柑橘黄龙病老龄果园发病力与时序发生规律研究
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摘要
为揭示柑橘黄龙病自然感染年序病情发生规律,以提高监测预警防控水平提供科学依据,笔者于2002—2015年在天然隔离屏障良好的一个老龄果园开展柑橘黄龙病自然感染发病危害研究,在初入侵果园采取3个重复样地定点定株发病扩散危害系统调查。坚持14年试验结果表明:柑橘黄龙病自然感染发病力以自然感染发病4~5年后为最强盛,其发病力可达年新发病率10%~15%,较其初发病力增强2~3倍;其当年新发病率消长呈"M型"曲线变化规律:第1自然感染发病显症高峰一般为初次入侵后的第5年前后,峰期一般为2~3年;第2个自然感染发病显症高峰为初次入侵后的第9年前后,峰期一般为1~3年,两峰之间为高位波动变化动态。老龄果园黄龙病积年发病呈Logistic曲线上行变化轨迹,其年序数值化变化模型为Q=85.8144/(1+EXP(4.0063-0.5837N))(n=14,r=0.9941~(**)),其自然感染扩散大周期为15年(其中核心为害周期10年左右)。运用这些变化规律,对提升老龄果园黄龙病监测预警防控具有十分重要的指导意义。
To reveal natural occurrence of citrus liberobacter asiaticum and provide a scientific basis formonitoring, preventing and controlling the disease, a study was made from 2002 to 2015 on natural infectionmorbidity in a citrus orchard with good natural isolation barrier by taking three sample plots to find out theonset and diffusion of the disease. The fourteen-year study showed that citrus liberobacter asiaticum morbiditywas the most powerful four or five years after the natural infection, and reached 10% to 15% yearly, whichincreased by two to three times compared with its early incidence force. Its varying curve of occurrence actedas an"M". The first peak symptomatic appearance of natural infection was around the 5thyear after the firstincidence and the second happened 9 years later or so. Generally, the peak period lasted 1 to 3 years and thechange between the two peaks fluctuated with high volatility. The occurrence regularity of citrus liberobacterasiaticum morbidity showed an upward trajectory in Logistic curve and its chronological value change model was: Q =85.8144/(1 + EXP(4.0063-0.5837N))(n=14,r=0.9941~(**)), and its big cycle of natural infection spreading was 15 years(including core harm period of 10 years or so). This change patterns could be of guiding significance tomonitoring, preventing and controlling citrus liberobacter asiaticum in old orchards.
To reveal natural occurrence of citrus liberobacter asiaticum and provide a scientific basis formonitoring, preventing and controlling the disease, a study was made from 2002 to 2015 on natural infectionmorbidity in a citrus orchard with good natural isolation barrier by taking three sample plots to find out theonset and diffusion of the disease. The fourteen-year study showed that citrus liberobacter asiaticum morbiditywas the most powerful four or five years after the natural infection, and reached 10% to 15% yearly, whichincreased by two to three times compared with its early incidence force. Its varying curve of occurrence actedas an"M". The first peak symptomatic appearance of natural infection was around the 5thyear after the firstincidence and the second happened 9 years later or so. Generally, the peak period lasted 1 to 3 years and thechange between the two peaks fluctuated with high volatility. The occurrence regularity of citrus liberobacterasiaticum morbidity showed an upward trajectory in Logistic curve and its chronological value change model was: Q =85.8144/(1 + EXP(4.0063-0.5837N))(n=14,r=0.9941~(**)), and its big cycle of natural infection spreading was 15 years(including core harm period of 10 years or so). This change patterns could be of guiding significance tomonitoring, preventing and controlling citrus liberobacter asiaticum in old orchards.
引文
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[10]汪恩国,钟列权,明珂,等.柑橘黄龙病疫情运动规律与预警模型研究[J].浙江农业学报,2014,26(4):994-998.
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[13]余继华,卢璐,张敏荣,等.柑橘黄龙病不同管理方式疫情演变规律及防控效果研究[J].农学学报,2013,3(4):9-12.
[14]柏自琴,周常勇.柑橘黄龙病病原分化及发生规律研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(1):133-137.
[15]杨建榕,李健.台湾地区柑橘黄龙病流行病学研究进展[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2007,33(S):104-106.
[16]程保平,鹿连明,彭埃天,等.柑橘多个品种和多个部位中黄龙病菌的检测与调查[J].广东农业科学,2014(11):69-72.
[17]陈仕钦,卢小林,陈玉龙,等.柑橘黄龙病防控药剂筛选试验初报[J].植物保护,2014,40(2):166-170.
[18]林云彪,余继华,孟幼青.柑橘黄龙病及持续治理[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2012:42-51.
[19]邓明学.以控制木虱为重点的柑橘黄龙病综合防治技术研究[J].植物保护,2006,32(6):147-149.
[20]邓欣毅,雷智栋.柑橘黄龙病毁灭果园重新种植技术[J].营销界(农资与市场),2016,8:72-74.
[21]许长藩,夏雨华,柯冲.若干生态因素对柑橘木虱种群消长的影响[J].福建农科院学报,1992,7(2):60-64.
[22]余继华,顾云琴.植物疫情阻截与防控实践[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009:2-15.
[23]鹿连明,杜丹超,张利平,等.黄岩橘区柑橘木虱发生情况及其带菌率[J].浙江柑橘,2013,30(1):29-32.
[24]孟幼青,董海涛,严铁,等.浙江不同品种柑橘黄龙病发生初报[J].浙江农业科学,2006(5):568-569.
[25]陈建利,阮传清,刘波,等.柑橘木虱对柑橘不同品种的趋性[J].福建农业学报,2011,26(2):280-283.
[26]刘登全,崔朝宇,蒋军喜,等.不同柑橘品种对黄龙病的抗性鉴定[J].江西农业大学学报,2014,36(1):97-101.
[27]程春振,曾继吾,钟云,等.柑橘黄龙病研究进展[J].园艺学报,2013,40(9):1656-1668.
[28]张林锋,赵金鹏,曾鑫年.柑橘木虱种群动态与扩散的调查研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(28):290-296.
[29]白先进,邓崇岭,陆国保,等,柑桔木虱耐寒性调查研究[J].中国南方果树,2008,37(6):22-24.
[2]Grafton-Cardwell E E,Stelinski L L,Stansly P A.Biology and Management of Asian Citrus Psyllid,Vector of the Huanglongbing Pathogens[J].Annual Review of Entomology,2013,58:413-432.
[3]Gottwald T R,da Grasca J V,Bassanezi R B.Citrus Huanglongbing:The Pathogen and Its Impact[C].Plant Health Progress,Plant management Netword 2007.
[4]谢钟琛,李健,施清,等.福建省柑橘黄龙病危害及其流行规律研究[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(11):3888-3897.
[5]陈慈相,张倩,谢金招,等.赣南地区柑橘黄龙病发生规律研究[J].中国南方果树,2015,44(6):43-45.
[6]许长藩,夏雨华,李开本,等.柑橘木虱传播黄龙病的规律及病原在虫体内分布的研究[J].福建省农科院学报,1988,3(2):57-61.
[7]林雄杰,范国成,胡菡青,等.福建温州蜜柑表现典型“红鼻果”症状[J].福建果树,2012(4):26-27.
[8]唐铁京柑橘黄龙病诊断和防控策略探讨[J].中国热带农业,2013(4):40-41.
[9]汪恩国,李达林.柑橘黄龙病疫情监测与防控技术研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(4):278-282.
[10]汪恩国,钟列权,明珂,等.柑橘黄龙病疫情运动规律与预警模型研究[J].浙江农业学报,2014,26(4):994-998.
[11]余继华,汪恩国.柑橘黄龙病入侵与疫情扩散模型研究[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(8):387-391.
[12]余继华,汪恩国,张敏荣,等.早熟柑橘黄龙病流行与所致产量损失关系研究[J].植物保护,2011(4):126-129.
[13]余继华,卢璐,张敏荣,等.柑橘黄龙病不同管理方式疫情演变规律及防控效果研究[J].农学学报,2013,3(4):9-12.
[14]柏自琴,周常勇.柑橘黄龙病病原分化及发生规律研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(1):133-137.
[15]杨建榕,李健.台湾地区柑橘黄龙病流行病学研究进展[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2007,33(S):104-106.
[16]程保平,鹿连明,彭埃天,等.柑橘多个品种和多个部位中黄龙病菌的检测与调查[J].广东农业科学,2014(11):69-72.
[17]陈仕钦,卢小林,陈玉龙,等.柑橘黄龙病防控药剂筛选试验初报[J].植物保护,2014,40(2):166-170.
[18]林云彪,余继华,孟幼青.柑橘黄龙病及持续治理[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2012:42-51.
[19]邓明学.以控制木虱为重点的柑橘黄龙病综合防治技术研究[J].植物保护,2006,32(6):147-149.
[20]邓欣毅,雷智栋.柑橘黄龙病毁灭果园重新种植技术[J].营销界(农资与市场),2016,8:72-74.
[21]许长藩,夏雨华,柯冲.若干生态因素对柑橘木虱种群消长的影响[J].福建农科院学报,1992,7(2):60-64.
[22]余继华,顾云琴.植物疫情阻截与防控实践[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009:2-15.
[23]鹿连明,杜丹超,张利平,等.黄岩橘区柑橘木虱发生情况及其带菌率[J].浙江柑橘,2013,30(1):29-32.
[24]孟幼青,董海涛,严铁,等.浙江不同品种柑橘黄龙病发生初报[J].浙江农业科学,2006(5):568-569.
[25]陈建利,阮传清,刘波,等.柑橘木虱对柑橘不同品种的趋性[J].福建农业学报,2011,26(2):280-283.
[26]刘登全,崔朝宇,蒋军喜,等.不同柑橘品种对黄龙病的抗性鉴定[J].江西农业大学学报,2014,36(1):97-101.
[27]程春振,曾继吾,钟云,等.柑橘黄龙病研究进展[J].园艺学报,2013,40(9):1656-1668.
[28]张林锋,赵金鹏,曾鑫年.柑橘木虱种群动态与扩散的调查研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(28):290-296.
[29]白先进,邓崇岭,陆国保,等,柑桔木虱耐寒性调查研究[J].中国南方果树,2008,37(6):22-24.