大用户直购电模式下含大规模风光的电力系统优化调度
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摘要
作为售电侧改革的重要部分,开展大用户直购电具有重要的意义。随着大规模新能源接入电网,大用户直购电对含大规模风光的电力系统调度运行的影响亟待研究。首先,以系统综合运行效益最优为目标建立了含大用户直购电的风光电力系统调度模型。其次,提出了直购电机组完成直购电电量的3种不同方式,并将其转化为直购电电力电量约束条件加入模型中,同时选取调峰能力和经济性不同的机组参与直购电,来分析不同大用户直购电模式下,直购电机组特性和直购电量对新能源消纳的影响。最后,采用某省算例分析验证了模型的正确性和有效性,并对大用户直购电模式下提高风光消纳率提出了措施和建议。
As an important part of innovation in electric power market,it is of great significance to develop direct power purchase by large consumers. With the integration of new energy in grid,the impact of direct power purchase by large consumers on the dispatching operation of large wind-photovoltaic power system is needed to be studied urgently. Firstly,this paper establishes the wind-photovoltaic power system scheduling model with direct power purchase by large consumers,taking the optimal operation efficiency of the system as the target. Secondly, this paper proposes three electricity decomposition methods of direct power purchase by large consumers,and transfers them into different electricity power constraints of direct power purchase in this model. In addition,this paper selects units with different peak regulation and economic capacity to participate in direct power purchase,in order to analyze the impacts of the characteristics of direct power purchase units and the amount of direct power purchase on the new energy consumption. Finally,the correctness and effectiveness of the model are verified by the example analysis in a province,and some suggestions are proposed for improving the wind-photovoltaic power consumption under the mode of direct power purchase by large consumers.
As an important part of innovation in electric power market,it is of great significance to develop direct power purchase by large consumers. With the integration of new energy in grid,the impact of direct power purchase by large consumers on the dispatching operation of large wind-photovoltaic power system is needed to be studied urgently. Firstly,this paper establishes the wind-photovoltaic power system scheduling model with direct power purchase by large consumers,taking the optimal operation efficiency of the system as the target. Secondly, this paper proposes three electricity decomposition methods of direct power purchase by large consumers,and transfers them into different electricity power constraints of direct power purchase in this model. In addition,this paper selects units with different peak regulation and economic capacity to participate in direct power purchase,in order to analyze the impacts of the characteristics of direct power purchase units and the amount of direct power purchase on the new energy consumption. Finally,the correctness and effectiveness of the model are verified by the example analysis in a province,and some suggestions are proposed for improving the wind-photovoltaic power consumption under the mode of direct power purchase by large consumers.
引文
[1]李俊峰,蔡丰波,唐文倩,等.2011中国风电发展报告[R].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2011.
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[6]张森林.电力市场双边交易若干问题研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011.ZHANG Senlin.Studies on several important problems of bilateral transactions in electricity market[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2011.
[7]张慧玲,李婷,毛文照,等.考虑大用户直购电交易约束的中长期调度计划优化研究与应用[J].智能电网,2016,6(2):107-115.ZHANG Huiling,LI Ting,MAO Wenzhao,et al.Optimization research and application of medium and long term scheduling scheme considering the direct power purchase for the large user constraints[J].Smart Grid,2016,6(2):107-115.
[8]JIANG R W,WANG J H,GUAN Y P.Robust unit commitment with wind power and pumped storage hydro[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(2):800-810.
[9]张宁,周天睿,段长刚,等.大规模风电场接入对电力系统调峰的影响[J].电网技术,2010,34(1):152-158.ZHANG Ning,ZHOU Tianrui,DUAN Changgang,et al.Impact of large-scale wind farm connecting with power grid on peak load regulation demand[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(1):152-158.
[10]张宏宇,印永华,申洪,等.大规模风电接入后的系统调峰充裕性评估[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(22):26-31.ZHANG Hongyu,YIN Yonghua,SHEN Hong,et al.Peak-load regulating adequacy evaluation associated with large-scale wind power integration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(22):26-31.
[11]胡庆有.含大规模风光互补电力的电力系统动态经济调度研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2013.HU Qingyou.The research on dynamic economic dispatch of power system containing large scale wind-photovoltaic power[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2013.
[12]张文韬,王秀丽,吴雄,等.大规模风电接入下含大用户直购电的电力系统调度模型研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(12):2927-2935.ZHANG Wentao,WANG Xiuli,WU Xiong,et al.An analysis model of power system with large-scale wind power and transaction mode of direct power purchase by large consumers involved in system scheduling[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(12):2927-2935.
[13]GAING Z L.Particle swarm optimization to solving the economic dispatch considering the generator constraints[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2003,18(3):1187-1195.
[14]CARRION M,ARROYO J M.A computationally efficient mixed-integer linear formulation for the thermal unit commitment problem[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2006,21(3):1371-1378.
[15]张森林,张尧,陈皓勇,等.大用户直购电交易若干关键问题研究[J].华东电力,2009,37(4):523-528.ZHANG Senlin,ZHANG Yao,CHEN Haoyong,et al.Key issues on direct power purchase by large consumers[J].East China Electric Power,2009,37(4):523-528.
[16]黎灿兵,胡亚杰,赵弘俊,等.合约电量分解通用模型与算法[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(11):26-30.LI Canbin,HU Yajie,ZHAO Hongjun,et al.General model and algorithm for contract energy decomposition[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(11):26-30.
[17]FRANGIONI A,GENTILE C,LACALANDRA F.Tighter approximated MILP formulations for unit commitment problems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2009,24(1):105-113.
[18]OSTROWSKI J,ANJOS M F,VANNELLI A.Tight mixed integer linear programming formulations for the unit commitment problem[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(1):39-46.
[19]张聚,李平,王万良.基于Branch&Bound方法MIQP问题的求解及应用[J].系统仿真学报,2003,15(4):488-491.ZHANG Ju,LI Ping,WANG Wanliang.Branch&Bound based solution of MIQP problem and its application[J].Journal of System Simulation,2003,15(4):488-491.
[20]苏济归,舒隽,谢国辉,等.大规模机组组合问题计及网络约束的线性化求解方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(18):135-139.SU Jigui,SHU Juan,XIE Guohui,et al.Linearization method of large scale unit commitment problem with network constraints[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(18):135-139.
[21]王鹏,张灵凌,梁琳,等.火电机组有偿调峰与无偿调峰划分方法探讨[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(9):87-90.WANG Peng,ZHANG Lingling,LIANG Lin,et al.A method for division of paid peak-regulation and free peak-regulation for thermal power units[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(9):87-90.
[22]谢俊,白兴忠,甘德强.水电/火电机组调峰能力的评估与激励[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2009,43(11):2079-2084.XIE Jun,BAI Xingzhong,GAN Deqiang.Evaluation and incentive mechanism of peaking capability of hydroelectric/thermoelectric generators[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2009,43(11):2079-2084.
[23]刘德伟,黄越辉,王伟胜,等.考虑调峰和电网输送约束的省级系统风电消纳能力分析[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(22):77-81.LIU Dewei,HUANG Yuehui,WANG Weisheng,et al.Analysis on provincial system available capability of accommodating wind power considering peak load dispatch and transmission constraints[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(22):77-81.
[2]周强,汪宁渤,冉亮,等.中国新能源弃风弃光原因分析及前景探究[J].中国电力,2016,49(9):7-12,159.ZHOU Qiang,WANG Ningbo,RAN Liang,et al.Cause analysis on wind and photovoltaic energy curtailment and prospect research in China[J].Electric Power,2016,49(9):7-12,159.
[3]夏清,白杨,钟海旺,等.中国推广大用户直购电交易的制度设计与建议[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(20):1-7.XIA Qing,BAI Yang,ZHONG Haiwang,et al.Institutional design and suggestions for promotion of direct electricity purchase by large consumers in China[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(20):1-7.
[4]张森林,张尧,陈皓勇.大用户直购电关键问题深度剖析(1)[J].电力技术经济,2009,21(3):17-21.ZHANG Senlin,ZHANG Yao,CHEN Haoyong.Analysis on key issues of direct power purchase for large users(1)[J].Electric Power Technologic Economics,2009,21(3):17-21.
[5]陈皓勇,张森林,张尧.电力市场中大用户直购电交易模式及算法研究[J].电网技术,2008,32(21):85-90.CHEN Haoyong,ZHANG Senlin,ZHANG Yao.Research on transaction mode of direct power purchase by large consumers in electricity market[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(21):85-90.
[6]张森林.电力市场双边交易若干问题研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2011.ZHANG Senlin.Studies on several important problems of bilateral transactions in electricity market[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2011.
[7]张慧玲,李婷,毛文照,等.考虑大用户直购电交易约束的中长期调度计划优化研究与应用[J].智能电网,2016,6(2):107-115.ZHANG Huiling,LI Ting,MAO Wenzhao,et al.Optimization research and application of medium and long term scheduling scheme considering the direct power purchase for the large user constraints[J].Smart Grid,2016,6(2):107-115.
[8]JIANG R W,WANG J H,GUAN Y P.Robust unit commitment with wind power and pumped storage hydro[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(2):800-810.
[9]张宁,周天睿,段长刚,等.大规模风电场接入对电力系统调峰的影响[J].电网技术,2010,34(1):152-158.ZHANG Ning,ZHOU Tianrui,DUAN Changgang,et al.Impact of large-scale wind farm connecting with power grid on peak load regulation demand[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(1):152-158.
[10]张宏宇,印永华,申洪,等.大规模风电接入后的系统调峰充裕性评估[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(22):26-31.ZHANG Hongyu,YIN Yonghua,SHEN Hong,et al.Peak-load regulating adequacy evaluation associated with large-scale wind power integration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(22):26-31.
[11]胡庆有.含大规模风光互补电力的电力系统动态经济调度研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2013.HU Qingyou.The research on dynamic economic dispatch of power system containing large scale wind-photovoltaic power[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2013.
[12]张文韬,王秀丽,吴雄,等.大规模风电接入下含大用户直购电的电力系统调度模型研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(12):2927-2935.ZHANG Wentao,WANG Xiuli,WU Xiong,et al.An analysis model of power system with large-scale wind power and transaction mode of direct power purchase by large consumers involved in system scheduling[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(12):2927-2935.
[13]GAING Z L.Particle swarm optimization to solving the economic dispatch considering the generator constraints[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2003,18(3):1187-1195.
[14]CARRION M,ARROYO J M.A computationally efficient mixed-integer linear formulation for the thermal unit commitment problem[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2006,21(3):1371-1378.
[15]张森林,张尧,陈皓勇,等.大用户直购电交易若干关键问题研究[J].华东电力,2009,37(4):523-528.ZHANG Senlin,ZHANG Yao,CHEN Haoyong,et al.Key issues on direct power purchase by large consumers[J].East China Electric Power,2009,37(4):523-528.
[16]黎灿兵,胡亚杰,赵弘俊,等.合约电量分解通用模型与算法[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(11):26-30.LI Canbin,HU Yajie,ZHAO Hongjun,et al.General model and algorithm for contract energy decomposition[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(11):26-30.
[17]FRANGIONI A,GENTILE C,LACALANDRA F.Tighter approximated MILP formulations for unit commitment problems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2009,24(1):105-113.
[18]OSTROWSKI J,ANJOS M F,VANNELLI A.Tight mixed integer linear programming formulations for the unit commitment problem[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2012,27(1):39-46.
[19]张聚,李平,王万良.基于Branch&Bound方法MIQP问题的求解及应用[J].系统仿真学报,2003,15(4):488-491.ZHANG Ju,LI Ping,WANG Wanliang.Branch&Bound based solution of MIQP problem and its application[J].Journal of System Simulation,2003,15(4):488-491.
[20]苏济归,舒隽,谢国辉,等.大规模机组组合问题计及网络约束的线性化求解方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(18):135-139.SU Jigui,SHU Juan,XIE Guohui,et al.Linearization method of large scale unit commitment problem with network constraints[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(18):135-139.
[21]王鹏,张灵凌,梁琳,等.火电机组有偿调峰与无偿调峰划分方法探讨[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(9):87-90.WANG Peng,ZHANG Lingling,LIANG Lin,et al.A method for division of paid peak-regulation and free peak-regulation for thermal power units[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(9):87-90.
[22]谢俊,白兴忠,甘德强.水电/火电机组调峰能力的评估与激励[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2009,43(11):2079-2084.XIE Jun,BAI Xingzhong,GAN Deqiang.Evaluation and incentive mechanism of peaking capability of hydroelectric/thermoelectric generators[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2009,43(11):2079-2084.
[23]刘德伟,黄越辉,王伟胜,等.考虑调峰和电网输送约束的省级系统风电消纳能力分析[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(22):77-81.LIU Dewei,HUANG Yuehui,WANG Weisheng,et al.Analysis on provincial system available capability of accommodating wind power considering peak load dispatch and transmission constraints[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(22):77-81.