摘要
大型无人直升机载荷能力强、续航时间长,可满足长距离输电线路巡检需求,是无人机电力巡检重要研究和应用方向,但目前通信问题制约着无人机的巡检应用。在国内首次采用卫星中继通信技术解决大型无人直升机电力巡检通信问题,分析了无人机卫星通信若干关键技术需求,基于Z5型国产大型无人机平台完成宽带卫星通信系统研制,采用机载调制解调器突发通信模式防止无人机旋翼遮挡天线信号;同时介绍了系统调试中发现的问题和解决方法,经过设计、生产、试验和试飞等阶段,验证了系统的功能和性能。研制的机载卫通系统质量小于16 kg,机载天线直径0.3 m,开展了20余回110~500kV带电线路巡检试验和应用,无人机单架次最大巡检线路长度超过30 km,卫通系统达到了设计目标,无人机超低空、超视距巡检作业不受复杂地域条件限制。
Large unmanned helicopters which have better load capacity and flight duration can meet the demands of inspection of long distance transmission line, which is an important research and application direction. However, the communication problems have restricted the application of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) inspection. Consequently, we adopted satellite relay communication technology to solve communication problems of large unmanned helicopter in China for the first time, analyzed some key technologies of UAV satellite communication demand, and developed a broadband satellite communication system based on domestic large unmanned helicopter platform of Z5 type, in which the modem burst communication mode is applied to effectively prevent UAV rotor to shield antenna signal. The problems and solutions in the system debugging were introduced, the system functions and performances were fully verified through the design, production, test and flight test stages, and the application of power line inspection was practically carried out. The airborne SATCOM system weighs less than 16 kg, and the diameter of airborne antenna is 0.3 m. Moreover, patrol tests and application of more than 20 electrified lines with voltage class 110~500kV were carried out. The results show that the maximum inspection length of single sortie flight exceeds 30 km, satellite communication system achieves the design goal, and UAV inspection at low altitude and over the horizon is not limited by complicated geographical conditions.
引文
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