四川省生态系统生产总值(GEP)的调节服务价值核算
|
摘要
生态系统生产总值(GEP)核算以生态系统提供的产品和服务评估为基础,是定量评估生态保护成效的有效途径.生态系统调节服务是生态系统服务的重要组成部分,在不考虑生态系统产品供给价值和文化服务价值的情况下,在生态服务功能评价的基础上,采用机会成本法、替代市场法、价格替代法、市场替代法等生态经济学、环境经济学和资源经济学方法,通过调节服务资产核算对四川省GEP进行了估算.结果表明:四川省水源涵养功能量为1 214.92亿立方米;土壤保持价值中,减少泥沙淤积的功能量为33.4亿吨,减少面源污染的功能量为0.55亿吨;洪水调蓄价值总量为312.9亿立方米;固定二氧化碳13.98亿吨,释放氧气15.19亿吨;蒸散发量2 990.25亿立方米.四川省GEP价值为83 064.61亿元.其中水源涵养价值占12.75%,土壤保持价值占4.6%,洪水调蓄价值占1.67%,固碳释氧价值占23.75%,气候调节价值占57.23%.
Gross ecosystem product(GEP) accounting is based on the assessment of products and services provided by the ecosystem, and is an effective way to quantitatively evaluate the ecosystem protection effectiveness. Ecosystem regulation services are key components of ecosystem services. The provisioning value of ecosystem products and the value of cultural services were not considered in this paper. On the basis of ecological services evaluation,GEP in Sichuan province was estimated through regulation service assets accounting by using methods of ecological economics, environmental economics and resource economics. The results revealed that water conservation function amount was 121.492 billion m~3. Silting and non-point source pollution reduction of soil conservation value were 3.34 and 0.055 billion t, respectively. Total value of flood storage function was 31.29 billion m~3. Carbon dioxide fixation, oxygen release and evapotranspiration were 1.398 billion t, 1.519 billion t and 299.025 billion m~3, respectively. GEP in Sichuan was 8 306.461 billion, in which the value of water conservation, flood storage function, carbon dioxide fixation and oxygen release, and climate regulation separately accounted for 12.75%, 4.6%, 1.67%, 23.75%, and 57.23%.
Gross ecosystem product(GEP) accounting is based on the assessment of products and services provided by the ecosystem, and is an effective way to quantitatively evaluate the ecosystem protection effectiveness. Ecosystem regulation services are key components of ecosystem services. The provisioning value of ecosystem products and the value of cultural services were not considered in this paper. On the basis of ecological services evaluation,GEP in Sichuan province was estimated through regulation service assets accounting by using methods of ecological economics, environmental economics and resource economics. The results revealed that water conservation function amount was 121.492 billion m~3. Silting and non-point source pollution reduction of soil conservation value were 3.34 and 0.055 billion t, respectively. Total value of flood storage function was 31.29 billion m~3. Carbon dioxide fixation, oxygen release and evapotranspiration were 1.398 billion t, 1.519 billion t and 299.025 billion m~3, respectively. GEP in Sichuan was 8 306.461 billion, in which the value of water conservation, flood storage function, carbon dioxide fixation and oxygen release, and climate regulation separately accounted for 12.75%, 4.6%, 1.67%, 23.75%, and 57.23%.
引文
[1]宋昌素,肖燚,博文静.生态资产评价方法研究——以青海省为例[J].生态学报,2019,39(1):9-23.
[2]孙晓,李锋.城市生态资产评估方法与应用——以广州市增城区为例[J].生态学报,2017,37(18):6216-6228.
[3]欧阳志云,朱春全,杨广斌,等.生态系统生产总值核算:概念、核算方法与案例研究[J].生态学报,2013,33(21):6747-6761.
[4]高吉喜,范小杉.生态资产概念、特点与研究趋向[J].环境科学研究,2007(05):137-143.
[5]朱万泽,范建容,王玉宽,等.长江上游生物多样性保护重要性评价——以县域为评价单元[J].生态学报,2009,29(05):2603-2611.
[6]唐小平,贾建生,王志臣,等.全国第四次大熊猫调查方案设计及主要结果分析[J].林业资源管理,2015(01):11-16.
[7]王莉雁,肖燚,欧阳志云,等.国家级重点生态功能区县生态系统生产总值核算研究——以阿尔山市为例[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(03):146-154.
[8]马国霞,於方,王金南,等.中国2015年陆地生态系统生产总值核算研究[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(04):1474-1482.
[9]徐婷,徐跃,江波,等.贵州草海湿地生态系统服务价值评估[J].生态学报,2015,35(13):4295-4303.
[10]赖敏,吴绍洪,戴尔阜,等.三江源区生态系统服务间接使用价值评估[J].自然资源学报,2013,28(01):38-50.
[11]杨渺,谢强,谭晓蓉,等.基于GIS/RS的地震灾区流域水土保持功能恢复效应评价[J].四川环境,2013,32(01):39-45.
[12]刘乙淼,陈艳梅,胡引翠.长江流域土壤保持能力时空特征[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(06):971-977.
[13]肖强,肖洋,欧阳志云,等.重庆市森林生态系统服务功能价值评估[J].生态学报,2014,34(01):216-223.
[14]饶恩明,肖燚,欧阳志云.中国湖库洪水调蓄功能评价[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(08):1356-1365.
[15]饶恩明,肖燚,欧阳志云,等.中国湖泊水量调节能力及其动态变化[J].生态学报,2014,34(21):6225-6231.
[16]李晶,任志远.基于GIS的陕北黄土高原土地生态系统固碳释氧价值评价[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(14):2943-2950.
[17]王姝,张艳芳,位贺杰,等.生态恢复背景下陕甘宁地区NPP变化及其固碳释氧价值[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(05):1421-1428.
[18]张灏,孔东升.张掖黑河湿地国家级自然保护区气候调节功能价值评估[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(03):177-181+197.
[19]王继国.艾比湖湿地调节气候生态服务价值评价[J].湿地科学与管理,2007(02):38-41.
[20]杨渺,谢强,方自力,等.松潘县生态安全格局评价及生态保护红线区划研究[J].四川环境,2017,36(03):25-33.
[21]刘博杰,逯非,王效科,等.中国天然林资源保护工程温室气体排放及净固碳能力[J].生态学报,2016,36(14):4266-4278.
[22]许旭,郜昂,朱萍萍,等.基于多源遥感数据的生态系统服务价值评估——以河北省为例[J].国土资源遥感,2013,25(04):180-186.
[23]谢中华.MATLAB统计分析与应用:40个案例分析[M].2版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2016:319-340.
[2]孙晓,李锋.城市生态资产评估方法与应用——以广州市增城区为例[J].生态学报,2017,37(18):6216-6228.
[3]欧阳志云,朱春全,杨广斌,等.生态系统生产总值核算:概念、核算方法与案例研究[J].生态学报,2013,33(21):6747-6761.
[4]高吉喜,范小杉.生态资产概念、特点与研究趋向[J].环境科学研究,2007(05):137-143.
[5]朱万泽,范建容,王玉宽,等.长江上游生物多样性保护重要性评价——以县域为评价单元[J].生态学报,2009,29(05):2603-2611.
[6]唐小平,贾建生,王志臣,等.全国第四次大熊猫调查方案设计及主要结果分析[J].林业资源管理,2015(01):11-16.
[7]王莉雁,肖燚,欧阳志云,等.国家级重点生态功能区县生态系统生产总值核算研究——以阿尔山市为例[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(03):146-154.
[8]马国霞,於方,王金南,等.中国2015年陆地生态系统生产总值核算研究[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(04):1474-1482.
[9]徐婷,徐跃,江波,等.贵州草海湿地生态系统服务价值评估[J].生态学报,2015,35(13):4295-4303.
[10]赖敏,吴绍洪,戴尔阜,等.三江源区生态系统服务间接使用价值评估[J].自然资源学报,2013,28(01):38-50.
[11]杨渺,谢强,谭晓蓉,等.基于GIS/RS的地震灾区流域水土保持功能恢复效应评价[J].四川环境,2013,32(01):39-45.
[12]刘乙淼,陈艳梅,胡引翠.长江流域土壤保持能力时空特征[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(06):971-977.
[13]肖强,肖洋,欧阳志云,等.重庆市森林生态系统服务功能价值评估[J].生态学报,2014,34(01):216-223.
[14]饶恩明,肖燚,欧阳志云.中国湖库洪水调蓄功能评价[J].自然资源学报,2014,29(08):1356-1365.
[15]饶恩明,肖燚,欧阳志云,等.中国湖泊水量调节能力及其动态变化[J].生态学报,2014,34(21):6225-6231.
[16]李晶,任志远.基于GIS的陕北黄土高原土地生态系统固碳释氧价值评价[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(14):2943-2950.
[17]王姝,张艳芳,位贺杰,等.生态恢复背景下陕甘宁地区NPP变化及其固碳释氧价值[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(05):1421-1428.
[18]张灏,孔东升.张掖黑河湿地国家级自然保护区气候调节功能价值评估[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(03):177-181+197.
[19]王继国.艾比湖湿地调节气候生态服务价值评价[J].湿地科学与管理,2007(02):38-41.
[20]杨渺,谢强,方自力,等.松潘县生态安全格局评价及生态保护红线区划研究[J].四川环境,2017,36(03):25-33.
[21]刘博杰,逯非,王效科,等.中国天然林资源保护工程温室气体排放及净固碳能力[J].生态学报,2016,36(14):4266-4278.
[22]许旭,郜昂,朱萍萍,等.基于多源遥感数据的生态系统服务价值评估——以河北省为例[J].国土资源遥感,2013,25(04):180-186.
[23]谢中华.MATLAB统计分析与应用:40个案例分析[M].2版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2016:319-340.