海外高科技人才回流对中国区域经济发展的影响研究——基于门槛效应的实证分析
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摘要
利用中国2002—2016年省际面板数据,以国际人才迁移和中国海归回流为研究背景,以R&D投入强度作为人力资源对中国区域经济增长的门槛变量,构建门限回归模型,实证研究海外高科技人才回流对中国区域经济增长的影响。研究结果表明,R&D投入的双重门限效应显著作用于海外高科技人才对区域经济发展的贡献,随着R&D投入强度的不同,海外高科技人才回流对区域经济增长的影响存在U型关系。
Using the provincial panel data of China from 2002 to 2016, this paper, based on the background of international talent migration and returnees reflux of Chinese, taking R&D investment intensity as the threshold variable of human resources to the growth of China's regional economy, constructs the threshold regression model, and empirically studies the reflux of overseas high-tech talents to the development of China's regional economy. The research result shows that the double threshold effect of R&D investment plays a significant role in the contribution of overseas high-tech talents to regional economic development. With the different intensity of R&D investment, there is a u-shaped relationship between the positive influence of overseas high-tech talents and regional economic growth.
Using the provincial panel data of China from 2002 to 2016, this paper, based on the background of international talent migration and returnees reflux of Chinese, taking R&D investment intensity as the threshold variable of human resources to the growth of China's regional economy, constructs the threshold regression model, and empirically studies the reflux of overseas high-tech talents to the development of China's regional economy. The research result shows that the double threshold effect of R&D investment plays a significant role in the contribution of overseas high-tech talents to regional economic development. With the different intensity of R&D investment, there is a u-shaped relationship between the positive influence of overseas high-tech talents and regional economic growth.
引文
[1]陈杰,刘佐菁,陈敏,等.人才环境感知对海外高层次人才流动意愿的影响实证:以广东省为例[J].科技管理研究,2018,38(1):163-169.
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[3]杨河清,陈怡安.海归回流:知识溢出及门槛效应:基于中国的实证检验[J].人口研究,2013,37(5):91-102.
[4]牛珩,周建中.海外引进高层次人才学科领域的定量分析与国际比较 [J].科技管理研究,2017,37(6):243-249.
[5]曹薇,邱荣燕.科技型人才聚集与协同创新产出的非线性关系:基于1995—2014年高技术产业省际面板数据[J].科技管理研究,2017,37(4):140-143,148.
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[8]林琳.智力流动与经济发展研究综述[J].经济评论,2009(2):147-153,160.
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[11]FOSFURI A,MOTTA M,RONDE T.Foreign direct investments and spillovers through workers' mobility[J].Journal of International Economics,2001,53:205-222.
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[13]CHOUDHURY P.Return migration and distributed R&D in multinationals-a study using micro data[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing,2010,23(5):342-351.
[14]RAUCH J E,TRINDADE V.Ethnic Chinese networks in international trade[J].Review of Economics & Statistics,2002,84(1):116-130.
[15]KAPUR D,MCHALE J.The global migration of talent:what does it mean for developing countries?[J].Center for Global Development,2005,23(6):213-224.
[16]陈怡安,杨河清.海归回流对中国技术进步的影响效应实证[J].经济管理,2013,35(4):82-93.
[17]周小虎,毕轲.创业生态系统对海归创业人才效能的影响:以江苏省为例[J].技术经济,2017,36(8):76-84.
[18]PARISI M L,SCHIANTARELLI F,SEMBENELLI A.Productivity,innovation and R&D:micro evidence for Italy[J].European Economic Review,2006,50(8):2037-2061.
[19]BRAVO-ORTEGA C,MARIN A G.R&D and Productivity:a two way avenue?[J].World Development,2011,39(7):1090-1107.
[20] 杜伟,杨志江,夏国平.人力资本推动经济增长的作用机制研究[J].中国软科学,2014(8):4-10.
[21] LJUNGWALL C,TINGVALL P G.Is China different?A meta-analysis of the growth -enhancing effect from R&D spending in China[J].China Economic Review,2015(36):272-278.
[22] 古耀杰,任艳珍.人力资本、R&D、能源消耗与经济增长关系研究:中国经济增长驱动因素的实证分析[J].经济问题,2015 (2):25-30.
[23] GONZALEZ X,JAUMANDREU J.Threshold effects in product R&D decisions:theoretical framework and empirical analysis[R].Madrid,Spain:FEDEA,1998:4-10.
[24] KANCS A,SILIVERSTOVS B.R&D and non-linear productivity growth [J].Research Policy,2016,45(3):634-646.
[25]HANSEN B E.Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels:estimation,testing,and inference [J].Journal of Econometrics,1999,93:345-368.
[2]吕文晶,哈梦颖,陈劲.“一带一路”归国学术人才学科分布分析[J].技术经济,2017,36(11):55-61.
[3]杨河清,陈怡安.海归回流:知识溢出及门槛效应:基于中国的实证检验[J].人口研究,2013,37(5):91-102.
[4]牛珩,周建中.海外引进高层次人才学科领域的定量分析与国际比较 [J].科技管理研究,2017,37(6):243-249.
[5]曹薇,邱荣燕.科技型人才聚集与协同创新产出的非线性关系:基于1995—2014年高技术产业省际面板数据[J].科技管理研究,2017,37(4):140-143,148.
[6]甄伟丽,朱欣民.中国家电行业中的引进—吸收—再创新路径研究[J].科技管理研究,2009,29(9):255-257.
[7]彭中文.西方关于人力资本流动与技术溢出研究综述[J].经济纵横,2006(4):77-79.
[8]林琳.智力流动与经济发展研究综述[J].经济评论,2009(2):147-153,160.
[9]COMMANDER S,KANGASNIEMI M,WINTERS L A.The brain drain:a review of theory and facts[J].Brussels Economic Review,2012,47(1):29-44.
[10]SAXENIN A L.The new Argonauts:regional advantage in a global economy[J].Economic Geography,2010,84(1):105-108.
[11]FOSFURI A,MOTTA M,RONDE T.Foreign direct investments and spillovers through workers' mobility[J].Journal of International Economics,2001,53:205-222.
[12]LE T.Brain drain or brain circulation:evidence from OECD’s international migration and R&D spillovers[J].Scottish Journal of Political Economy,2008,55(5):618-636.
[13]CHOUDHURY P.Return migration and distributed R&D in multinationals-a study using micro data[J].Social Science Electronic Publishing,2010,23(5):342-351.
[14]RAUCH J E,TRINDADE V.Ethnic Chinese networks in international trade[J].Review of Economics & Statistics,2002,84(1):116-130.
[15]KAPUR D,MCHALE J.The global migration of talent:what does it mean for developing countries?[J].Center for Global Development,2005,23(6):213-224.
[16]陈怡安,杨河清.海归回流对中国技术进步的影响效应实证[J].经济管理,2013,35(4):82-93.
[17]周小虎,毕轲.创业生态系统对海归创业人才效能的影响:以江苏省为例[J].技术经济,2017,36(8):76-84.
[18]PARISI M L,SCHIANTARELLI F,SEMBENELLI A.Productivity,innovation and R&D:micro evidence for Italy[J].European Economic Review,2006,50(8):2037-2061.
[19]BRAVO-ORTEGA C,MARIN A G.R&D and Productivity:a two way avenue?[J].World Development,2011,39(7):1090-1107.
[20] 杜伟,杨志江,夏国平.人力资本推动经济增长的作用机制研究[J].中国软科学,2014(8):4-10.
[21] LJUNGWALL C,TINGVALL P G.Is China different?A meta-analysis of the growth -enhancing effect from R&D spending in China[J].China Economic Review,2015(36):272-278.
[22] 古耀杰,任艳珍.人力资本、R&D、能源消耗与经济增长关系研究:中国经济增长驱动因素的实证分析[J].经济问题,2015 (2):25-30.
[23] GONZALEZ X,JAUMANDREU J.Threshold effects in product R&D decisions:theoretical framework and empirical analysis[R].Madrid,Spain:FEDEA,1998:4-10.
[24] KANCS A,SILIVERSTOVS B.R&D and non-linear productivity growth [J].Research Policy,2016,45(3):634-646.
[25]HANSEN B E.Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels:estimation,testing,and inference [J].Journal of Econometrics,1999,93:345-368.