紫花槭秋季叶片呈色生理变化研究
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摘要
为了探寻影响紫花槭叶色变化的主要因素,从而为其园林配置提供理论依据,对紫花槭秋季叶片转色不同时期的叶色参数、色素含量、相关酶活性、碳水化合物和矿质元素含量进行了测定。结果表明:1)紫花槭叶色参数L值先上升后降低,a值呈持续上升趋势,b值呈先上升后下降再上升的趋势;2)紫花槭叶片叶绿素含量呈下降趋势,类胡萝卜素含量呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势,花色素苷含量呈上升趋势;3)苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、查尔酮异构酶(CHI)、查尔酮还原酶(CHR)活性均呈先升高后降低的趋势;4)碳水化合物中蔗糖含量呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势;5)矿质元素中氮、钾含量的变化趋势相同,均呈下降趋势,磷含量呈先上升后下降的双峰趋势,镁含量呈先上升后下降的趋势,钙含量呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势。对不同色素与其他生理指标的相关性分析结果表明:叶绿素含量与氮、钾均存在极显著的正相关关系,与钙存在显著的正相关关系;类胡萝卜素含量与其他指标的相关性均未达到显著水平;花色素苷的含量与PAL、CHI酶活性和氮、钾含量间均呈极显著负相关,与CHR酶活性及钙、镁含量间均呈显著负相关,而与淀粉、蔗糖含量间均存在正相关,但不显著;色素与磷含量无明显的相关性。
In order to research main factors affecting change of Acer pseudo-sieboldianum leaf color and to provide some theoretical bases for garden configuration, leaf color parameters, pigment content, related enzyme activity, carbohydrate content and mineral element content in A. pseudo-sieboldianum leaves were measured during leaf color changing.The results showed that, L value of leaf color parameter was firstly increased and then decreased, a value showed a continuous upward trend, and b value was firstly increased, decreased and then increased. Chlorophyll content in A.pseudo-sieboldianum leaves showed a downtrend, carotenoid content was firstly decreased, increased and then decreased,and anthocyanin content was on the rise. Activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL), chalcone isomerase(CHI),chalcone reductase(CHR) were firstly increased and then decreased. Sucrose content in carbohydrates was firstly decreased, increased and then decreased. Changes of both N and K contents in mineral elements showed the same downtrend. P content showed a bimodal trend of rising firstly and then going down. Mg content was firstly increased and then decreased. Ca content showed a trend of firstly going down, rising and then going down. The results of correlation analysis between different pigments and other physiological indexes showed that chlorophyll content had significant positive correlations with N content and K content, and a significant positive correlation with Ca content. Carotenoid content had no significant correlation with other indexes. Anthocyanin content was very significantly negatively correlated with PAL activity, CHI activity, N content and K content, and significantly negatively correlated with CHR activity, Ca content and Mg content. Anthocyanin content was positively correlated with starch content and sucrose content, but not significant. There was no obvious correlation between pigment content and P content.
In order to research main factors affecting change of Acer pseudo-sieboldianum leaf color and to provide some theoretical bases for garden configuration, leaf color parameters, pigment content, related enzyme activity, carbohydrate content and mineral element content in A. pseudo-sieboldianum leaves were measured during leaf color changing.The results showed that, L value of leaf color parameter was firstly increased and then decreased, a value showed a continuous upward trend, and b value was firstly increased, decreased and then increased. Chlorophyll content in A.pseudo-sieboldianum leaves showed a downtrend, carotenoid content was firstly decreased, increased and then decreased,and anthocyanin content was on the rise. Activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL), chalcone isomerase(CHI),chalcone reductase(CHR) were firstly increased and then decreased. Sucrose content in carbohydrates was firstly decreased, increased and then decreased. Changes of both N and K contents in mineral elements showed the same downtrend. P content showed a bimodal trend of rising firstly and then going down. Mg content was firstly increased and then decreased. Ca content showed a trend of firstly going down, rising and then going down. The results of correlation analysis between different pigments and other physiological indexes showed that chlorophyll content had significant positive correlations with N content and K content, and a significant positive correlation with Ca content. Carotenoid content had no significant correlation with other indexes. Anthocyanin content was very significantly negatively correlated with PAL activity, CHI activity, N content and K content, and significantly negatively correlated with CHR activity, Ca content and Mg content. Anthocyanin content was positively correlated with starch content and sucrose content, but not significant. There was no obvious correlation between pigment content and P content.
引文
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[10]庞秋颖,卓丽环.槭树树冠秋季变色过程中叶片生理指标的空间差异[J].东北林业大学学报,2007,35(6):16-17,20.
[11]咸洋,董昕,解孝满,等.光照和温度对红花槭限制生长保存的影响[J].植物学报,2019,54(1):64-71.
[12]曲线,孙波,杨轶华.引种紫花槭叶色表现及其应用[J].国土与自然资源研究,2012,(4):86-88.
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[16]李朝英,郑路,卢立华,等.测定植物全氮的H2SO4-H2O2消煮法改进[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(6):159-162.
[17]李家湘,徐文婷,熊高明,等.中国南方灌丛优势木本植物叶的氮、磷含量及其影响因素[J].植物生态学报,2017,41(1):31-42.
[18]黄可.鸡爪槭叶色时序性变化与园林应用研究[D].杭州:浙江农林大学,2012.
[19]闫淑芳,冯树香,李义红,等.基于北美海棠果实颜色特征的品种分类及呈色研究[J].经济林研究,2016,34(1):19-25,32.
[20]姜文龙,李千惠,周婷,等.观赏海棠不同叶位色素组分动态研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2019,39(4):99-106.
[21]周慧娟,杜纪红,苏明申,等.水蜜桃果皮中色素和芳香物质变化与其内在品质的相关性[J].经济林研究,2019,37(1):1-10.
[22]郭力宇,施曼,吴驭帆,等.遮阴对欧洲鹅耳枥变色期叶色及生理的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(8):26-34.
[23]SCHABERG P G,BERG A K V D,MURAKAMI P F,et al.Factors influencing red expression in autumn foliage of sugar maple trees[J].Tree Physiology,2003,23(5):325-333.
[24]崔晓静.红叶石楠叶色变化的生理生化研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2008.
[25]楚爱香,张要战,王萌萌.四种槭树属(Acer)植物秋色叶变化与色素含量和可溶性糖的关系[J].江西农业大学学报,2013,35(1):108-111,137.
[26]唐前瑞,陈德富,陈友云,等.红檵木叶色变化的生理生化研究[J].林业科学,2006,42(2):111-115.
[27]赵世荣,齐延巧,周伟权,等.‘冬杏’果实和叶片中可溶性总糖、淀粉含量与淀粉酶活性间的相关性研究[J].新疆农业大学学报,2016,39(5):353-359.
[28]郑恬静.2种海棠叶色表达年周期变化与内在成分相关性研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2017.
[29]冯立娟,苑兆和,尹燕雷,等.槭属2品种叶变色期花青苷含量与相关酶活性的变化[J].林业科学,2009,45(8):56-60.
[30]杨秀莲,华雅洁,卢辰艳,等.海州常山花萼转色期生理变化研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2019,47(4):1-6.
[31]李向茂.小丑火棘秋冬转色期叶色变化的生理特性[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2013,31(3):82-87.
[32]王庆菊,胡艳丽,李晓磊,等.紫叶稠李叶片不同叶序花青苷与化学成分的相关性[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2007,38(4):557-560,565.
[33]胡静静,沈向,李雪飞,等.黄连木秋季叶色变化与可溶性糖和矿质元素的关系[J].林业科学,2010,46(2):80-86.
[34]OREN-SHAMIR M,LEVI-NISSIM A.Temperature effects on the leaf pigmentation of Cotinus coggygria‘Royal Purple’[J].Journal of Pomology&Horticultural Science,1997,72(3):425-432.
[2]赵丹琳,陈慧娟.园林景观设计中彩色植物的应用技巧[J].分子植物育种,2018,16(9):3085-3090.
[3]CHALKER-SCOTTL.Environmental significance of anthocyanins in plant stress responses[J].Photochemistry and Photobiology,1999,70(1):9.
[4]刘雪梅,胡希军,罗雪梅,等.榉树秋季叶色变化类型和生长特性[J].经济林研究,2014,32(1):121-125,179.
[5]张敏,黄利斌,周鹏,等.榉树秋季转色期叶色变化的生理生化[J].林业科学,2015,51(8):44-51.
[6]郭欢欢,刘勇,姚飞,等.不同种源黄连木秋季色素含量与叶色参数的关系[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(10):2003-2009.
[7]卓启苗,丁彦芬,余慧,等.欧洲卫矛秋冬转色期叶色变化的生理机制[J].西北植物学报,2018,38(6):1072-1079.
[8]荣立苹,李倩中,李淑顺,等.鸡爪槭黄色品种叶片转色期生理变化[J].西北农业学报,2012,21(1):187-191.
[9]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志(第四十六卷)[M].北京:科学出版社,1981:121.
[10]庞秋颖,卓丽环.槭树树冠秋季变色过程中叶片生理指标的空间差异[J].东北林业大学学报,2007,35(6):16-17,20.
[11]咸洋,董昕,解孝满,等.光照和温度对红花槭限制生长保存的影响[J].植物学报,2019,54(1):64-71.
[12]曲线,孙波,杨轶华.引种紫花槭叶色表现及其应用[J].国土与自然资源研究,2012,(4):86-88.
[13]孙波,郑德承,崔惠梅.紫花槭秋季叶色的变化规律[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(2):14-15.
[14]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000:260-261.
[15]张志良,翟伟青.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1990:88-91,154-155.
[16]李朝英,郑路,卢立华,等.测定植物全氮的H2SO4-H2O2消煮法改进[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(6):159-162.
[17]李家湘,徐文婷,熊高明,等.中国南方灌丛优势木本植物叶的氮、磷含量及其影响因素[J].植物生态学报,2017,41(1):31-42.
[18]黄可.鸡爪槭叶色时序性变化与园林应用研究[D].杭州:浙江农林大学,2012.
[19]闫淑芳,冯树香,李义红,等.基于北美海棠果实颜色特征的品种分类及呈色研究[J].经济林研究,2016,34(1):19-25,32.
[20]姜文龙,李千惠,周婷,等.观赏海棠不同叶位色素组分动态研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2019,39(4):99-106.
[21]周慧娟,杜纪红,苏明申,等.水蜜桃果皮中色素和芳香物质变化与其内在品质的相关性[J].经济林研究,2019,37(1):1-10.
[22]郭力宇,施曼,吴驭帆,等.遮阴对欧洲鹅耳枥变色期叶色及生理的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(8):26-34.
[23]SCHABERG P G,BERG A K V D,MURAKAMI P F,et al.Factors influencing red expression in autumn foliage of sugar maple trees[J].Tree Physiology,2003,23(5):325-333.
[24]崔晓静.红叶石楠叶色变化的生理生化研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2008.
[25]楚爱香,张要战,王萌萌.四种槭树属(Acer)植物秋色叶变化与色素含量和可溶性糖的关系[J].江西农业大学学报,2013,35(1):108-111,137.
[26]唐前瑞,陈德富,陈友云,等.红檵木叶色变化的生理生化研究[J].林业科学,2006,42(2):111-115.
[27]赵世荣,齐延巧,周伟权,等.‘冬杏’果实和叶片中可溶性总糖、淀粉含量与淀粉酶活性间的相关性研究[J].新疆农业大学学报,2016,39(5):353-359.
[28]郑恬静.2种海棠叶色表达年周期变化与内在成分相关性研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2017.
[29]冯立娟,苑兆和,尹燕雷,等.槭属2品种叶变色期花青苷含量与相关酶活性的变化[J].林业科学,2009,45(8):56-60.
[30]杨秀莲,华雅洁,卢辰艳,等.海州常山花萼转色期生理变化研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2019,47(4):1-6.
[31]李向茂.小丑火棘秋冬转色期叶色变化的生理特性[J].上海交通大学学报(农业科学版),2013,31(3):82-87.
[32]王庆菊,胡艳丽,李晓磊,等.紫叶稠李叶片不同叶序花青苷与化学成分的相关性[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2007,38(4):557-560,565.
[33]胡静静,沈向,李雪飞,等.黄连木秋季叶色变化与可溶性糖和矿质元素的关系[J].林业科学,2010,46(2):80-86.
[34]OREN-SHAMIR M,LEVI-NISSIM A.Temperature effects on the leaf pigmentation of Cotinus coggygria‘Royal Purple’[J].Journal of Pomology&Horticultural Science,1997,72(3):425-432.