摘要
利用2000-2015年中国30个省份面板数据,通过构建动态面板的广义矩估计(SYS-GMM)模型,实证分析了外商直接投资和地方财政分权对中国碳排放影响机理及门槛效应。研究结果表明:基于全国样本数据,外商直接投资和地方财政分权对区域碳排放有显著的正向促进效应,相比地方财政分权,外商直接投资对碳排放有更大的影响效应;基于区域异质性视角,东部地区和中部地区的地方财政分权对区域碳排放有显著的正向促进效应,而西部地区的外商直接投资对区域碳排放呈现显著地正向促进效应。进一步构建外商直接投资和地方财政分权对区域碳排放的门槛效应模型发现,地方政府财政分权对区域碳排放具有双重门槛,其门槛值分别为0.922和2.309。随着地方政府财政分权度的提高,外商直接投资对区域碳排放的正向促进效应逐渐减弱,本研究为"污染天堂"效应和"竞争到底"假说的有效性提供了经验证据。建议积极发挥地方政府发挥财政资源配置在推动区域经济增长和环境优化进程中的主导作用,积极引导外商资本逐步由一般加工向"技术型"外资转型拓展,推动辖区内产业由"粗放式"向"精细化"发展过渡转型,构建区域经济增长和环境优化的协同发展机制。
Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2015,the influence mechanism and threshold effect of foreign direct investment(FDI)and local fiscal decentralization(LFD)on China's carbon emission are analyzed by constructing the System Generalized Method of Moment(SYS-GMM)model of dynamic panel.The results show that FDI and LFD have a significant positive effect on regional carbon emissions from the national sample data.FDI has a greater impact on carbon emissions than LFD.From the perspective of regional heterogeneity,LFD in the eastern and central regions has a significant positive effect on regional carbon emissions,and so does FDI in the western regions.The threshold effect model of FDI and LFD on the regional carbon emissions shows that the local government fiscal decentralization on regional carbon emissions has a dual threshold,the threshold values being 0.922 and 2.309.With the increase of local government's fiscal decentralization,the positive effect of FDI on regional carbon emissions is gradual declining.This study provides empirical evidence for the effectiveness of"pollution haven"and"race to the bottom"hypotheses.It is proposed that the local government should actively give play to the leading role of financial resources allocation in promoting regional economic growth and environmental optimization,actively guide foreign investment to transform gradually from "general processing"to"technology-driven type"for the promotion of the industry from "extensive"to"intensive"development,and construct the collaborative development mechanism about regional economic growth and environmental optimization.
引文
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