面对价格敏感性突变的供应链协调应对策略研究
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摘要
研究突发事件造成需求的价格敏感性突变时,供应链的协调应对问题。采用线性函数的形式衡量突发事件造成的额外成本,分析得到供应链的最优生产计划调整策略和最优价格调整策略,从而获得突发事件后供应链的最优利润。并设计了全单位数量折扣契约和限值线性价格契约,激励供应商和零售商实现协调应对,并满足按批量进行数量折扣的运营需求。此外,还对比分析了供应链在市场规模突变与价格敏感性突变下应对规律的异同。最后,通过数值仿真计算,展示结论的应用。
The coordination scheme for a supply chain was investigated under demand disruption which can change the price sensitivity of market demand.The deviation costs induced by the disruption were evaluated by linear function.Then,the optimal production strategy and pricing scheme were developed to get the best profit after the disruption.Also,the wholesale quantity discount policies and capacitated linear pricing policy,which can discount in bulk,were designed to motivate suppliers and retailers to realize coordinated results.Moreover,the similarities and differences between the marketing scale disruption and the price sensitivity mutation were analyzed.Finally,by the numerical simulation,the application of conclusions was demonstrated.
The coordination scheme for a supply chain was investigated under demand disruption which can change the price sensitivity of market demand.The deviation costs induced by the disruption were evaluated by linear function.Then,the optimal production strategy and pricing scheme were developed to get the best profit after the disruption.Also,the wholesale quantity discount policies and capacitated linear pricing policy,which can discount in bulk,were designed to motivate suppliers and retailers to realize coordinated results.Moreover,the similarities and differences between the marketing scale disruption and the price sensitivity mutation were analyzed.Finally,by the numerical simulation,the application of conclusions was demonstrated.
引文
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[17]Xiao T J,Qi X T,Yu G.Coordination of supply chain after demand disruptions when retailers compete[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2007,109(1-2):162-179.
[18]Xiao T J,Qi X T.Price competition,cost and demand disruptions and coordination of a supply chain with one manufacturer and two competing retailers[J].Omega,2008,36(5):741-753.
[19]Chen K B,Xiao T J.Demand disruption and coordination of the supply chain with a dominant retailer[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2009,197(1):225-234.
[20]Cao E,Wan C,Lai M.Coordination of a supply chain with one manufacturer and multiple competing retailers under simultaneous demand and cost disruptions[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2013,141(1):425-433.
[21]黄松,杨超,杨珺.需求和成本同时扰动下双渠道供应链定价与生产决策[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014,34(5):1219-1229.
[22]Jafari H,Hejazi S R,Morteza R B.Pricing decisions in dualchannel supply chain with one manufacture and multiple retailers:a game-tjeoretic approach[J].Rairo-Operations Research,2017,51(4):1269-1287.
[23]彭静,林杰,林正,等.需求变动下双渠道供应链的竞争和协调[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(1):146-152.
[24]Huang Y,Wang Z.Dual-recycling channel decision in a closedloop supply chain with cost disruptions[J].Sustainability,2017,9(11):1-28.
[25]于辉,陈剑,于刚.协调供应链如何应对突发事件[J].系统工程理论与实践,2005,25(7):9-16.
[26]王传涛,申金升,纪寿文.生产成本和需求同时扰动下供应链的协调[J].计算机集成制造技术,2010,16(6):1307-1312.
[2]Norrman A,Jansson U.Ericsson’s proactive supply chain risk management approach after a serious sub-supplier accident[J].International Journal of Physical Distribution&Logistics Management,2004,34(5):434-456.
[3]Clausen J,Larsen A,Larsen J,et al.Disruption management in the airline industry--Concepts,models and methods[J].Computer&Operations Research,2010,37(5):809-821.
[4]Qi X T,Bard J F,Yu G.Supply chain coordination with demand disruptions[J].Omega,2004,32(4):301-312.
[5]刘作仪.我国供应链管理研究进展与分析-基于自然科学基金项目[J].中国管理科学,2009,17(2):185-192.
[6]计雷,池宏,陈安,等.突发事件应急管理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[7]姚珣,唐小我,潘景铭.关于供应链应急事件的发生机理研究[J].管理工程学报,2010,24(2):36-39.
[8]于晓宇,陈依,马浩博.基于非线性控制理论的突发需求订货策略研究[J].工业工程与管理,2011,16(5):48-52.
[9]盛方正,季建华,周娜.基于供应链管理的应急预案启动时间研究[J].工业工程与管理,2008,13(6):1-5.
[10]Snyder L V,Atan Z,Peng P,et al.OR/MS models for supply chain disruptions:A review[J].IIE Transactions,2016,48(2):89-109.
[11]Hopkin P.Fundamentals of risk management:understanding,evaluating and implementing effective risk management[M].London:Kogan Page Publishers,2017.
[12]Oke A,Gopalakrishnana M.Managing disruptions in supply chains:a case study of a retail supply chain[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2009,118(1):168-174.
[13]Xu M H,Qi X T,Yu G,et al.The demand disruption management problem for a supply chain system with nonlinear demand function[J].Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering,2003,12(1):82-97.
[14]Huang C C,Yu G,Wang S,et al.Disruption management for supply chain coordination with exponential demand function[J].Acta Mathematica Scientia,2006,26(4):655-669.
[15]于辉,陈剑,于刚.回购契约下供应链对突发事件的协调应对[J].系统工程理论与实践,2005,25(8):38-43.
[16]于辉,陈剑.需求依赖于价格的供应链应对突发事件[J],系统工程理论与实践,2007,27(3):36-41.
[17]Xiao T J,Qi X T,Yu G.Coordination of supply chain after demand disruptions when retailers compete[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2007,109(1-2):162-179.
[18]Xiao T J,Qi X T.Price competition,cost and demand disruptions and coordination of a supply chain with one manufacturer and two competing retailers[J].Omega,2008,36(5):741-753.
[19]Chen K B,Xiao T J.Demand disruption and coordination of the supply chain with a dominant retailer[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2009,197(1):225-234.
[20]Cao E,Wan C,Lai M.Coordination of a supply chain with one manufacturer and multiple competing retailers under simultaneous demand and cost disruptions[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2013,141(1):425-433.
[21]黄松,杨超,杨珺.需求和成本同时扰动下双渠道供应链定价与生产决策[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014,34(5):1219-1229.
[22]Jafari H,Hejazi S R,Morteza R B.Pricing decisions in dualchannel supply chain with one manufacture and multiple retailers:a game-tjeoretic approach[J].Rairo-Operations Research,2017,51(4):1269-1287.
[23]彭静,林杰,林正,等.需求变动下双渠道供应链的竞争和协调[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(1):146-152.
[24]Huang Y,Wang Z.Dual-recycling channel decision in a closedloop supply chain with cost disruptions[J].Sustainability,2017,9(11):1-28.
[25]于辉,陈剑,于刚.协调供应链如何应对突发事件[J].系统工程理论与实践,2005,25(7):9-16.
[26]王传涛,申金升,纪寿文.生产成本和需求同时扰动下供应链的协调[J].计算机集成制造技术,2010,16(6):1307-1312.