大规模风电并网无功电压协调控制策略研究
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摘要
本文开展了大容量、集团式风电场接入输电网的协调电压控制方法研究。针对双馈风电机组(DFIG)的无功电压控制方式,提出了考虑运行约束的风电机组及风电场无功调节能力计算方法,并提出了基于电压控制器和控制任务协调分配的风电场电压控制策略,使风电场相对电网整体表现为可控电压源;进一步,基于危险节点等值模型,选择控制节点和构建风电网系统协调电压控制模型,并通过在线求解简单的优化问题确定控制量;基于此提出了风电场并网的电压协调控制系统方案,使并网DFIG风电场参与电力系统电压控制。基于典型系统的仿真结果表明,该方案能充分利用系统中的电压支撑能力,提高系统的电压稳定性,能适应风电并网系统在线电压协调控制的要求。
The coordinated voltage control scheme for power system with large-scale wind farm integration is studied in this paper. Firstly, the reactive power regulation capability of wind turbine and wind farm is calculated by considering the control mode and operation limitation of the double-fed induction generator(DFIG). The voltage control strategy of wind farm based on voltage controller and control order allocation algorithm is proposed, which can present DFIG wind farm as a controllable voltage source to power network. Moreover, a coordinated voltage control model and algorithm for wind power integrated power system is presented, in which the control nodes are decided by the equivalent model of critical node, and the control inputs are obtained by solving a simple optimization problem. Based on this, the implementation of coordinated voltage control scheme for large-scale wind power grid-connected system is constructed to make full use of voltage control capability of DFIG wind farm. Simulations conducted on typical systems demonstrate that the scheme has high performance, which is adapted to on-line voltage stability control.
The coordinated voltage control scheme for power system with large-scale wind farm integration is studied in this paper. Firstly, the reactive power regulation capability of wind turbine and wind farm is calculated by considering the control mode and operation limitation of the double-fed induction generator(DFIG). The voltage control strategy of wind farm based on voltage controller and control order allocation algorithm is proposed, which can present DFIG wind farm as a controllable voltage source to power network. Moreover, a coordinated voltage control model and algorithm for wind power integrated power system is presented, in which the control nodes are decided by the equivalent model of critical node, and the control inputs are obtained by solving a simple optimization problem. Based on this, the implementation of coordinated voltage control scheme for large-scale wind power grid-connected system is constructed to make full use of voltage control capability of DFIG wind farm. Simulations conducted on typical systems demonstrate that the scheme has high performance, which is adapted to on-line voltage stability control.
引文
[1] Ullah N R, Thiringer T. Variable speed wind turbines for power system stability enhancement [J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2007, 22 (1): 52-60.
[2] Mátyás Hunyár, Károly Veszprémi. Reactive power control for wind-turbine [A]. 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition[C]. Antalya, Turkey, 2014. 348-352.
[3] Kayikci M, Milanovic J V. Reactive power control strategies for DFIG-based plants [J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2007, 22 (2): 389-396.
[4] 蔺红,王艳丽,张琪瑶(Lin Hong,Wang Yanli,Zhang Qiyao). 大规模并网风电场集群协调控制策略研究(Study on coordinating control strategy of large-scale grid connected wind farm cluster) [J]. 电测与仪表(Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation), 2015, 52(6): 66-72.
[5] 杨硕,王伟胜,刘纯,等(Yang Shuo, Wang Weisheng, Liu Chun, et al.). 双馈风电场无功电压协调控制策略(Coordinative control strategy for reactive power and voltage of wind farms with doubly-fed induction generators) [J]. 电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems), 2013, 37(12): 1-6.
[6] 赵晶晶, 胡晓光, 吕雪,等(Zhao Jingjing, Hu Xiaoguang, Lv Xue, et al.). STATCOM 的双馈电机风电场无功电压协调控制策略(Research on coordination control strategy of DFIG wind farm with Crowbar circuit) [J]. 电工电能新技术(Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy), 2016, 35(10): 17-22.
[7] 张佳琪(Zhang Jiaqi). 考虑双馈风电场无功调节能力的无功电压协调控制研究(Research of coordinated control of reactive voltage considering reactive power regulation of DFIG wind farm) [D]. 合肥:合肥工业大学(Hefei: Hefei University of Technology), 2017.
[8] 徐峰达,郭庆来,孙宏斌,等(Xu Fengda, Guo Qinglai, Sun Hongbin, et al.). 基于模型预测控制理论的风电场自动电压控制(Automatic voltage control of wind farms based on model predictive control theory) [J]. 电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2015, 39(7): 59-67.
[9] 崔杨,彭龙,仲悟之,等(Cui Yang, Peng Long, Zhong Wuzhi, et al.). 双馈型风电场群无功分层协调控制策略(Coordination strategy of reactive power control on wind farms based doubly fed induction generator) [J]. 中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE), 2015, 35(7): 4300-4307.
[10] 杨俊友,崔嘉,邢作霞,等(Yang Junyou, Cui Jia, Xing Zuoxia, et al.). 考虑风电功率预测的分散式风电场无功控制策略(Reactive power control strategy for dispersed wind farm considering wind power forecasting) [J]. 电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2015, 39(13): 8-15.
[11] Tapia G, Tapia A, Ostolaza J X. Proportional-integral regulator-based approach to wind farm reactive power management for secondary voltage control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2007, 22(2): 488-498.
[12] El Moursi M, Joos G, Abbey C. A secondary voltage control strategy for transmission level interconnection of wind generation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2008, 23 (3): 1178-1190.
[13] 王松岩, 朱凌志, 陈宁,等(Wang Songyan, Zhu Lingzhi, Chen Ning, et al.). 基于分层原则的风电场无功控制策略(A reactive power control strategy for wind farm based on hierarchical layered principle) [J]. 电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems), 2009, 33(13): 83-88.
[14] 杜剑行, 朱冬雪(Du Jianxing, Zhu Dongxue). 基于模型预测控制的风电场多层级无功电压优化(Multi-level reactive power and voltage optimization strategy of wind farm based on model predictive control) [J]. 电力科学与工程(Electric Power Science and Engineering), 2017, 33(9): 46-52.
[15] 陈惠粉, 乔颖, 鲁宗相,等(Chen Huifen, Qiao Ying, Lu Zongxiang, et al.). 风电场群的无功电压协调控制策略(Study on reactive power and voltage coordinated control strategy of wind farm group) [J]. 电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems), 2010, 34(18): 78-83.
[16] 王洪涛, 刘雪芳,贠志皓,等(Wang Hongtao, Liu Xuefang, Yun Zhihao, et al.). 含风电场群的区域电网两层多阶段电压协调控制方法(Two-tier and multi-stage voltage coordination control method for regional power grid with wind farms) [J]. 电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control), 2012, 40(22): 1-8.
[17] 王彬,郭庆来,李海峰,等(Wang Bin, Guo Qinglai, Li Haifeng, et al.). 含风电接入的省地双向互动协调无功电压控制(Reactive voltage control of bidirectional-interaction coordination between provincial and district power networks with wind power integration) [J]. 电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems), 2014, 38(24): 48-55.
[18] 李鹏, 张保会, 郝治国,等(Li Peng, Zhang Baohui, Hao Zhiguo, et al.). 基于系统等值的电压控制方法(Voltage control based on power system equivalent model) [J].电力自动化设备(Electric Power Automation Equipment), 2011, 31(3): 52-57.
[19] Karlsson D, Hill D J. Modeling and identification of nonlinear dynamic loads in power system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1994, 9(1): 157-163.
[2] Mátyás Hunyár, Károly Veszprémi. Reactive power control for wind-turbine [A]. 16th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition[C]. Antalya, Turkey, 2014. 348-352.
[3] Kayikci M, Milanovic J V. Reactive power control strategies for DFIG-based plants [J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2007, 22 (2): 389-396.
[4] 蔺红,王艳丽,张琪瑶(Lin Hong,Wang Yanli,Zhang Qiyao). 大规模并网风电场集群协调控制策略研究(Study on coordinating control strategy of large-scale grid connected wind farm cluster) [J]. 电测与仪表(Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation), 2015, 52(6): 66-72.
[5] 杨硕,王伟胜,刘纯,等(Yang Shuo, Wang Weisheng, Liu Chun, et al.). 双馈风电场无功电压协调控制策略(Coordinative control strategy for reactive power and voltage of wind farms with doubly-fed induction generators) [J]. 电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems), 2013, 37(12): 1-6.
[6] 赵晶晶, 胡晓光, 吕雪,等(Zhao Jingjing, Hu Xiaoguang, Lv Xue, et al.). STATCOM 的双馈电机风电场无功电压协调控制策略(Research on coordination control strategy of DFIG wind farm with Crowbar circuit) [J]. 电工电能新技术(Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy), 2016, 35(10): 17-22.
[7] 张佳琪(Zhang Jiaqi). 考虑双馈风电场无功调节能力的无功电压协调控制研究(Research of coordinated control of reactive voltage considering reactive power regulation of DFIG wind farm) [D]. 合肥:合肥工业大学(Hefei: Hefei University of Technology), 2017.
[8] 徐峰达,郭庆来,孙宏斌,等(Xu Fengda, Guo Qinglai, Sun Hongbin, et al.). 基于模型预测控制理论的风电场自动电压控制(Automatic voltage control of wind farms based on model predictive control theory) [J]. 电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2015, 39(7): 59-67.
[9] 崔杨,彭龙,仲悟之,等(Cui Yang, Peng Long, Zhong Wuzhi, et al.). 双馈型风电场群无功分层协调控制策略(Coordination strategy of reactive power control on wind farms based doubly fed induction generator) [J]. 中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE), 2015, 35(7): 4300-4307.
[10] 杨俊友,崔嘉,邢作霞,等(Yang Junyou, Cui Jia, Xing Zuoxia, et al.). 考虑风电功率预测的分散式风电场无功控制策略(Reactive power control strategy for dispersed wind farm considering wind power forecasting) [J]. 电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2015, 39(13): 8-15.
[11] Tapia G, Tapia A, Ostolaza J X. Proportional-integral regulator-based approach to wind farm reactive power management for secondary voltage control[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2007, 22(2): 488-498.
[12] El Moursi M, Joos G, Abbey C. A secondary voltage control strategy for transmission level interconnection of wind generation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2008, 23 (3): 1178-1190.
[13] 王松岩, 朱凌志, 陈宁,等(Wang Songyan, Zhu Lingzhi, Chen Ning, et al.). 基于分层原则的风电场无功控制策略(A reactive power control strategy for wind farm based on hierarchical layered principle) [J]. 电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems), 2009, 33(13): 83-88.
[14] 杜剑行, 朱冬雪(Du Jianxing, Zhu Dongxue). 基于模型预测控制的风电场多层级无功电压优化(Multi-level reactive power and voltage optimization strategy of wind farm based on model predictive control) [J]. 电力科学与工程(Electric Power Science and Engineering), 2017, 33(9): 46-52.
[15] 陈惠粉, 乔颖, 鲁宗相,等(Chen Huifen, Qiao Ying, Lu Zongxiang, et al.). 风电场群的无功电压协调控制策略(Study on reactive power and voltage coordinated control strategy of wind farm group) [J]. 电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems), 2010, 34(18): 78-83.
[16] 王洪涛, 刘雪芳,贠志皓,等(Wang Hongtao, Liu Xuefang, Yun Zhihao, et al.). 含风电场群的区域电网两层多阶段电压协调控制方法(Two-tier and multi-stage voltage coordination control method for regional power grid with wind farms) [J]. 电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control), 2012, 40(22): 1-8.
[17] 王彬,郭庆来,李海峰,等(Wang Bin, Guo Qinglai, Li Haifeng, et al.). 含风电接入的省地双向互动协调无功电压控制(Reactive voltage control of bidirectional-interaction coordination between provincial and district power networks with wind power integration) [J]. 电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems), 2014, 38(24): 48-55.
[18] 李鹏, 张保会, 郝治国,等(Li Peng, Zhang Baohui, Hao Zhiguo, et al.). 基于系统等值的电压控制方法(Voltage control based on power system equivalent model) [J].电力自动化设备(Electric Power Automation Equipment), 2011, 31(3): 52-57.
[19] Karlsson D, Hill D J. Modeling and identification of nonlinear dynamic loads in power system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 1994, 9(1): 157-163.