摘要
糯性是农作物的一项重要农艺性状。有效控制农作物糯性的高低有助于选育出糯性适当的高品质谷物。糯性主要受Waxy基因控制,主要由于Waxy的缺失而引起籽粒支链淀粉含量升高所致。Waxy基因具有较高的保守性,在主要农作物的自然选择及人工选择的过程中,Waxy表达水平不同的种质材料被固定下来,并用于农作物新品种选育。本研究基于当前关于糯质基因Waxy的研究现状,系统分析了糯质玉米、不同倍型小麦中Waxy基因的拷贝数、变异特征及系统进化关系,期望进一步获得Waxy基因在农作物遗传改良中稳定糯性的调控机制。本研究也对如何利用基因编辑技术改良农作物的糯性进行了探讨。
Waxy is an important agronomic trait of crops. Effective control of the ruggedness of the crop can help to breed high quality grain with suitable waxy. Waxy is mainly affected by Waxy gene, and the lack of Waxy causes the increase of amylopectin content in grains. Waxy gene is highly conserved. In the process of natural and artificial selection of major crops, the germplasm materials with different levels of Waxy expression were fixed and used in the breeding of new varieties of crops. Based on the current research of Waxy gene, this study systematically analyzed the copy number, variation characteristics, phylogenetic relationships of Waxy gene in waxy corn and different polyploids wheat, which was expected to obtain the control mechanism of stable waxy in genetic improvement of crops. This study also discussed how to use gene editing technology to improve the waxy quality of crops.
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