工艺路径规划算法对FDM打印质量与效率的影响
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摘要
为了研究熔融沉积成型(FDM) 3D打印技术的工艺路径规划(挤出路径、打印速度及挤出量等)对打印质量和打印效率的影响,提高FDM的打印效果,使用三款不同的工艺软件(QidiPrint,FlashPrint及Simplify3D)对工艺路径进行规划。通过分析三款不同的工艺软件的工艺路径规划算法和打印实体模型,发现三者的挤出方式虽然不同,但均采用复合挤出的方式,将偏置挤出和往复直线挤出的优点最大化,且由外向内的挤出方式打印模型表面质量更优;层间连贯轨迹的设计能增加打印的连贯性,可使产品具有更好的整体性;通过合理地安排挤出路径,有助于提高产品的表面工艺质量,减少打印过程中的走空路径,降低"台阶效应"和拉丝现象,节省打印时间和耗材用量。
In order to study the influences of process path planning (extrusion path,printing speed and extrusion amount,etc.)of fused deposition moldeling (FDM) 3D printing technology on printing quality and printing efficiency,and improve the printing effect of FDM,three different process software (QidiPrint,FlashPrint and Simplify 3D) were used to plan the process path. By analyzing the processes of three different process software path planning algorithm and print the entity model, it is found that although three extrusion ways are different,but they all adopt the way of compound extrusion,it will maximize the advantages of offset extrusion and reciprocating linear extrusion,and the outside-in extrusion mode'surface quality is better. The design of interlayer coherent trajectory can increase the consistency of printing and make the product more holistic. By reasonably arranging path can improve the quality of the mode's surface,reduce the empty path in the process of printing,reduce the "step effect"and the phenomenon of drawing,save printing time and dosage of consumables.
In order to study the influences of process path planning (extrusion path,printing speed and extrusion amount,etc.)of fused deposition moldeling (FDM) 3D printing technology on printing quality and printing efficiency,and improve the printing effect of FDM,three different process software (QidiPrint,FlashPrint and Simplify 3D) were used to plan the process path. By analyzing the processes of three different process software path planning algorithm and print the entity model, it is found that although three extrusion ways are different,but they all adopt the way of compound extrusion,it will maximize the advantages of offset extrusion and reciprocating linear extrusion,and the outside-in extrusion mode'surface quality is better. The design of interlayer coherent trajectory can increase the consistency of printing and make the product more holistic. By reasonably arranging path can improve the quality of the mode's surface,reduce the empty path in the process of printing,reduce the "step effect"and the phenomenon of drawing,save printing time and dosage of consumables.
引文
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[2]周胜.3D打印工艺的优化设计[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2015.Zhou Sheng.Optimizing design of the process in the 3D printing[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2015.
[3]马昊鹏,迟百宏,焦志伟,等.FDM工艺制品精度分析及优化方法[J].塑料,2017,46(3):92-95,102.Ma Haopeng,Chi Baihong,Jiao Zhiwei,et al.The accuracy analysis of FDM technology product and the optimization methods[J].Plastics,2017,46(3):92-95,102.
[4]晁艳艳.基于FDM技术的3D打印路径规划技术研究[D].长春:长春工业大学,2016.Chao Yanyan.Research on 3D printing path planning technology based on FDM technology[D].Changchun:Changchun University of Technology,2016.
[5]迟百宏.聚合物熔体微分3D打印成形机理与实验研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2016.Chi Baihong.Forming mechnism and experimental study of polymer melt differential 3D printing[D].Beijing:Beijing University of Chemical Technology,2016.
[6]侯章浩.熔融沉积成型的路径规划研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2015.Hou Zhanghao.Research on the path planning of fused deposition modeling[D].Urumchi:Xinjiang University,2015.
[7]郭宇鹏.FDM桌面型3D打印机的整体设计及成型工艺研究[D].太原:中北大学,2017.Guo Yupeng.Study on the overall design and forming technology of FDM desktop 3D printer[D].Taiyuan:North University of China,2017.
[8]于彦东,孟陈力.基于PLA丝材的FDM试件综合性能的研究[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2018(3):60-65.Yu Yandong,Meng Chenli.How the filling patterns influence the comprehensive performance on FDM specimens based of PLAfilament[J].Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology,2018(3):60-65.
[9]张洋.基于FDM技术的3D打印机机械结构设计及控制系统研究[D].长春:长春工业大学,2017.Zhang Yang.Research on mechanical structure design and control system for the 3D printer based on FDM technology[D].Changchun:Changchun University of Technology,2017.
[10]沈冰夏,管宇鹏.FDM型混色3D打印机的设计[J].北京信息科技大学学报:自然科学版,2016,31(5):60-63.Shen Bingxia,Guan Yupeng.A design of color mixing fused deposition modeling 3D printer[J].Journal of Beijing Information Science&Technology University:Natural Science Edition,2016,31(5):60-63.
[11]郭翠平.基于STL模型的冰模快速成型切片算法研究[D].淄博:山东理工大学,2017.Guo Cuiping.Research on slicing algorithm of ice mold rapid prototyping based on STL model[D].Zibo:Shandong University of Technology,2017.
[12]田明海.3D打印机等层厚切片算法研究及软件实现[D].沈阳:沈阳工业大学,2016.Tian Minghai.Research of equal thickness slicing algorithm and realization for 3D printer software[D].Shenyang:Shenyang University of Technology,2016.
[13]陈鹏,刘焱,梅永亮.FDM桌面3D打印机的创新设计[J].机械设计,2017,34(2):126-128.Chen Peng,Liu Yan,Mei Yongliang.Innovative design of FDMdesktop 3D printing machine[J].Journal of Machine Design,2017,34(2):126-128.
[14]王占礼,晁艳艳,胡艳娟,等.改进的Hilbert曲线在FDM路径规划中的应用[J].机械设计与制造,2016(3):186-188,192.Wang Zhanli,Chao Yanyan,Hu Yanjuan,et al.Application of improved hilbert curve in the path planning of FDM[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2016(3):186-188,192.
[15]韩江,王益康,田晓青,等.熔融沉积(FDM)3D打印工艺参数优化设计研究[J].制造技术与机床,2016(6):139-142,146.Han Jiang,Wang Yikang,Tian Xiaoqing,et al.Design and study of fused deposition modeling(FDM)3D printing process parameters optimization[J].Manufacturing Technology&Machine Tool,2016(6):139-142,146.
[16]王建,张弓,王卫军,等.FDM成型技术中的扫描路径生成方法研究[J].制造技术与机床,2018(1):107-110.Wang Jian,Zhang Gong,Wang Weijun,et al.Research on scanning path generation approach in FDM molding technology[J].Manufacturing Technology&Machine Tool,2018(1):107-110.
[17]曹师增,刘元义,宋发成,等.基于矩阵分析法的FDM样件翘曲变形参数优化研究[J].山东理工大学学报:自然科学版,2018,32(4):61-64.Cao Shizeng,Liu Yuanyi,Song Facheng,et al.Parameters optimization study in warp deformation of FDM parts based on matrix analysis method[J].Shandong University of Technology:Natural Science Edition,2018,32(4):61-64.