林业剩余物的定义和分类述评
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摘要
为准确评估林业剩余物资源量及其分布提供理论依据,通过对前人研究结果的系统述评,首先分析关于林业生产、加工和利用产生的潜在剩余物的各种术语,确立林业剩余物术语体系,进一步完善林业剩余物的定义和分类,提出将其分为木材剩余物、竹材剩余物和草本果树剩余物作为第一级分类。在此基础上,根据各不同林种的剩余物产出环节进行第二级分类,即木材剩余物分为林木苗圃剩余物、林木修枝剩余物、木材采伐剩余物、薪材、木材造材剩余物、木材加工剩余物和废旧木材共7类,竹材剩余物分为竹材加工剩余物和废旧竹材共2类,草本果树剩余物包括香蕉和菠萝残体共1类。然后,梳理和讨论前人在林业剩余物的定义和分类中出现的各种问题,对第二级分类进行定义,明确各类剩余物包含的内容物。最后结合产业实际提出今后深入研究林业剩余物的建议。
In this study,definition and classification of forestry residue were discussed and improved according to previous studies.Different terminologies of the total potential residue produced from forest production,process,and utilization were reviewed,the terminology of forestry residue was thereafter recommended to be used for consistently and uniformly understanding in future.Forestry residue was divided into the first categories of wood residue,bamboo residue,and herbaceous fruit tree residue.The three categories were thereafter classified and defined according to the potential residue components,respectively.Wood residue was classified into forest woody nursery residue,forest woody pruning residue,wood logging residue,firewood,wood bucking residue,wood handling residue,and waste wood.Bamboo residue was classified into bamboo processing residue and waste bamboo.Herbaceous fruit tree residue consists of banana and pineapple tree residue.Some possibly mistakes in definition and classification in previous reports were analyzed and revised.The results of this study would be helpful to evaluate the distribution and quantity of potential forestry residue.
In this study,definition and classification of forestry residue were discussed and improved according to previous studies.Different terminologies of the total potential residue produced from forest production,process,and utilization were reviewed,the terminology of forestry residue was thereafter recommended to be used for consistently and uniformly understanding in future.Forestry residue was divided into the first categories of wood residue,bamboo residue,and herbaceous fruit tree residue.The three categories were thereafter classified and defined according to the potential residue components,respectively.Wood residue was classified into forest woody nursery residue,forest woody pruning residue,wood logging residue,firewood,wood bucking residue,wood handling residue,and waste wood.Bamboo residue was classified into bamboo processing residue and waste bamboo.Herbaceous fruit tree residue consists of banana and pineapple tree residue.Some possibly mistakes in definition and classification in previous reports were analyzed and revised.The results of this study would be helpful to evaluate the distribution and quantity of potential forestry residue.
引文
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[10]刘曼红.林业“三剩物”的开发利用现状和前景概述[J].林业调查规划,2010,35(3):62-63Liu M H.Current situation and prospect of the development and utilization of forestry residues[J].Forest Inventory and Planning,2010,35(3):62-63(in Chinese)
[11]于丹.林木生物质能源资源供给能力评价及影响因素分析[D].北京:北京林业大学,2016Yu D.Evaluation of forest biomass energy resources supply capacity and analysis of influence factors[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2016(in Chinese)
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[13]NB/T 34029—2015.非粮生物质原料名词术语[S].北京:国家能源局,2015NB/T 34029—2015.Terminology of non-food biomass feedstock[S].Beijing:National Energy Administration,2015(in Chinese)
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[15]LY/T 1646—2005.森林采伐作业规程[S].北京:国家林业局,2005LY/T 1646—2005.Code of forest harvesting[S].Beijing:State Forestry Administration,2005(in Chinese)
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[18]Yuan Z H,Wu C Z,Huang H,Lin G F.Research and development on biomass energy in China[J].International Journal of Energy Technology&Policy,2002,1(1):108-144
[19]潘小苏.林木生物质能源资源潜力评估研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2014Pan X S.Potential evaluation of woody biomass energy[D].Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2014(in Chinese)
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[25]GB/T 143—2006.锯切用原木[S].北京:国家林业局,2006GB/T 143—2006.Ripping logs[S].Beijing:State Forestry Administration,2006(in Chinese)
[26]GB/T 15787—2006.原木检验术语[S].北京:国家林业局,2006GB/T 15787—2006.Terms in log inspection[S].Beijing:State Forestry Administration,2006(in Chinese)
[27]GB/T 144—2003.原木检验[S].北京:国家林业局,2003GB/T 144—2003.Log inspection[S].Beijing:State Forestry Administration,2003(in Chinese)
[28]江慕煖.林木出材率和伐区剩余物的调查研究[J].湖南林业科技,1992,19(3):31-33Jiang M N.A study on the timber yield and the residue of log[J].Hunan Forestry Science&Technology,1992,19(3):31-33(in Chinese)
[29]国家林业局.中国林业统计指标解释[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2000:61-62,115-124State Forestry Administration.The definition of China Forestry Statistic Indicators[M].Beijing:China Forestry Press,2000:61-62,115-124(in Chinese)
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