情绪智力与中学生攻击行为的关系:道德推脱的中介作用
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摘要
采用问卷调查法对1142名中学生进行施测,探讨其攻击行为、道德推脱、情绪智力三者之间的关系。研究结果显示:(1)情绪智力与中学生攻击行为呈显著负相关,道德推脱与中学生攻击行为呈显著正相关;情绪智力与道德推脱显著负相关;(2)道德推脱在情绪智力和攻击行为之间起部分中介作用。研究结果突出了道德因素对中学生攻击行为的影响,启示教育工作者重视学生良好道德修养的培育,以促进心智健康成长。
This study, based on a questionnaire-based survey of 1142 high school students, aims to explore the relationship between their aggressive behavior, moral disengagement and emotional intelligence. The findings show the following:(1) There were significantly negative correlations between the high school students' emotional intelligence and their aggressive behavior(or moral disengagement), and significantly positive correlations between their moral disengagement and their aggressive behavior; and(2) their moral disengagement partially mediated between their emotional intelligence and aggressive behavior. These findings highlight the effect of moral factors on high school students' aggressive behavior, indicating that educators are supposed to cultivate students' morals to promote their mental and physical development.
This study, based on a questionnaire-based survey of 1142 high school students, aims to explore the relationship between their aggressive behavior, moral disengagement and emotional intelligence. The findings show the following:(1) There were significantly negative correlations between the high school students' emotional intelligence and their aggressive behavior(or moral disengagement), and significantly positive correlations between their moral disengagement and their aggressive behavior; and(2) their moral disengagement partially mediated between their emotional intelligence and aggressive behavior. These findings highlight the effect of moral factors on high school students' aggressive behavior, indicating that educators are supposed to cultivate students' morals to promote their mental and physical development.
引文
1 García-Sancho, E, Salguero J M , Fernández-Berrocal, P. Relationship between emotional intelligence and aggression: a systematic review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 2014, 19(5):584-591
2 Mayer J D , Caruso D R , Salovey P . Emotional intelligence meets traditional standards for an intelligence. Intelligence, 1999, 27(4):267-298
3 Peled M , Moretti M M . Rumination on Anger and Sadness in Adolescence: Fueling of Fury and Deepening of Despair. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 2007, 36(1):66-75
4 Barlett C P , Anderson C A . Direct and indirect relations between the Big 5 personality traits and aggressive and violent behavior. Personality & Individual Differences, 2012, 52(8):870-875
5 Davis S K, Humphrey N. The influence of emotional intelligence (EI) on coping and mental health in adolescence: divergent roles for trait and ability EI. Journal of Adolescence, 2012, 35(5):1369-1379
6 Kokkinos C M, Kipritsi E. The relationship between bullying, victimization, trait emotional intelligence, self-efficacy and empathy among preadolescents. Social Psychology of Education, 2012, 15(1):41-58
7 36 Lomas J, Stough C, Hansen K, et al. Brief report: emotional intelligence, victimisation and bullying in adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 2012, 35(1):207-211
8 Downey L A, Johnston P J, Hansen K, et al. Australian Journal of Psychology Investigating the mediating effects of emotional intelligence and coping on problem behaviours in adolescents. Australian Journal of Psychology, 2010, 62(1):20-29
9 Castillo R, Salguero, José M, Fernández-Berrocal, Pablo, et al. Effects of an emotional intelligence intervention on aggression and empathy among adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 2013, 36(5):883-892
10 杨继平, 王兴超, 高玲. 道德推脱的概念、测量及相关变量. 心理科学进展, 2010, 18(4):671-678
11 张栋玲, 王美芳. 道德脱离量表在初中生中应用的信效度分析. 中国学校卫生, 2012, 33(12):1523-1524
12 Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger. Moral Disengagement and Aggression: Comments on the Special Issue. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 2015, 61(1):192-211
13 23 Gini G, Pozzoli T, Hymel S. Moral disengagement among children and youth: a meta-analytic review of links to aggressive behavior. Aggressive Behavior, 2014, 40(1):56-68
14 Paciello M, Fida R, Tramontano C, et al. Stability and Change of Moral Disengagement and Its Impact on Aggression and Violence in Late Adolescence. Child Development, 2008, 79(5):1288-1309
15 Sticca F, Perren S. The Chicken and the Egg: Longitudinal Associations Between Moral Deficiencies and Bullying: A Parallel Process Latent Growth Model. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 2015, 61(1):85-100
16 Rubio-Garay F, Carrasco M A, Amor P J. Aggression, anger and hostility: Evaluation of moral disengagement as a mediational process. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 2016, 57(2):129-135
17 Caroli M E D, Sagone E. Mechanisms of Moral Disengagement: An Analysis from Early Adolescence to Youth. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2014, 140:312-317
18 Wang X, Lei L, Yang J, et al. Moral Disengagement as Mediator and Moderator of the Relation Between Empathy and Aggression Among Chinese Male Juvenile Delinquents. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 2016, 48(2):1-11
19 Schutte N S, Malouff J M, Hall L E, et al. Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality & Individual Differences, 1998, 25(2):167-177
20 34 王兴超, 杨继平. 中文版道德推脱问卷的信效度研究. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2010, 18(2):177-179
21 李献云, 费立鹏, 张亚利, 等. Buss和Perry攻击问卷中文版的修订和信效度. 中国神经精神疾病杂志, 2011, 37(10):607-613
22 吴明隆.结构方程模型:AMOS的操作与应用.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2010.40-46
24 Peláez-Fernández, María Angeles, Extremera N, et al. Incremental Prediction and Moderating Role of the Perceived Emotional Intelligence over Aggressive Behavior. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 2014, 17(15):1-11
25 Cabello R, Sorrel M A, Fernández-Pinto, et al. Age and Gender Differences in Ability Emotional Intelligence in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Developmental Psychology, 2016, 52(9):1486-1492
26 Megías, A, Gómez-Leal, R, Gutiérrez-Cobo, M.J, et al. The relationship between aggression and ability emotional intelligence: The role of negative affect. Psychiatry Research, 2018, 27(1):5-31
27 范春林. 攻击行为一般模式述评. 心理科学, 2005, 28(5):1182-1184
28 Swann A, Lennon A, Cleary J. Development and preliminary validation of a scale of driving moral disengagement as a tool in the exploration of driving aggression. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2017, 46:124-136
29 Kokkinos CM, Voulgaridou I, Markos A. Personality and relational aggression: moral disengagement and friendship quality as mediators. Personality and Individual Differences, 2016, 95:74-79
30 Geng Y, Xia D, Qin B. The Basic Empathy Scale: A Chinese Validation of a Measure of Empathy in Adolescents. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 2012, 43(4):499-510
31 Justice T C, Katerina G, Whitman M V, et al. A Multi-Functional View of Moral Disengagement: Exploring the Effects of Learning the Consequences. Frontiers in Psychology, 2018, 8:2286-2298
32 Gini G, Pozzoli T, Bussey K. The Role of Individual and Collective Moral Disengagement in Peer Aggression and Bystanding: A Multilevel Analysis. J Abnorm Child Psychol, 2015, 43(3):441-452
33 Reynolds S J, Dang C T, Yam K C, et al. The role of moral knowledge in everyday immorality: What does it matter if I know what is right? Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2014, 123(2):124-137
35 杨继平, 王兴超. 父母冲突与初中生攻击行为:道德推脱的中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 2011, 27(5):498-505
2 Mayer J D , Caruso D R , Salovey P . Emotional intelligence meets traditional standards for an intelligence. Intelligence, 1999, 27(4):267-298
3 Peled M , Moretti M M . Rumination on Anger and Sadness in Adolescence: Fueling of Fury and Deepening of Despair. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 2007, 36(1):66-75
4 Barlett C P , Anderson C A . Direct and indirect relations between the Big 5 personality traits and aggressive and violent behavior. Personality & Individual Differences, 2012, 52(8):870-875
5 Davis S K, Humphrey N. The influence of emotional intelligence (EI) on coping and mental health in adolescence: divergent roles for trait and ability EI. Journal of Adolescence, 2012, 35(5):1369-1379
6 Kokkinos C M, Kipritsi E. The relationship between bullying, victimization, trait emotional intelligence, self-efficacy and empathy among preadolescents. Social Psychology of Education, 2012, 15(1):41-58
7 36 Lomas J, Stough C, Hansen K, et al. Brief report: emotional intelligence, victimisation and bullying in adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 2012, 35(1):207-211
8 Downey L A, Johnston P J, Hansen K, et al. Australian Journal of Psychology Investigating the mediating effects of emotional intelligence and coping on problem behaviours in adolescents. Australian Journal of Psychology, 2010, 62(1):20-29
9 Castillo R, Salguero, José M, Fernández-Berrocal, Pablo, et al. Effects of an emotional intelligence intervention on aggression and empathy among adolescents. Journal of Adolescence, 2013, 36(5):883-892
10 杨继平, 王兴超, 高玲. 道德推脱的概念、测量及相关变量. 心理科学进展, 2010, 18(4):671-678
11 张栋玲, 王美芳. 道德脱离量表在初中生中应用的信效度分析. 中国学校卫生, 2012, 33(12):1523-1524
12 Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger. Moral Disengagement and Aggression: Comments on the Special Issue. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 2015, 61(1):192-211
13 23 Gini G, Pozzoli T, Hymel S. Moral disengagement among children and youth: a meta-analytic review of links to aggressive behavior. Aggressive Behavior, 2014, 40(1):56-68
14 Paciello M, Fida R, Tramontano C, et al. Stability and Change of Moral Disengagement and Its Impact on Aggression and Violence in Late Adolescence. Child Development, 2008, 79(5):1288-1309
15 Sticca F, Perren S. The Chicken and the Egg: Longitudinal Associations Between Moral Deficiencies and Bullying: A Parallel Process Latent Growth Model. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 2015, 61(1):85-100
16 Rubio-Garay F, Carrasco M A, Amor P J. Aggression, anger and hostility: Evaluation of moral disengagement as a mediational process. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 2016, 57(2):129-135
17 Caroli M E D, Sagone E. Mechanisms of Moral Disengagement: An Analysis from Early Adolescence to Youth. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2014, 140:312-317
18 Wang X, Lei L, Yang J, et al. Moral Disengagement as Mediator and Moderator of the Relation Between Empathy and Aggression Among Chinese Male Juvenile Delinquents. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 2016, 48(2):1-11
19 Schutte N S, Malouff J M, Hall L E, et al. Development and validation of a measure of emotional intelligence. Personality & Individual Differences, 1998, 25(2):167-177
20 34 王兴超, 杨继平. 中文版道德推脱问卷的信效度研究. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2010, 18(2):177-179
21 李献云, 费立鹏, 张亚利, 等. Buss和Perry攻击问卷中文版的修订和信效度. 中国神经精神疾病杂志, 2011, 37(10):607-613
22 吴明隆.结构方程模型:AMOS的操作与应用.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2010.40-46
24 Peláez-Fernández, María Angeles, Extremera N, et al. Incremental Prediction and Moderating Role of the Perceived Emotional Intelligence over Aggressive Behavior. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 2014, 17(15):1-11
25 Cabello R, Sorrel M A, Fernández-Pinto, et al. Age and Gender Differences in Ability Emotional Intelligence in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Developmental Psychology, 2016, 52(9):1486-1492
26 Megías, A, Gómez-Leal, R, Gutiérrez-Cobo, M.J, et al. The relationship between aggression and ability emotional intelligence: The role of negative affect. Psychiatry Research, 2018, 27(1):5-31
27 范春林. 攻击行为一般模式述评. 心理科学, 2005, 28(5):1182-1184
28 Swann A, Lennon A, Cleary J. Development and preliminary validation of a scale of driving moral disengagement as a tool in the exploration of driving aggression. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 2017, 46:124-136
29 Kokkinos CM, Voulgaridou I, Markos A. Personality and relational aggression: moral disengagement and friendship quality as mediators. Personality and Individual Differences, 2016, 95:74-79
30 Geng Y, Xia D, Qin B. The Basic Empathy Scale: A Chinese Validation of a Measure of Empathy in Adolescents. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 2012, 43(4):499-510
31 Justice T C, Katerina G, Whitman M V, et al. A Multi-Functional View of Moral Disengagement: Exploring the Effects of Learning the Consequences. Frontiers in Psychology, 2018, 8:2286-2298
32 Gini G, Pozzoli T, Bussey K. The Role of Individual and Collective Moral Disengagement in Peer Aggression and Bystanding: A Multilevel Analysis. J Abnorm Child Psychol, 2015, 43(3):441-452
33 Reynolds S J, Dang C T, Yam K C, et al. The role of moral knowledge in everyday immorality: What does it matter if I know what is right? Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 2014, 123(2):124-137
35 杨继平, 王兴超. 父母冲突与初中生攻击行为:道德推脱的中介作用. 心理发展与教育, 2011, 27(5):498-505