2013～2017年沈阳市手足口病的流行病学特征分析
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摘要
目的对沈阳市手足口病数据进行流行病学和病原学分析,为科学防控手足口病提供依据。方法应用SPSS 19.0统计学软件对2013～2017年手足口病监测数据进行流行病学分析,并对地区分布和病原学指标进行统计、检验。结果 2013～2017年,沈阳市手足口病出现先升高后回落的现象,并呈周期性趋势,沈阳市手足口病高发地区在城乡结合的郊区,市内5区及县病例数较少,5年平均发病率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7919.35,P<0.001)。患者发病主要集中在5～9月,发病高峰期7～8月,全年均有发病。病例发病人群以5岁及以下儿童,特别是2岁组和3岁组的散居和幼托儿童为主。2013～2017年,沈阳市实验室诊断病例1349例,占病例总数的3.92%。肠道病毒71型(EV-A71)、柯萨奇病毒A16型(CV-A16)、其他肠道病毒在这5年期间呈现此消彼长态势,出现了三者交替规律,三者除2014年外,其他差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=381.99,P<0.001)。结论手足口病的发病率呈周期性趋势,可出现2～3年的周期性流行,加强对存在卫生条件和卫生习惯差、人口密集度等高危地区地区和人群的健康宣传是防制手足口病的重中之重。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological data of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shenyang city, to provide the basis for scientific prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods The surveillance data of hand-foot-mouth disease from 2013 to 2017 were analyzed by using SPSS 19.0 statistical software. Meanwhile,the regional distribution and pathogenic indexes were statistically tested. Results From 2013 to 2017, hand-foot-mouth disease in Shenyang city firstly rose and then fell back, which showed a cyclical trend. The high incidence areas of hand-foot-mouth disease were suburbs of urban-rural integration, a small number of cases were found in the city′s five districts and counties, and the difference in the five year average incidence was statistically significant(χ~2=7919.35,P<0.001). The high incidence was mainly from May to September, with the peak onset from July to August, all year round,the disease occurred. The patients were mainly scattered-living or kindergarten children aged 5 years or below, especially those aged 2 years and 3 years. From 2013 to 2017, there were 1349 laboratory diagnosed cases in Shenyang city, accounting for 3.92% of total cases. During the five years, EV71 virus, Cox A16 virus and other intestinal viruses presented a trend of increasing and decreasing, which showed an alternate rule of the three, with statistically significant differences(χ~2=381.994,P<0.001) except in 2014. Conclusion The incidence of the hand-foot-mouth disease presents the cyclical trends with the period of onset of 2-3 years. Strengthening health propaganda in high-risk areas such as poor hygienic conditions, poor hygienic habits and population density is the top priority in preventing hand-foot-mouth disease.
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological data of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shenyang city, to provide the basis for scientific prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods The surveillance data of hand-foot-mouth disease from 2013 to 2017 were analyzed by using SPSS 19.0 statistical software. Meanwhile,the regional distribution and pathogenic indexes were statistically tested. Results From 2013 to 2017, hand-foot-mouth disease in Shenyang city firstly rose and then fell back, which showed a cyclical trend. The high incidence areas of hand-foot-mouth disease were suburbs of urban-rural integration, a small number of cases were found in the city′s five districts and counties, and the difference in the five year average incidence was statistically significant(χ~2=7919.35,P<0.001). The high incidence was mainly from May to September, with the peak onset from July to August, all year round,the disease occurred. The patients were mainly scattered-living or kindergarten children aged 5 years or below, especially those aged 2 years and 3 years. From 2013 to 2017, there were 1349 laboratory diagnosed cases in Shenyang city, accounting for 3.92% of total cases. During the five years, EV71 virus, Cox A16 virus and other intestinal viruses presented a trend of increasing and decreasing, which showed an alternate rule of the three, with statistically significant differences(χ~2=381.994,P<0.001) except in 2014. Conclusion The incidence of the hand-foot-mouth disease presents the cyclical trends with the period of onset of 2-3 years. Strengthening health propaganda in high-risk areas such as poor hygienic conditions, poor hygienic habits and population density is the top priority in preventing hand-foot-mouth disease.
引文
[1]钱素云,李兴旺.我国手足口病流行及诊治进展十年回首[J].中华儿科杂志,2018,56(5):321-323.
[2]李成华,刘卫,谭徽,等.彬州市2012~2014年手足口病流行流行特征分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(8):930-933.
[3]贺麟,王文华,陈益,等.2011~2013年吉安市手足口病流行特征与病原学监测分析[J].中国当代医学,2014,21(32):161-163.
[4]白杉,穆金萍.2009-2013年沈阳市手足口病流行特征分析[J].职业与健康,2014,30(21):3095-3098.
[5]梁广忠.2012-2015年天津市津南区手足口病流行病学及病原学特征[J].职业与健康,2016,32(166):2231-2233.
[6]黄飚,栾博,史玉婷,等.吉林省2008~2014年手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33(2):291-294.
[7]吴欣锐,黎祺,罗垲炜,等.湖南省2009至2015年手足口病疫情及时空聚集性变化趋势[J].中南大学学报(医学版),2016,41(8):865-870.
[8]刘皓,刘新庆.2016年抚顺某医院手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中国卫生统计,2018,35(1):117-118.
[9]刘俊华.小儿手足口病流行病学研究现状[J].青岛医药卫生,2016,48(2):141-143.
[10]刘爱平,谢群,谭徽,等.2014年湖南省郴州市手足口病病原谱及CVA16基因特征分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(7):816-818,878.
[11]唐荣,王晓敏,陈桂兰,等.抚州市2011~2012年手足口病病原学检测结果分析[J].中国当代医药,2013,20(31):150-151.
[12]海岩,李忠延,跃华,等.内蒙古2008-2013年手足口病疫情分析[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(1):29-31.
[13]胡惠兰,曾义虎,曹继东.2008-2011年云南省昭通市手足口病流行特征分析[J].中国当代医药,2013,20(5):164-165.
[14]李琴丽,王戬.西安市托幼机构儿童家长手足口病知识、态度、行为特征分析[J].中国卫生统计,2016,33(1):99-101.
[15]许芳.小儿手足口病预防控制的有效性[J].中国保健营养,2018,2(17):220-221.
[16]中国疾病预防控制中心.肠道病毒71型灭活疫苗使用技术指南[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2016,22(4):458-464.
[2]李成华,刘卫,谭徽,等.彬州市2012~2014年手足口病流行流行特征分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(8):930-933.
[3]贺麟,王文华,陈益,等.2011~2013年吉安市手足口病流行特征与病原学监测分析[J].中国当代医学,2014,21(32):161-163.
[4]白杉,穆金萍.2009-2013年沈阳市手足口病流行特征分析[J].职业与健康,2014,30(21):3095-3098.
[5]梁广忠.2012-2015年天津市津南区手足口病流行病学及病原学特征[J].职业与健康,2016,32(166):2231-2233.
[6]黄飚,栾博,史玉婷,等.吉林省2008~2014年手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33(2):291-294.
[7]吴欣锐,黎祺,罗垲炜,等.湖南省2009至2015年手足口病疫情及时空聚集性变化趋势[J].中南大学学报(医学版),2016,41(8):865-870.
[8]刘皓,刘新庆.2016年抚顺某医院手足口病流行病学特征分析[J].中国卫生统计,2018,35(1):117-118.
[9]刘俊华.小儿手足口病流行病学研究现状[J].青岛医药卫生,2016,48(2):141-143.
[10]刘爱平,谢群,谭徽,等.2014年湖南省郴州市手足口病病原谱及CVA16基因特征分析[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(7):816-818,878.
[11]唐荣,王晓敏,陈桂兰,等.抚州市2011~2012年手足口病病原学检测结果分析[J].中国当代医药,2013,20(31):150-151.
[12]海岩,李忠延,跃华,等.内蒙古2008-2013年手足口病疫情分析[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(1):29-31.
[13]胡惠兰,曾义虎,曹继东.2008-2011年云南省昭通市手足口病流行特征分析[J].中国当代医药,2013,20(5):164-165.
[14]李琴丽,王戬.西安市托幼机构儿童家长手足口病知识、态度、行为特征分析[J].中国卫生统计,2016,33(1):99-101.
[15]许芳.小儿手足口病预防控制的有效性[J].中国保健营养,2018,2(17):220-221.
[16]中国疾病预防控制中心.肠道病毒71型灭活疫苗使用技术指南[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2016,22(4):458-464.