣,等.城郊大型历史遗址区土地利用风险分析——以汉长安城为例[J].资源科学,2007,29(3):198-205.
[19]吴必虎,金华,张丽.旅游解说体系的规划和管理[J].旅游学刊,1999,14(1):44-45.