辩证法认识论意义及其在马克思主义哲学教学中被忽视的后果
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摘要
列宁在《哲学笔记》中明确提出"辩证法也就是认识论"这一对辩证法的发展具有重要意义的观点,表达了辩证法的认识论意义。这一观点主要有两层含义:一是要从辩证法去理解认识论的内容;二是要从认识论去理解辩证法的性质。但是在一些马克思主义哲学教材和一些教师的教学中,存在着对辩证法认识论意义的忽视,所导致的后果:一是把辩证法排除在哲学基本问题之外,认为辩证法是与哲学基本问题无关的另一类问题;二是在经验层面或从直观意义上去理解辩证法与形而上学;三是马克思主义哲学世界观、认识论、方法论有机统一的缺失。
In Philosophical Notes,Lenin clearly put forward the view that "dialectics is also epistemology",which is of great significance to the development of dialectics and expresses the epistemological significance of dialectics.The view mainly includes two aspects: understanding the content of epistemology from the perspective of dialectics and understanding the nature of dialectics from the perspective of epistemology. However,the significance of dialectic epistemology is neglected in some textbooks of marxist philosopy and some teachers' teaching,which leads to the following consequences: first,it excludes dialectics from the basic problems of philosophy,and considers that dialectics is another kind of problem that has nothing to do with the basic problems of philosophy; second,it understands dialectics and metaphysics at the level of experience or intuitively; third,it lacks the organic unification of the world outlook of marxist philosophy,the epistemology and the methodology.
In Philosophical Notes,Lenin clearly put forward the view that "dialectics is also epistemology",which is of great significance to the development of dialectics and expresses the epistemological significance of dialectics.The view mainly includes two aspects: understanding the content of epistemology from the perspective of dialectics and understanding the nature of dialectics from the perspective of epistemology. However,the significance of dialectic epistemology is neglected in some textbooks of marxist philosopy and some teachers' teaching,which leads to the following consequences: first,it excludes dialectics from the basic problems of philosophy,and considers that dialectics is another kind of problem that has nothing to do with the basic problems of philosophy; second,it understands dialectics and metaphysics at the level of experience or intuitively; third,it lacks the organic unification of the world outlook of marxist philosophy,the epistemology and the methodology.
引文
[1] 恩格斯.反杜林论[M]//马克思恩格斯选集:第3卷.北京:人民出版社,2012.
[2] 列宁.黑格尔《哲学史讲演录》一书摘要[M]//列宁全集:第55卷.北京:人民出版社,1990.
[3] 列宁.谈谈辩证法问题[M]//列宁全集:第55卷.北京:人民出版社,1990.
[4] 孙正聿.马克思辩证法理论的当代反思[M].北京:人民出版社,2002.
[2] 列宁.黑格尔《哲学史讲演录》一书摘要[M]//列宁全集:第55卷.北京:人民出版社,1990.
[3] 列宁.谈谈辩证法问题[M]//列宁全集:第55卷.北京:人民出版社,1990.
[4] 孙正聿.马克思辩证法理论的当代反思[M].北京:人民出版社,2002.