饲粮外源代谢葡萄糖水平对仔猪门静脉回流组织氨基酸利用的影响
|
摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮外源代谢葡萄糖(MG)水平对断奶仔猪门静脉回流组织(PDV)氨基酸利用量的影响。选择20头健康状况良好、体重在7.74 kg左右的25日龄杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪,分为4个处理组,每组5个重复,给每头猪的门静脉、颈动脉和肠系膜静脉安装血管插管,并安装"T"型回肠瘘管。待仔猪术后恢复正常后,4组分别饲喂MG水平为22.82%、26.59%、36.37%、42.41%的等能、等氮的玉米-豆粕型饲粮,每种饲粮添加0.1%的二氧化钛(TiO2)作外源指示剂。术后3 d,从肠系膜静脉持续灌注对氨基马尿酸(PAH),并从门静脉和颈动脉采血,并且在回肠段收集食糜。结果表明:仔猪PDV氨基酸利用量随着MG水平增加呈先上升后下降的趋势;PDV对17种氨基酸的利用量均在饲粮MG水平为26.59%时达到最大值;必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸、生糖氨基酸、支链氨基酸也在饲粮MG水平为26.59%时达到最大值(P<0.05)。可见,饲粮适宜MG水平能够显著增加小肠氨基酸消失量和门静脉氨基酸净吸收量,从而显著提高仔猪PDV对饲粮蛋白质的利用效率。
The aim of this research was to study the effects of different exogenous metabolic glucose levels to the utilization of amino acids form weaned piglet's Portal-drained viscera. 20 hybrid weaned piglets(25-day-old and average body weight of 7.74 kg) were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, with 5 replicates per treatment and 1 pig per replicate. The vascular fistulas was installed on the portal vein, carotid artery and mesenteric of each pig respectively,and the T-Cannula was implanted into the terminal ileum. After the piglets returned to normal, they were fed four diets that based on corn and soybean,with equal energy but different metabolic glucose(MG). 0.1% TiO2 was added as an external indicator to each dietary. The chyme was collected from the ileum, and PAH were continuously perfused from the mesenteric vein then blood was collected from the portal vein and carotid artery. The results showed that the amino acid utilization of piglet PDV tissue under the four dietary MG levels presented a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of MG levels. The maximum value of all 17 amino acids in PDV tissues was reached when the dietary MG level was 26.59%. Essential amino acids(EAA), non-essential amino acids(NEAA), raw sugar amino acids(GAA), and branched chain amino acids(BCAA)reached the maximum at 26.59 % in the dietary MG levels(P<0.05). The portal vein of histidine in the 4 treatment groups reached the maximum at 22.82% of the dietary MG level(P<0.05). In summary, dietary MG levels can significantly increase the disappearance amount of intestinal amino acid and the absorption amount of portal vein amino acid, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of dietary protein utilization in piglet PDV tissues.
The aim of this research was to study the effects of different exogenous metabolic glucose levels to the utilization of amino acids form weaned piglet's Portal-drained viscera. 20 hybrid weaned piglets(25-day-old and average body weight of 7.74 kg) were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, with 5 replicates per treatment and 1 pig per replicate. The vascular fistulas was installed on the portal vein, carotid artery and mesenteric of each pig respectively,and the T-Cannula was implanted into the terminal ileum. After the piglets returned to normal, they were fed four diets that based on corn and soybean,with equal energy but different metabolic glucose(MG). 0.1% TiO2 was added as an external indicator to each dietary. The chyme was collected from the ileum, and PAH were continuously perfused from the mesenteric vein then blood was collected from the portal vein and carotid artery. The results showed that the amino acid utilization of piglet PDV tissue under the four dietary MG levels presented a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of MG levels. The maximum value of all 17 amino acids in PDV tissues was reached when the dietary MG level was 26.59%. Essential amino acids(EAA), non-essential amino acids(NEAA), raw sugar amino acids(GAA), and branched chain amino acids(BCAA)reached the maximum at 26.59 % in the dietary MG levels(P<0.05). The portal vein of histidine in the 4 treatment groups reached the maximum at 22.82% of the dietary MG level(P<0.05). In summary, dietary MG levels can significantly increase the disappearance amount of intestinal amino acid and the absorption amount of portal vein amino acid, thereby significantly improving the efficiency of dietary protein utilization in piglet PDV tissues.
引文
[1]Roos S, Lagerl?f O, Wennergren M, et al. Regulation of aminoacid transporters by glucose and growth factors in culturedprimary human trophoblast cells is mediated by mTOR signaling[J]. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, 2009, 297:C723-C731.
[2]Jeyapalan A S, Orellana R A, Suryaw an A, et al. Glucosestimulates protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of neonatal pigsthrough an AMPK-and mTOR-independent process[J]. Am JPhysiol Endocrinol Metab, 2007, 293:E595-E603.
[3]Dai Z L, Li X L, Xi P B, et al. Regulatory role for l-arginine inthe utilization of amino acids by pig small-intestinal bacteria[J].Amino Acids, 2012, 43(1):233-244.
[4]Dai Z L, Li X L, Xi P B, et al. l-Glutamine regulates amino acidutilization by intestinal bacteria[J]. Amino Acids, 2013, 45(3):501-512.
[5]Dai Z L, Wu G, Zhu W Y. Amino acid metabolism in intestinalbacteria:links between gut ecology and host health[J]. FrontBiosci, 2011, 16(1):1768-1786.
[6]Chen L, Peng L, Wang J, et al. Catabolism of nutritionallyessential amino acids in developing porcine enterocytes[J].Amino Acids, 2009, 37(1):143-152.
[7]Reeds P J, Burrin D G, Jahoor F, et al. Enteral glutamate is alm-ost completely metabolized in first pass by the gastrointestinaltract of infant pigs[J]. Am J Physiol, 1996, 270(270):413-418.
[8]杨静,许庆庆,李貌,等.饲粮粗蛋白质水平对仔猪门静脉回流组织氮代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2016, 52(21):34-38.
[9]陈澄.饲粮蛋白水平对仔猪肝脏氨基酸代谢转化的影响研究[D].重庆:西南大学, 2015.
[10]李铁军,印遇龙,黄瑞林,等.用于营养物质代谢的猪动静脉插管技术的研究——Ⅱ.门静脉营养物质净流量测定方法[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2003, 39(2):28-29.
[11]邓雪娟,刘国华,蔡辉益,等.分光光度计法测定家禽饲料和食糜中二氧化钛[J].饲料工业, 2008, 29(2):57-58.
[12]中华人民共和国农业部,全国饲料工业标准化技术委员会. GB/T18246—2000饲料中氨基酸的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2000.
[13]宾石玉.饲粮淀粉来源对断奶仔猪生产性能、小肠淀粉消化和内脏组织蛋白质合成的影响[D].雅安:四川农业大学, 2005.
[14]吕松乔.断奶仔猪对不同淀粉糊化度玉米利用的研究[D].北京:中国农业大学, 2006.
[15]Hoerr R A, Matthews D E, Bier D M, et al. Effects of protein re-striction and acute refeeding on leucine and lysine kinetics inyoung men[J]. Am J Physiol, 1993, 264(4 Pt 1):E567.
[16]Biolo G, Tessari P, Inchiostro S, et al. Leucine and phenylalaninekinetics du r ing mixed meal ingestion:a multiple t racerapproach[J]. Am J Physiol, 1992, 262(1):455-463.
[17]Stoll B, Burrin D G, Henry J, et al. Substrate oxidation by thepo-rtal drained viscera of fed piglets[J]. Am J Physiol, 1999,277(1):168-175.
[18]Dudley M A, Wykes L J, Dudley A W, et al. Parental nutritionselectively decreases protein synthesis in the small intestine[J].Am J Physiol, 1998, 274(1 Pt 1):G131-G137.
[19]Hoerr R A, Matthews D E, Bier D M, et al. Effects of proteinrestriction and acute refeeding on leucine and lysine kinetics inyoung men[J]. Am J Physiol, 1993, 264(1):567-575.
[20]Biolo G, Tessari P, Inchiostro S, et al. Leucine and phenylalaninekinetics du r ing mixed meal ingestion:a multiple t racerapproach[J]. Am J Physiol, 1992, 262(4 Pt1):E455-E464.
[21]Stoll B, Burrin D G, Henry J, et al. Substrate oxidation by theportal drained viscera of fed piglets[J]. Am J Physiol, 1999,277(1):168-175.
[22]Gerrits W J J, Friiters K P C M, Linden J M, et al. Effets of synel-ronizilig dietary Protein and glucose supply on nitrogen retentionof growing pigs[J]. Anim Sci, 2001,79(Suppl.2):S3-S16.
[23]Weurding R E. Kinetics of starch digestion and performanceof broiler chickens[D]. Netherland:Wageningen AgriculturalUniversity, 2001.
[24]Everts H, Dekker R A, Smits B, et al. The digestion of maize andnative pea starch in the small intestine of pigs[J]. ProceedingsNutr Soc,1996, 55:59.
[25]戴求仲.饲粮淀粉来源对生长猪氨基酸消化率、门静脉净吸收量和组成模式的影响[D].雅安:四川农业大学, 2005.
[26]Wolfram S, Giering H, Scharrer E. Na+-Gradient dependenceof basic amino acid transport into rat intestinal brush bordermembrane vesicles[J]. Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol,1984, 78(3):475-480.
[27]Stein E D, Chang S D, Diamond J M. Comparison of differentdietary amino acids as inducers of intestinal amino acid tran-sport[J]. Am J Physiol, 1987, 252(5 Pt 1):G626.
[28]Seal C J, Parker D S. Effect of intraruminal propionic acid infu-sion on metabolism of mesenteric-and portal-drained viscera ingrowing steers fed a forage diet:I. Volatile fatty acids, glucose,and lactate[J]. J Anim Sci, 1996, 74(1):245.
[29]Seal C J, Reynolds C K. Nutritional implications of gastrointes-tinal and liver metabolism in ruminants[J]. Nutrit Res Rev, 1993,6:185-208.
[30]Piccioli Cappelli F, Seal C J, Parker D S. Glucose and[13C]leu-cine metabolism by the portal-drained viscera of sheep fed ondried grass with acute intravenous and intraduodenal infusions ofglucose[J]. Br J Nutr, 1997, 78:931-946.
[31]刘飞飞.饲粮能源结构对仔猪氮素利用的影响及机制研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学, 2015.
[32]Bergen W G, Wu G Y. Intestinal nitrogen recycling and utiliz-ation in health and disease[J]. J Nutrit, 2009, 139(5):821-825.
[33]Stoll B, Burrin D G. Measuring splanchnic amino acid metab-olism in vivo using stable isotopic tracers[J]. J Amino Sci, 2006,84:E60-E72.
[34]Seal C J, Reynolds C K. Nutritional implications of gastrointe-stinal and liver metabolism in ruminants[J]. Nutrit Res Rev,1993, 6:185-208.
[35]印遇龙.猪氨基酸营养与代谢[M].北京:科学出版社, 2008:147-149.
[36]Wu G Y. Intestinal mucosal amino acid catabolism[J]. J Nutr,1998, 128(8):1249-1252.
[2]Jeyapalan A S, Orellana R A, Suryaw an A, et al. Glucosestimulates protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of neonatal pigsthrough an AMPK-and mTOR-independent process[J]. Am JPhysiol Endocrinol Metab, 2007, 293:E595-E603.
[3]Dai Z L, Li X L, Xi P B, et al. Regulatory role for l-arginine inthe utilization of amino acids by pig small-intestinal bacteria[J].Amino Acids, 2012, 43(1):233-244.
[4]Dai Z L, Li X L, Xi P B, et al. l-Glutamine regulates amino acidutilization by intestinal bacteria[J]. Amino Acids, 2013, 45(3):501-512.
[5]Dai Z L, Wu G, Zhu W Y. Amino acid metabolism in intestinalbacteria:links between gut ecology and host health[J]. FrontBiosci, 2011, 16(1):1768-1786.
[6]Chen L, Peng L, Wang J, et al. Catabolism of nutritionallyessential amino acids in developing porcine enterocytes[J].Amino Acids, 2009, 37(1):143-152.
[7]Reeds P J, Burrin D G, Jahoor F, et al. Enteral glutamate is alm-ost completely metabolized in first pass by the gastrointestinaltract of infant pigs[J]. Am J Physiol, 1996, 270(270):413-418.
[8]杨静,许庆庆,李貌,等.饲粮粗蛋白质水平对仔猪门静脉回流组织氮代谢的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2016, 52(21):34-38.
[9]陈澄.饲粮蛋白水平对仔猪肝脏氨基酸代谢转化的影响研究[D].重庆:西南大学, 2015.
[10]李铁军,印遇龙,黄瑞林,等.用于营养物质代谢的猪动静脉插管技术的研究——Ⅱ.门静脉营养物质净流量测定方法[J].中国畜牧杂志, 2003, 39(2):28-29.
[11]邓雪娟,刘国华,蔡辉益,等.分光光度计法测定家禽饲料和食糜中二氧化钛[J].饲料工业, 2008, 29(2):57-58.
[12]中华人民共和国农业部,全国饲料工业标准化技术委员会. GB/T18246—2000饲料中氨基酸的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2000.
[13]宾石玉.饲粮淀粉来源对断奶仔猪生产性能、小肠淀粉消化和内脏组织蛋白质合成的影响[D].雅安:四川农业大学, 2005.
[14]吕松乔.断奶仔猪对不同淀粉糊化度玉米利用的研究[D].北京:中国农业大学, 2006.
[15]Hoerr R A, Matthews D E, Bier D M, et al. Effects of protein re-striction and acute refeeding on leucine and lysine kinetics inyoung men[J]. Am J Physiol, 1993, 264(4 Pt 1):E567.
[16]Biolo G, Tessari P, Inchiostro S, et al. Leucine and phenylalaninekinetics du r ing mixed meal ingestion:a multiple t racerapproach[J]. Am J Physiol, 1992, 262(1):455-463.
[17]Stoll B, Burrin D G, Henry J, et al. Substrate oxidation by thepo-rtal drained viscera of fed piglets[J]. Am J Physiol, 1999,277(1):168-175.
[18]Dudley M A, Wykes L J, Dudley A W, et al. Parental nutritionselectively decreases protein synthesis in the small intestine[J].Am J Physiol, 1998, 274(1 Pt 1):G131-G137.
[19]Hoerr R A, Matthews D E, Bier D M, et al. Effects of proteinrestriction and acute refeeding on leucine and lysine kinetics inyoung men[J]. Am J Physiol, 1993, 264(1):567-575.
[20]Biolo G, Tessari P, Inchiostro S, et al. Leucine and phenylalaninekinetics du r ing mixed meal ingestion:a multiple t racerapproach[J]. Am J Physiol, 1992, 262(4 Pt1):E455-E464.
[21]Stoll B, Burrin D G, Henry J, et al. Substrate oxidation by theportal drained viscera of fed piglets[J]. Am J Physiol, 1999,277(1):168-175.
[22]Gerrits W J J, Friiters K P C M, Linden J M, et al. Effets of synel-ronizilig dietary Protein and glucose supply on nitrogen retentionof growing pigs[J]. Anim Sci, 2001,79(Suppl.2):S3-S16.
[23]Weurding R E. Kinetics of starch digestion and performanceof broiler chickens[D]. Netherland:Wageningen AgriculturalUniversity, 2001.
[24]Everts H, Dekker R A, Smits B, et al. The digestion of maize andnative pea starch in the small intestine of pigs[J]. ProceedingsNutr Soc,1996, 55:59.
[25]戴求仲.饲粮淀粉来源对生长猪氨基酸消化率、门静脉净吸收量和组成模式的影响[D].雅安:四川农业大学, 2005.
[26]Wolfram S, Giering H, Scharrer E. Na+-Gradient dependenceof basic amino acid transport into rat intestinal brush bordermembrane vesicles[J]. Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol,1984, 78(3):475-480.
[27]Stein E D, Chang S D, Diamond J M. Comparison of differentdietary amino acids as inducers of intestinal amino acid tran-sport[J]. Am J Physiol, 1987, 252(5 Pt 1):G626.
[28]Seal C J, Parker D S. Effect of intraruminal propionic acid infu-sion on metabolism of mesenteric-and portal-drained viscera ingrowing steers fed a forage diet:I. Volatile fatty acids, glucose,and lactate[J]. J Anim Sci, 1996, 74(1):245.
[29]Seal C J, Reynolds C K. Nutritional implications of gastrointes-tinal and liver metabolism in ruminants[J]. Nutrit Res Rev, 1993,6:185-208.
[30]Piccioli Cappelli F, Seal C J, Parker D S. Glucose and[13C]leu-cine metabolism by the portal-drained viscera of sheep fed ondried grass with acute intravenous and intraduodenal infusions ofglucose[J]. Br J Nutr, 1997, 78:931-946.
[31]刘飞飞.饲粮能源结构对仔猪氮素利用的影响及机制研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学, 2015.
[32]Bergen W G, Wu G Y. Intestinal nitrogen recycling and utiliz-ation in health and disease[J]. J Nutrit, 2009, 139(5):821-825.
[33]Stoll B, Burrin D G. Measuring splanchnic amino acid metab-olism in vivo using stable isotopic tracers[J]. J Amino Sci, 2006,84:E60-E72.
[34]Seal C J, Reynolds C K. Nutritional implications of gastrointe-stinal and liver metabolism in ruminants[J]. Nutrit Res Rev,1993, 6:185-208.
[35]印遇龙.猪氨基酸营养与代谢[M].北京:科学出版社, 2008:147-149.
[36]Wu G Y. Intestinal mucosal amino acid catabolism[J]. J Nutr,1998, 128(8):1249-1252.