区块链经济研究进展
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摘要
作为区块链技术发展在经济领域的延伸,区块链经济研究成果尚未形成一个完整、独立的理论体系,但已有越来越多的研究者在关于区块链的研究中提及并表达出对区块链的经济学阐释及对区块链经济相关问题的深刻思考。系统研究并分析这些最新成果,并从区块链及其经济学脉络入手进行梳理,引申到对区块链经济的初步界定,能够更深刻地洞察区块链的经济学理论基础以及区块链经济的基本原理和内在规律。同时,就区块链对经济社会发展的影响及其目前存在争议的客观认识,则有助于更科学、有效地将区块链应用于经济社会的发展进程中,推动社会各产业的创新变革。
Blockchain economy is an extension of the blockchain technology to economy. Studies on blockchain economy have not yet formed a complete and independent theoretical system. However, more and more researchers have referred to and expressed profound thoughts on the economic interpretation of blockchains and the related issues of blockchain economy. Systematic research on and analysis of these latest studies, starting from the concept and economic context of blockchain and then moving to the preliminary definition of the blockchain economy, can shed light on economic theory as the foundation of blockchains as well as the basic principles and internal laws of the blockchain economy. At the same time, objective examination of the impact of blockchains on economic and social development as well as current controversies on blockchains, is conducive to applying the blockchain technology to the economic and social development process more scientifically and effectively, so as to promote the innovation and transformation of various industries.
Blockchain economy is an extension of the blockchain technology to economy. Studies on blockchain economy have not yet formed a complete and independent theoretical system. However, more and more researchers have referred to and expressed profound thoughts on the economic interpretation of blockchains and the related issues of blockchain economy. Systematic research on and analysis of these latest studies, starting from the concept and economic context of blockchain and then moving to the preliminary definition of the blockchain economy, can shed light on economic theory as the foundation of blockchains as well as the basic principles and internal laws of the blockchain economy. At the same time, objective examination of the impact of blockchains on economic and social development as well as current controversies on blockchains, is conducive to applying the blockchain technology to the economic and social development process more scientifically and effectively, so as to promote the innovation and transformation of various industries.
引文
刘永新,2017:《区块链经济发展中的市场失灵和政府调节——以贵阳市区块链应用实践为例》,《上海立信会计金融学院学报》第3期。
链虎财经,2019:《达沃斯世界经济论坛大佬们怎么看区块链与加密货币?》,http://www.yidianzixun.com/article/0LCyYocI。
Acemoglu,D.(2005),“Political economy of development and underdevelopment”,http://economics.mit.edu/files/1064.
Babbitt,D.& J.Dietz(2015),“Cryptoeconomic design:A proposed agent-based modeling effort”,http://www3.nd.edu/～swarm06/SwarmFest2014/Babbitt.pdf.
Beck,R.et al(2016),“Blockchain:The gateway to trust-free cryptographic transactions”,ECIS 2016 Proceedings.
Bera,S.et al(2017),“Software-defined networking for internet of things:A survey”,IEEE Internet Things 4(6):1994-2008.
Bheemaiah,K.(2017),The Blockchain Alternative:Rethinking Macroeconomic Policy and Economic Theory,Apress.
B?hme,R.et al(2015),“Bitcoin:Economics,technology,governance”,Journal of Economic Perspectives 29(2):213-238.
Buterin,V.(2015),“Visions part I:The value of blockchain technology”,https://blog.ethereum.org/2015/04/13/visions-part-1-the-value-of-blockchain-technology.
Chan,S.et al(2017),“A statistical analysis of cryptocurrencies”,Journal of Risk and Financial Management 10(2):12-35.
Chen,Y.(2018),“Blockchain tokens and the potential democratization of entrepreneurship and innovation”,Business Horizons 61(4):567-575.
Davidson,S.et al(2016),“Economics of blockchain”,https://ssrn.com/abstract=2744751.
Dagher,G.(2018),“Ancile:Privacy-preserving framework for access control and interoperability of electronic health records using blockchain technology”,Sustainable Cities and Society 39(1):283-197.
De Filippi,P.(2017),“What blockchain means for the sharing economy”,Harvard Business Review 4(15):1-3.
Fraiberger,S.P.& A.Sundararajan(2015),“Peer-to-peer rental markets in the sharing economy”,Stern School of Business,New York University Working Paper,No.4.
Gans,G.S.(2017),“Some simple economics of the blockchain”,NBER Working Paper,No.22952.
Gazis,V.(2017),“A survey of standards for machine-to-machine and the internet of things”,IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 19(1):482-511.
Gipp,B.et al(2015),“Decentralized trusted timestamping using the crypto currency bitcoin”,https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1502/1502.04015.
Glaser,F.(2017),“Pervasive decentralisation of digital infrastructures:A framework for blockchain enabled system and use case analysis”,HICSS 2017 Proceedings.
Greiner,M.& H.Wang(2015),“Trust-free systems:A new research and design direction to handle trust issues in P2P systems:The case of bitcoin”,AMCIS 2015 Proceedings.
Hanstad,T.(2013),“The case for land reform in India”,https://www.foreignaffairs.com.
Hawlitschek,F.et al(2016),“Trust in the sharing economy”,Journal of Business Research 70(1):26-44.
Hendrickson,J.R.et al(2016),“The political economy of bitcoin”,Economic Inquiry 54(2):925-939.
Higgins,S.(2016),“How bitcoin brought electricity to a South African school”,http://www.coindesk.com.
Hine,J.F.et al(2018),“Token economies:Using basic experimental research to guide practical applications”,Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy 48(1):145-154.
Kshetri,N.(2016),“Fostering startup ecosystems in India”,Asian Research Policy 7(1):94-103.
Lipsey,R.et al(2005),Economic Transformations:General Purpose Technologies and Long Term Economic Growth,Oxford University Press.
Litos,O.S.T.& D.Zindros(2017),“Trust is risk:A decentralized financial trust platform”,in:A.Kiayias(ed),Financial Cryptography and Data Security,Springer International Publishing.
Lorenz,J.(2016),“Blockchain in insurance:Opportunity or threat?”,http://www.mckinsey.com.
Lundy,L.(2016),Blockchain and the Sharing Economy 2.0,IBM Developer Works.
Mazzella,F.et al(2016),“How digital trust powers the sharing economy:The digitization of trust”,IESE Insight 30(3):24-31.
Merry,H.(2018),“Population increase and the smart city”,https://www.ibm.com.
Mildenberger,C.D.(2015),“Virtual world order:The economics and organizations of virtual pirates”,Public Choice 164(1):401-421.
Nakamoto,S.(2008),“Bitcoin:A peer-to-peer electronic cash system”,http://satoshiinstitute.org/bitcoin.pdf.
Nash,K.S.(2016),“IBM pushes blockchain into the supply chain”,http://www.wsj.com.
Panetta,K.(2018),“Smart cities look to the future”,https://www.gartner.com.
Pazaitis,A.(2016),“Blockchain and value systems in the sharing economy:The illustrative case of backfeed”,Technological Forecasting & Social Change 125(7):105-115.
Pilkington,M.(2016),“Blockchain technology:Principles and applications”,in:F.X.Olleros & M.Zhegu(eds),Research Handbook on Digital Transformations,Edward Elgar.
Risius,M.& K.Spohrer(2017),“A blockchain research framework”,Business & Information Systems Engineering 59(6):358-409.
Savelyev,A.(2018),“Some risks of tokenization and blockchainizaition of private law”,Computer Law & Security Review 34(1):863-869.
Sharma,P.K.& J.H.Park(2018),“Blockchain based hybrid network architecture for the smart city”,Future Generation Computer Systems 5(2):1-6.
Shin,L.(2016),“Republic of Georgia to pilot land titling on blockchain with economist Hernando De Soto,BitFury”,http://www.forbes.com.
Stringham,E.(2015),Private Governance,Oxford University Press.
Swan,M.(2015),Blockchain:Blueprint for a New Economy,O'Reilly Media.
White,L.(2015),“The market for cryptocurrencies”,Cato Journal 35(2):383-402.
W?rner,D.et al(2016),“The bitcoin ecosystem:Disruption beyond financial services?”,ECIS 2016 Proceedings.
Wright,A.& P.De Filippi(2015),“Decentralized blockchain technology and the rise of Lex Cryptographia”,http://ssrn.com/abstract=2580664.
Xu,X.et al(2016),“The blockchain as a software connector”,WICSA 2016 Proceedings.
链虎财经,2019:《达沃斯世界经济论坛大佬们怎么看区块链与加密货币?》,http://www.yidianzixun.com/article/0LCyYocI。
Acemoglu,D.(2005),“Political economy of development and underdevelopment”,http://economics.mit.edu/files/1064.
Babbitt,D.& J.Dietz(2015),“Cryptoeconomic design:A proposed agent-based modeling effort”,http://www3.nd.edu/～swarm06/SwarmFest2014/Babbitt.pdf.
Beck,R.et al(2016),“Blockchain:The gateway to trust-free cryptographic transactions”,ECIS 2016 Proceedings.
Bera,S.et al(2017),“Software-defined networking for internet of things:A survey”,IEEE Internet Things 4(6):1994-2008.
Bheemaiah,K.(2017),The Blockchain Alternative:Rethinking Macroeconomic Policy and Economic Theory,Apress.
B?hme,R.et al(2015),“Bitcoin:Economics,technology,governance”,Journal of Economic Perspectives 29(2):213-238.
Buterin,V.(2015),“Visions part I:The value of blockchain technology”,https://blog.ethereum.org/2015/04/13/visions-part-1-the-value-of-blockchain-technology.
Chan,S.et al(2017),“A statistical analysis of cryptocurrencies”,Journal of Risk and Financial Management 10(2):12-35.
Chen,Y.(2018),“Blockchain tokens and the potential democratization of entrepreneurship and innovation”,Business Horizons 61(4):567-575.
Davidson,S.et al(2016),“Economics of blockchain”,https://ssrn.com/abstract=2744751.
Dagher,G.(2018),“Ancile:Privacy-preserving framework for access control and interoperability of electronic health records using blockchain technology”,Sustainable Cities and Society 39(1):283-197.
De Filippi,P.(2017),“What blockchain means for the sharing economy”,Harvard Business Review 4(15):1-3.
Fraiberger,S.P.& A.Sundararajan(2015),“Peer-to-peer rental markets in the sharing economy”,Stern School of Business,New York University Working Paper,No.4.
Gans,G.S.(2017),“Some simple economics of the blockchain”,NBER Working Paper,No.22952.
Gazis,V.(2017),“A survey of standards for machine-to-machine and the internet of things”,IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 19(1):482-511.
Gipp,B.et al(2015),“Decentralized trusted timestamping using the crypto currency bitcoin”,https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1502/1502.04015.
Glaser,F.(2017),“Pervasive decentralisation of digital infrastructures:A framework for blockchain enabled system and use case analysis”,HICSS 2017 Proceedings.
Greiner,M.& H.Wang(2015),“Trust-free systems:A new research and design direction to handle trust issues in P2P systems:The case of bitcoin”,AMCIS 2015 Proceedings.
Hanstad,T.(2013),“The case for land reform in India”,https://www.foreignaffairs.com.
Hawlitschek,F.et al(2016),“Trust in the sharing economy”,Journal of Business Research 70(1):26-44.
Hendrickson,J.R.et al(2016),“The political economy of bitcoin”,Economic Inquiry 54(2):925-939.
Higgins,S.(2016),“How bitcoin brought electricity to a South African school”,http://www.coindesk.com.
Hine,J.F.et al(2018),“Token economies:Using basic experimental research to guide practical applications”,Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy 48(1):145-154.
Kshetri,N.(2016),“Fostering startup ecosystems in India”,Asian Research Policy 7(1):94-103.
Lipsey,R.et al(2005),Economic Transformations:General Purpose Technologies and Long Term Economic Growth,Oxford University Press.
Litos,O.S.T.& D.Zindros(2017),“Trust is risk:A decentralized financial trust platform”,in:A.Kiayias(ed),Financial Cryptography and Data Security,Springer International Publishing.
Lorenz,J.(2016),“Blockchain in insurance:Opportunity or threat?”,http://www.mckinsey.com.
Lundy,L.(2016),Blockchain and the Sharing Economy 2.0,IBM Developer Works.
Mazzella,F.et al(2016),“How digital trust powers the sharing economy:The digitization of trust”,IESE Insight 30(3):24-31.
Merry,H.(2018),“Population increase and the smart city”,https://www.ibm.com.
Mildenberger,C.D.(2015),“Virtual world order:The economics and organizations of virtual pirates”,Public Choice 164(1):401-421.
Nakamoto,S.(2008),“Bitcoin:A peer-to-peer electronic cash system”,http://satoshiinstitute.org/bitcoin.pdf.
Nash,K.S.(2016),“IBM pushes blockchain into the supply chain”,http://www.wsj.com.
Panetta,K.(2018),“Smart cities look to the future”,https://www.gartner.com.
Pazaitis,A.(2016),“Blockchain and value systems in the sharing economy:The illustrative case of backfeed”,Technological Forecasting & Social Change 125(7):105-115.
Pilkington,M.(2016),“Blockchain technology:Principles and applications”,in:F.X.Olleros & M.Zhegu(eds),Research Handbook on Digital Transformations,Edward Elgar.
Risius,M.& K.Spohrer(2017),“A blockchain research framework”,Business & Information Systems Engineering 59(6):358-409.
Savelyev,A.(2018),“Some risks of tokenization and blockchainizaition of private law”,Computer Law & Security Review 34(1):863-869.
Sharma,P.K.& J.H.Park(2018),“Blockchain based hybrid network architecture for the smart city”,Future Generation Computer Systems 5(2):1-6.
Shin,L.(2016),“Republic of Georgia to pilot land titling on blockchain with economist Hernando De Soto,BitFury”,http://www.forbes.com.
Stringham,E.(2015),Private Governance,Oxford University Press.
Swan,M.(2015),Blockchain:Blueprint for a New Economy,O'Reilly Media.
White,L.(2015),“The market for cryptocurrencies”,Cato Journal 35(2):383-402.
W?rner,D.et al(2016),“The bitcoin ecosystem:Disruption beyond financial services?”,ECIS 2016 Proceedings.
Wright,A.& P.De Filippi(2015),“Decentralized blockchain technology and the rise of Lex Cryptographia”,http://ssrn.com/abstract=2580664.
Xu,X.et al(2016),“The blockchain as a software connector”,WICSA 2016 Proceedings.