新型N~*3相永磁同步电机的特性分析及其预测控制
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摘要
永磁电机已成为现代传动中机电能量转换的核心部件,其性能是决定传动系统品质的关键。为了提高永磁电机容错性与可靠度及实现永磁电机模块化组装,该文设计一种新型N~*3相永磁同步电机。建立新型N~*3相永磁同步电机的有限元仿真模型,并通过有限元计算得到了N~*3相永磁同步电机的输出特性;针对新型N~*3相永磁同步电机特殊的绕组结构及特性,提出一种基于负载转矩观测与Smith预测相结合的预测控制算法。所提算法消除了数字控制系统中不可逆的一拍延时影响及抑制了高带宽的预测速度控制带来的振荡问题,同时满足了N~*3相永磁同步电机的高性能调速要求。最后,通过仿真与半实物实验验证新型N~*3相永磁同步电机的有效性和所提算法的可行性。
Permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)has become the core component of electromechanical energy conversion in modern transmission, and its performance is the key to determine the quality of transmission system. In order to improve the fault tolerance and reliability of PMSM and realize modular assembly of PMSM, a novel N~*3 phase PMSM was designed in this paper. First, the finite element simulation model of the new N~*3 phase PMSM was established, and the output characteristics of the N~*3 phase PMSM ware obtained through finite element calculation. In view of the special structure and characteristics of the new N~*3 phase PMSM, a predictive control algorithm based on load torque observation and Smith prediction was then proposed. The proposed predictive control algorithm eliminates the irreversible impact of one beat delay in the digital control system and inhibits the oscillation caused by the high bandwidth predictive speed control, and meets the high performance speed requirements of the N~*3 phase PMSM. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed N~*3 phase PMSM and the feasibility of the proposed predictive control algorithm were verified by simulation and semi physical experiments
Permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)has become the core component of electromechanical energy conversion in modern transmission, and its performance is the key to determine the quality of transmission system. In order to improve the fault tolerance and reliability of PMSM and realize modular assembly of PMSM, a novel N~*3 phase PMSM was designed in this paper. First, the finite element simulation model of the new N~*3 phase PMSM was established, and the output characteristics of the N~*3 phase PMSM ware obtained through finite element calculation. In view of the special structure and characteristics of the new N~*3 phase PMSM, a predictive control algorithm based on load torque observation and Smith prediction was then proposed. The proposed predictive control algorithm eliminates the irreversible impact of one beat delay in the digital control system and inhibits the oscillation caused by the high bandwidth predictive speed control, and meets the high performance speed requirements of the N~*3 phase PMSM. Finally, the effectiveness of the designed N~*3 phase PMSM and the feasibility of the proposed predictive control algorithm were verified by simulation and semi physical experiments
引文
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[13]李炳楠,黄进,康敏,等.2-4型和4-2型多相永磁无轴承电机电感与悬浮力的对比分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(33):106-114.Li Bingnan,Huang Jin,Kang Min,et al.Analysis and comparison of inductance and suspension force for 2-4type and 4-2 type multiphase permanent magnet bearingless motors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(33):106-114(in Chinese).
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[15]Luise F,Pieri S,Mezzarobba M,et al.Regenerative testing of a concentrated-winding permanent-magnet synchronous machine for offshore wind generation-Part II:test implementation and results[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2012,48(6):1791-1796.
[16]Onsal M,Demir Y,Aydin M.A New Nine-Phase permanent magnet synchronous motor with consequent pole rotor for high-power traction applications[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2017,53(11):8700606.
[17]Zhang Changfan,Wu Gongping,Rong Fei,et al.Robust fault-tolerant predictive current control for permanent magnet synchronous motors considering demagnetization fault[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2018,65(7):5324-5334.
[18]Zhang Xiaoguang,Hou Benshuai,Mei Yang.Deadbeat predictive current control of permanent-magnet synchronous motors with stator current and disturbance observer[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(5):3818-3834.
[19]Yang Ming,Lang Xiaoyu,Long Jiang,et al.Flux immunity robust predictive current control with incremental model and extended state observer for PMSMdrive[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(12):9267-9279.
[20]王伟华,肖曦.永磁同步电机高动态响应电流控制方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(21):117-123.Wang Weihua,Xiao Xi.A current control method for permanent magnet synchronous motors with high dynamic performance[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(21):117-123(in Chinese).
[21]张虎,张永昌,刘家利,等.基于单次电流采样的永磁同步电机无模型预测电流控制[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(2):180-187.Zhang Hu,Zhang Yongchang,Liu Jiali,et al.Model-Free predictive current control of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on single current sampling[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(2):180-187(in Chinese).
[22]王庚,杨明,牛里,等.永磁同步电机电流预测控制电流静差消除算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(10):2544-2551.Wang Geng,Yang Ming,Niu Li,et al.A static current error elimination algorithm for PMSM predictive current control[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(10):2544-2551(in Chinese).
[23]Garcia C,Rodriguez J,Silva C,et al.Full predictive cascaded speed and current control of an induction machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2016,31(3):1059-1067.
[2]Mohammadpour A,Parsa L.Global fault-tolerant control technique for multiphase permanent-magnet machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2015,51(1):178-186.
[3]Nguyen N K,Meinguet F,Semail E,et al.Fault-tolerant operation of an open-end winding five-phase PMSM drive with short-circuit inverter fault[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(1):595-605.
[4]薛诚,宋文胜,武雪松,等.无差拍优化五相永磁同步电机有限集模型预测转矩控制算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(23):7014-7023.Xue Cheng,Song Wensheng,Wu Xuesong,et al.Finite-control-set model predictive torque control algorithm with deadbeat optimization for five-phase permanent-magnet synchronous machines drives[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(23):7014-7023(in Chinese).
[5]王东,吴新振,马伟明,等.非正弦供电十五相感应电机气隙磁势分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(15):88-94.Wang Dong,Wu Xinzhen,Ma Weiming,et al.Air-gap MMF analysis of fifteen-phase induction motor with non-sinusoidal supply[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(15):88-94(in Chinese).
[6]Fnaiech M A,Betin F,Capolino G A,et al.Fuzzy logic and sliding-mode controls applied to six-phase induction machine with open phases[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,57(1):354-364.
[7]Sun Zhigang,Wang Jiabin,Jewell G W,et al.Enhanced optimal torque control of fault-tolerant PM machine under flux-weakening operation[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2010,57(1):344-353.
[8]Li Feng,Hua Wei,Tong Minghao,et al.Nine-phase flux-switching permanent magnet brushless machine for low-speed and high-torque applications[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2015,51(3):8700504.
[9]Xue Xiaohong,Zhao Wenxiang,Zhu Jihong,et al.Design of five-phase modular flux-switching permanent-magnet machines for high reliability applications[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2013,49(7):3941-3944.
[10]Li Feng,Hua Wei,Cheng Ming,et al.Analysis of fault tolerant control for a nine-phase flux-switching permanent magnet machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2014,50(11):8206004.
[11]方程,许海平,薛劭申,等.直驱型多相永磁同步电机定子磁动势与气隙磁密特性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(24):106-113.Fang Cheng,Xu Haiping,Xue Shaoshen,et al.Analysis of stator MMF and air gap flux density characteristics of direct-drive multi-phase permanent magnet synchronous machines[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(24):106-113(in Chinese).
[12]吉敬华,潘小云,赵文祥,等.五相容错式磁通切换永磁电机的气隙磁场调制运行机理分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(21):6227-6236.Ji Jinghua,Pan Xiaoyun,Zhao Wenxiang,et al.Operation principle analysis of air-gap magnetic field modulation in five-phase fault-tolerant flux-switching permanent-magnet motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(21):6227-6236(in Chinese).
[13]李炳楠,黄进,康敏,等.2-4型和4-2型多相永磁无轴承电机电感与悬浮力的对比分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(33):106-114.Li Bingnan,Huang Jin,Kang Min,et al.Analysis and comparison of inductance and suspension force for 2-4type and 4-2 type multiphase permanent magnet bearingless motors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(33):106-114(in Chinese).
[14]Luise F,Pieri S,Mezzarobba M,et al.Regenerative testing of a concentrated-winding permanent-magnet synchronous machine for offshore wind generation-Part I:test concept and analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2012,48(6):1779-1790.
[15]Luise F,Pieri S,Mezzarobba M,et al.Regenerative testing of a concentrated-winding permanent-magnet synchronous machine for offshore wind generation-Part II:test implementation and results[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2012,48(6):1791-1796.
[16]Onsal M,Demir Y,Aydin M.A New Nine-Phase permanent magnet synchronous motor with consequent pole rotor for high-power traction applications[J].IEEETransactions on Magnetics,2017,53(11):8700606.
[17]Zhang Changfan,Wu Gongping,Rong Fei,et al.Robust fault-tolerant predictive current control for permanent magnet synchronous motors considering demagnetization fault[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2018,65(7):5324-5334.
[18]Zhang Xiaoguang,Hou Benshuai,Mei Yang.Deadbeat predictive current control of permanent-magnet synchronous motors with stator current and disturbance observer[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(5):3818-3834.
[19]Yang Ming,Lang Xiaoyu,Long Jiang,et al.Flux immunity robust predictive current control with incremental model and extended state observer for PMSMdrive[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2017,32(12):9267-9279.
[20]王伟华,肖曦.永磁同步电机高动态响应电流控制方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(21):117-123.Wang Weihua,Xiao Xi.A current control method for permanent magnet synchronous motors with high dynamic performance[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(21):117-123(in Chinese).
[21]张虎,张永昌,刘家利,等.基于单次电流采样的永磁同步电机无模型预测电流控制[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(2):180-187.Zhang Hu,Zhang Yongchang,Liu Jiali,et al.Model-Free predictive current control of permanent magnet synchronous motor based on single current sampling[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(2):180-187(in Chinese).
[22]王庚,杨明,牛里,等.永磁同步电机电流预测控制电流静差消除算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(10):2544-2551.Wang Geng,Yang Ming,Niu Li,et al.A static current error elimination algorithm for PMSM predictive current control[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(10):2544-2551(in Chinese).
[23]Garcia C,Rodriguez J,Silva C,et al.Full predictive cascaded speed and current control of an induction machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2016,31(3):1059-1067.