复合益生菌制剂对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和免疫指标的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在研究不同配比复合益生菌制剂对爱拨益加(AA)肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和免疫指标的影响。选用320只1日龄健康雄性AA肉仔鸡,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复20只鸡。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组饲粮分别在基础饲粮中添加1 000 mg/kg不同配比复合益生菌制剂。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)1~42日龄时,Ⅲ组肉鸡的平均日采食量和平均日增重最高,料重比最低,与Ⅰ组差异显著(P<0.05)。2)Ⅲ和Ⅳ组的胸肌率显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。3)21和42日龄时,Ⅲ组肉鸡的血清免疫球蛋白A含量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。由此可知,饲粮中添加复合益生菌制剂可不同程度提高肉鸡的生长性能,改善屠宰性能,提高血清免疫球蛋白含量,其中以添加1 000 mg/kg配比为1∶2∶1∶1(枯草芽孢杆菌∶酿酒酵母∶嗜酸乳杆菌∶乳双歧杆菌)的复合益生菌制剂效果最好。
This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different proportions of compound probiotics on growth performance,slaughter performance and immune indices of arbor acres( AA) broilers. Three hundred and twenty 1-day-old healthy male AA broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 20 broilers per replicate. The broilers in control group( group Ⅰ) were fed a basal diet,and the others in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed the basal diets supplemented with 1 000 mg/kg different proportions of compound probiotics. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows: 1) at 1 to 42 days of age,the average daily feed intake and average daily gain of broilers in group Ⅲ were the highest,and the ratio of feed to gain was the lowest,which were significantly different compared with group Ⅰ( P<0.05). 2) The breast muscle percentage in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ( P<0.05). 3) At21 and 42 days of age,the serum immunoglobulin A content of broilers in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ( P < 0. 05). Therefore,dietary compound probiotics can increase the growth performance,slaughter performance and serum immunoglobulin content to different degrees,and supplemented with1 000 mg/kg proportions of 1∶2∶1∶1( Bacillus subtilis ∶ Saccharomyces cerevisiae ∶ Lactobacillus acidophilus ∶Bifidobacterium lactis) compound probiotics can reach the best effects.
This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different proportions of compound probiotics on growth performance,slaughter performance and immune indices of arbor acres( AA) broilers. Three hundred and twenty 1-day-old healthy male AA broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 20 broilers per replicate. The broilers in control group( group Ⅰ) were fed a basal diet,and the others in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed the basal diets supplemented with 1 000 mg/kg different proportions of compound probiotics. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows: 1) at 1 to 42 days of age,the average daily feed intake and average daily gain of broilers in group Ⅲ were the highest,and the ratio of feed to gain was the lowest,which were significantly different compared with group Ⅰ( P<0.05). 2) The breast muscle percentage in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ( P<0.05). 3) At21 and 42 days of age,the serum immunoglobulin A content of broilers in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ( P < 0. 05). Therefore,dietary compound probiotics can increase the growth performance,slaughter performance and serum immunoglobulin content to different degrees,and supplemented with1 000 mg/kg proportions of 1∶2∶1∶1( Bacillus subtilis ∶ Saccharomyces cerevisiae ∶ Lactobacillus acidophilus ∶Bifidobacterium lactis) compound probiotics can reach the best effects.
引文
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[18]郑蓓.鸡和鹌鹑β-干扰素基因的克隆、表达及免疫调节作用的研究[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2014.
[19]王志跃,汪张贵,龚道清,等.核黄素对家禽免疫器官发育的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2005,40(10):28-30.
[20]郭欣怡,张曼,韩飞,等.不同益生菌制剂对肉鸡生产性能、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2016,37(11):79-83.
[21]林谦,戴求仲,宾石玉,等.益生菌与酶制剂对黄羽肉鸡血液生化指标和免疫性能影响的协同效应研究[J].饲料工业,2012,33(14):31-36.
[22]孙全友,彭翔,李杰,等.姜黄素和抗菌肽对肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫机能的影响及其互作效应研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(17):62-67.
[23]刘建欣,郑昌学.现代免疫学:免疫的细胞和分子基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[24]涂健,吴鹏飞,柳矿里,等.复合微生态制剂对肉鸡生产性能及免疫生化指标的影响[J].中国家禽,2015,37(17):47-49.
[25]谢全喜,崔诗法,徐海燕,等.复合微生态制剂与饲用抗生素对肉鸡生长性能、免疫性能和抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(7):1336-1344.
[26]王佳丽,张玉科.复合益生菌对肉仔鸡免疫功能的影响[J].饲料研究,2013(8):65-67.
[2]赵朋超,王建华,权春善,等.枯草芽孢杆菌抗菌肽生物合成的研究进展[J].中国生物工程杂志,2010,30(10):108-113.
[3]黄福佳.WB800N-CC31工程菌发酵产物对大鼠生长、消化、肠道菌群及免疫的影响[D].硕士学位论文.大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2016.
[4]李渤南,由佳,王曙光,等.肉鸡饲粮添加复合益生菌制剂应用效果分析[J].中国家禽,2016(5):50-53.
[5]吕英,刘家福,郑世民.雏鸡应用益生素后免疫器官体液免疫动态变化[J].中国预防兽医学报,2009,31(4):305-309.
[6]关静姝,董经勇,张江.益生菌和抗菌肽复合物对肉鸡生产性能及免疫性能的影响[J].饲料博览,2016(3):19-22.
[7]唐志刚,钱巧玲,侯晓莹,等.益生菌的作用机理及其在肉鸡和蛋鸡中的应用[J].家畜生态学报,2010,31(2):5-8.
[8]KOMPIANG I P.Effect of yeast:saccharomyces cerevisiae and marine yeast as probiotic supplement on performance of poultry[J].Indonesian Journal of Animal&Veterinary Science,2014,7(1):18-21.
[9]BONGERS R S,VEENING J W,VAN WIERINGEN M,et al.Development and characterization of a subtilinregulated expression system in Bacillus subtilis:strict control of gene expression by addition of subtilin[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2005,71(12):8818-8824.
[10]古从伟,姜荣华,王博,等.益生芽孢杆菌抗感染的作用机理[J].中国畜牧兽医文摘,2011,27(4):194-195.
[11]华均超,张邦辉.微生态制剂对仔猪肠道微生态调控的研究与应用进展[J].中国饲料,2011(3):19-22.
[12]白耀辉.肉仔鸡生产中复合微生态制剂与抗生素联用效果研究[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2011.
[13]黄金华,李泰佑,王士长,等.复合益生菌制剂对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肌肉品质的影响[J].畜牧与饲料科学,2014,35(5):30-33.
[14]姬劲峰,熊丽丽.布拉氏酵母菌应用于肠内营养治疗的效果观察[J].数理医药学杂志,2015(7):1060-1061.
[15]廖玉英,黄英飞,韦凤英,等.不同益生菌制剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能不同益生菌制剂对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响[J].中国家禽,2014,36(23):29-32.
[16]陆银,武旭峰,费拥军,等.复合益生菌对肉仔鸡的生长性能及屠体品质的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2013,49(1):50-53.
[17]郭元晟.乳酸杆菌对肉鸡生产性能、免疫机能及肠道菌群的影响[D].博士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2011.
[18]郑蓓.鸡和鹌鹑β-干扰素基因的克隆、表达及免疫调节作用的研究[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2014.
[19]王志跃,汪张贵,龚道清,等.核黄素对家禽免疫器官发育的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2005,40(10):28-30.
[20]郭欣怡,张曼,韩飞,等.不同益生菌制剂对肉鸡生产性能、免疫功能和肠道菌群的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2016,37(11):79-83.
[21]林谦,戴求仲,宾石玉,等.益生菌与酶制剂对黄羽肉鸡血液生化指标和免疫性能影响的协同效应研究[J].饲料工业,2012,33(14):31-36.
[22]孙全友,彭翔,李杰,等.姜黄素和抗菌肽对肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫机能的影响及其互作效应研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2014,50(17):62-67.
[23]刘建欣,郑昌学.现代免疫学:免疫的细胞和分子基础[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.
[24]涂健,吴鹏飞,柳矿里,等.复合微生态制剂对肉鸡生产性能及免疫生化指标的影响[J].中国家禽,2015,37(17):47-49.
[25]谢全喜,崔诗法,徐海燕,等.复合微生态制剂与饲用抗生素对肉鸡生长性能、免疫性能和抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(7):1336-1344.
[26]王佳丽,张玉科.复合益生菌对肉仔鸡免疫功能的影响[J].饲料研究,2013(8):65-67.